MODELING AND INVESTIGATION OF THE WEAR RESISTANCE OF SALT BATH NITRIDED AISI 4140 VIA ANN

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 1350033 ◽  
Author(s):  
ŞERAFETTIN EKINCI ◽  
AHMET AKDEMIR ◽  
HUMAR KAHRAMANLI
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Salt Bath ◽  
Back Propagation Algorithm ◽  
Aisi 4140 Steel ◽  
Aisi 4140 ◽  
Sliding Distance

Nitriding is usually used to improve the surface properties of steel materials. In this way, the wear resistance of steels is improved. We conducted a series of studies in order to investigate the microstructural, mechanical and tribological properties of salt bath nitrided AISI 4140 steel. The present study has two parts. For the first phase, the tribological behavior of the AISI 4140 steel which was nitrided in sulfinuz salt bath (SBN) was compared to the behavior of the same steel which was untreated. After surface characterization using metallography, microhardness and sliding wear tests were performed on a block-on-cylinder machine in which carbonized AISI 52100 steel discs were used as the counter face. For the examined AISI 4140 steel samples with and without surface treatment, the evolution of both the friction coefficient and of the wear behavior were determined under various loads, at different sliding velocities and a total sliding distance of 1000 m. The test results showed that wear resistance increased with the nitriding process, friction coefficient decreased due to the sulfur in salt bath and friction coefficient depended systematically on surface hardness. For the second part of this study, four artificial neural network (ANN) models were designed to predict the weight loss and friction coefficient of the nitrided and unnitrided AISI 4140 steel. Load, velocity and sliding distance were used as input. Back-propagation algorithm was chosen for training the ANN. Statistical measurements of R2, MAE and RMSE were employed to evaluate the success of the systems. The results showed that all the systems produced successful results.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SALT BATH NITRIDING ON SURFACE ROUGHNESS BEHAVIOUR OF AISI 4140 STEEL

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Ghelloudj Elhadj ◽  
Mohamed Tahar Hannachi ◽  
Hamid Djebaili
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Salt Bath ◽  
Initial Surface ◽  
Aisi 4140 Steel ◽  
Aisi 4140 ◽  
Layer Increase ◽  
Structural Surface ◽  
Salt Bath Nitriding

In the present research, AISI 4140 steel was nitrided in salt bath to study and analyze the behaviour of the surface roughness.  The Structural surface characterization behaviour of the nitrided steel was compared to the behaviour of the same steel which was untreated. The nitriding process was implemented in the salt bath component at ten different times (from 1 h to 10 h) when the temperature was constant at (580ºC). The influence of nitriding treatment  on structural properties of the material was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),  microhardness tester and surface profilometer. It was found that salt bath nitriding was effective in improving the surface properties behaviour of this steel, Experimental results showed that the nitrides ε-Fe2-3(N,C) and γ’-Fe4(N,C) present in the compound layer increase the microhardness (406–502 HV0.3),The initial surface roughness values of nitrided samples were higher than those of unnitrided specimens, It also observed that the Increasing the  nitriding  time  increases the surface roughness parameters (Ra, Rq and Rz).

scholarly journals EFFECT OF TIME ON THE COMPOUND LAYER FORMED DURING SALT BATH NITRIDING OF AISI 4140 STEEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
GHELLOUDJ Elhadj ◽  
HANNACHI Mohamed Tahar ◽  
DJEBAILI Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Salt Bath ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Aisi 4140 Steel ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Aisi 4140 ◽  
Salt Bath Nitriding ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Microhardness Tester

<p class="AMSmaintext">This research was carried out to study the effect of time on the compound layer of AISI 4140 steel in salt bath nitriding. The nitriding process were implemented on AISI 4140 steel in salt bath component for different times (from 1 h to 10 h) at 580 °C. Samples of AISI 4140 steel were treated and characterized (at surface and core of samples) through the following technique: optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and microhardness tester. Shows that thick compound layers are formed during continuous salt bath nitriding. The thickness of the compound layer and surface hardness increases with increasing time.</p>

EFFECT OF NITROGEN AMOUNT ON TRIBOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF PLASMA NITRIDED 31CrMoV9 STEEL

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (07) ◽  
pp. 1850217 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. ÇOMAKLI ◽  
A. F. YETIM ◽  
B. KARACA ◽  
A. ÇELIK
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pin On Disk

The 31CrMoV9 steels were plasma nitrided under different gas mixture ratios to investigate an influence of nitrogen amount on wear behavior. The structure, mechanical and tribological behavior of untreated and nitrided 31CrMoV9 steels were analyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), microhardness device, 3D profilometer and pin-on-disk wear tester. The analysis outcomes displayed that the compound layer consists of nitride phases (Fe2N, Fe3N, Fe4N and CrN). Additionally, the thickness of the compound layers, surface hardness and roughness increased with increasing nitrogen amount in the gas mixture. The highest friction coefficient value was obtained at nitrogen amount of 50%, but the lowest value was seen at nitrogen amount of 6%. It was observed that wear resistance of 31CrMoV9 steel improved after plasma nitriding, and the best wear resistance was also obtained from plasma nitrided sample at the gas mixture of 94% H[Formula: see text]% N2.

Investigation of the Wear Behavior of AA6082 Against Different Counterparts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safiye İpek Ayvaz ◽  
Mehmet Ayvaz
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Pin On Disk ◽  
Disk Method ◽  
Sliding Distance ◽  
Oxidation Wear

In this study, the effect of different counterparts on the wear resistance of AA6082 aluminum alloy was investigated. In tests using pin-on-disk method, 6 mm diameter Al2O3, 100Cr6 and WC-6Co balls were used as counterparts. The tests were carried out using 500 m sliding distance and 5N load. The lowest specific wear rate was measured as 7.58x10-4 mm3/Nm in WC-6Co / AA6082 couple, and the highest value was measured as 9.71x10-4 mm3/Nm in 100Cr6/AA6082 couple. In the Al2O3/AA6082 couple, the specific wear rate of the AA6082-T6 sample was determined as 8.23x10-4 mm3/Nm.While it was observed that the dominant wear type in the 100Cr6/AA6082 pair was abrasive wear, oxidation wear and oxide tribofilm were detected in the WC-6Co/AA6082 and Al2O3/AA6082 couple besides the abrasive wear.

Friction and Wear Response of a Hard-Anodized AA6082

2021 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 1235-1239
Author(s):  
Eleonora Santecchia ◽  
Marcello Cabibbo ◽  
Abdel Magid S. Hamouda ◽  
Farayi Musharavati ◽  
Anton Popelka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Anodized Aluminum ◽  
Tribological Tests ◽  
Hard Anodizing ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Wear Response

The properties of anodized aluminum, and wear resistance in particular, are of high interest for the scientific community. In this study, discs of AA6082 were subjected to a peculiar hard anodizing process leading to anodized samples having different thicknesses. In order to investigate the wear mechanism of samples, unidirectional tribological tests were performed against alumina balls (corundum) under different loading conditions. Surface and microstructure of all the samples were characterized before and after the tribological tests, using different characterization techniques. The tribological tests showed remarkable differences in the friction coefficient and wear behavior of the anodized AA6082 samples, related to the microstructure modifications and to the specific applied sliding conditions.

Microstructure, nano-mechanical characterization, and fretting wear behavior of plasma surface Cr-Nb alloying on γ-TiAl

2020 ◽  
pp. 135065012093983
Author(s):  
Dongbo Wei ◽  
Fengkun Li ◽  
Xiangfei Wei ◽  
Tomasz Liskiewicz ◽  
Krzysztof J Kubiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Wear Scar ◽  
Fretting Wear ◽  
Friction Behavior ◽  
Plasma Surface ◽  
Nb Alloying

In this study, surface Cr-Nb alloying was realized on γ-TiAl using double glow plasma hollow cathode discharge technique. An inter-diffusion layer was generated under the surface, composed of Cr2Nb intermetallic compounds. After Cr-Nb alloying, the surface nanohardness of γ-TiAl increased from 5.65 to 11.61 GPa. The surface H/E and H3/E2 increased from 3.37 to 5.98 and from 0.64 to 4.15, respectively. Cr-Nb alloying and its effect on fretting wear were investigated. The surface treatment resulted in improved plastic deformation and fretting wear resistance of γ-TiAl. The fretting wear test showed that an average friction coefficient of γ-TiAl against Si3N4 ball was significantly decreased after Cr-Nb alloying. The fluctuation of friction coefficient during running-in stage was significantly improved. The friction behavior of both γ-TiAl before and after Cr-Nb alloying could be divided into distinctive stages including formation of debris, flaking, formation of crack, and delamination. It was observed that the high hardness, resistance to plastic deformation, and fatigue resistance of γ-TiAl after Cr-Nb alloying could inhibit the formation of debris and delamination during friction test. The fretting wear scar area and the maximum wear scar depth were decreased, indicating that the wear resistance of γ-TiAl has been greatly improved after Cr-Nb alloying. The results indicated that plasma surface Cr-Nb alloying is an effective way for improving the fretting wear resistance of γ-TiAl in aviation area.

Effect of Varying Wt% of TiC on Mechanical and Wear Properties of RZ5-TiC In-Situ Composite

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Mehra ◽  
M.M. Mahapatra ◽  
S. P. Harsha
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tic Particle ◽  
Mechanical And Microstructural Properties ◽  
Sliding Distance

The purpose of this article is to enhance the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the RZ5 alloy used in the aerospace application by adding TiC particles. The present study discusses processing of in-situ RZ5-TiC composite fabricated by self-propagating high temperature (S.H.S.) method and its wear behavior. The effects of TiC particle on mechanical and microstructural properties of the composite are studied. The wear test is performed by varying the sliding distance and applied load. The composite is characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results exhibited the properties like strength and hardness of RZ5-10wt%TiC composite has been increased considerably, while grain size is decreased as compared to the RZ5 alloy. The fractography indicated mixed mode (quasi-cleavage and ductile feature) failure of the composites. The wear results showed improvement in wear resistance of the composite. The FESEM showed dominate wear mechanisms are abrasion, ploughing grooves.

scholarly journals Effect of Tempering Temperature on Microstructures and Wear Behavior of a 500 HB Grade Wear-Resistant Steel

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erding Wen ◽  
Renbo Song ◽  
Wenming Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Temper Embrittlement ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Resistant Steel ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Wear Resistant ◽  
The Impact

The microstructure and wear behavior of a 500 Brinell hardness (HB) grade wear-resistant steel tempered at different temperatures were investigated in this study. The tempering microstructures and wear surface morphologies were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The relationship between mechanical properties and wear resistance was analyzed. The microstructure of the steel mainly consisted of tempered martensite and ferrite. Tempered troosite was obtained when the tempering temperature was over 280 °C. The hardness decreased constantly with the increase of tempering temperature. The same hardness was obtained when tempered at 260 °C and 300 °C, due to the interaction of Fe3C carbides and dislocations. The impact toughness increased first and reached a peak value when tempered at 260 °C. As the tempering temperature was over 260 °C, carbide precipitation would occur along the grain boundaries, which led to temper embrittlement. The best wear resistance was obtained when tempered at 200 °C. At the initiation of the wear test, surface hardness was considered to be the dominant influencing factor on wear resistance. The effect of surface hardness improvement on wear resistance was far greater than the impact toughness. With the wear time extending, the crushed quartz sand particles and the cut-down burs would be new abrasive particles which would cause further wear. Otherwise, the increasing contact temperature would soften the matrix and the adhesive wear turned out to be the dominant wear mechanism, which would result in severe wear.

Effect of plasma nitrocarburizing temperature on the wear behavior of AISI 4140 steel

2010 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. S84-S89 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Heydarzadeh Sohi ◽  
M. Ebrahimi ◽  
A. Honarbakhsh Raouf ◽  
F. Mahboubi
Keyword(s):  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Aisi 4140 Steel ◽  
Aisi 4140 ◽  
Plasma Nitrocarburizing
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