scholarly journals SURFACE CHEMICAL AND COLOR CHARACTERIZATION OF JUVENILE TECTONA GRANDIS WOOD SUBJECTED TO STEAM-DRYING TREATMENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550091 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDER BERROCAL ◽  
RÓGER MOYA ◽  
MARÍA RODRIGUEZ-SOLIS ◽  
RICARDO STARBIRD ◽  
FREDDY MUÑOZ
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Surface Chemical ◽  
Surface Color ◽  
Teak Wood ◽  
Text Color ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Steam Drying

The color of Tectona grandis wood is an attribute that favors its commercialization, however, wood color from fast-growth plantation trees is clear and lacks uniformity. The aim of this work is to characterize steamed teak wood by means of the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and [Formula: see text] color systems. Two moisture conditions (green and 50%) and two grain patterns (flat and quarter) of boards were analyzed through the application of different steaming times (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18[Formula: see text]h). The FTIR results showed that the bands at 1158, 1231, 1373 and 1419[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] did not show any change with steaming, whereas the bands at 1053, 1108, 1453, 1506, 1536, 1558, 1595, 1652, 1683, 1700 and 1733[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] presented a decrease in the intensity with the steaming time. The band at 1318[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] was the only one that increased. Lightness ([Formula: see text]) was the most affected parameter, followed by yellowness ([Formula: see text]), while redness ([Formula: see text]) showed the smallest change. Surface color change ([Formula: see text]) presented the lowest value between 3[Formula: see text]h and 6[Formula: see text]h of steam-drying in the boards with flat grain, whereas for boards with quarter grain, the smallest [Formula: see text] value was obtained after 18[Formula: see text]h of steaming.

scholarly journals WOOD CHARACTERIZATION OF ADULT CLONES OF TECTONA GRANDIS GROWING IN COSTA RICA

CERNE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Arce ◽  
Roger Moya
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
End User ◽  
Wood Color ◽  
Commercial Market ◽  
Aesthetic Characteristics

ABSTRACT Tectona grandis is an important wood in the commercial market due to its excellent workability, durability and aesthetic characteristics. Therefore, it is important to improve the conditions of reproduction and development in commercial plantations using clone reproduction, in order to produce trees with better wood quality. In this study we analyzed the general properties, physical properties and color of 20 adult teak clones (fifteen-year-old) from the area of Guanacaste, Costa Rica. It was found that at 15 years, the clones have a diameter which varies from 19.82 cm to 30.13 cm, the percentage of heartwood ranges from 49.76 to 60.02%, and that these values are similar to those found in the literature. In regards to the physical properties, it was found that the specific gravity ranges from 0.45 to 0.60 g.cm-3, the green moisture content varies from 70% to 110.6%. In the color properties, it was found that L* values ranged from 48 to 59, a* 7 to 9.5 and b * from 20.5 to 26.3. Likewise it was determined that the color change (ΔE*) compared to commercial wood color, is commonly categorized as perceptible in all clones. However, three of the clones studied have a darker color and reddish wood which indicates a color more desirable to the end user.

scholarly journals PROPERTIES OF TEAK WOOD INFECTED BY Ceratocystis fimbriata

FLORESTA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1037
Author(s):  
Jackeline Eliada Cichoski da Silva ◽  
Ariany Mendes Cruz ◽  
Bárbara Luísa Corradi Pereira ◽  
Aylson Costa Oliveira ◽  
Waldelaine Rodrigues Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Radial Position ◽  
Ceratocystis Fimbriata ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Ceratocystis Wilt ◽  
Teak Wood ◽  
Old Trees

In Brazil, the growth of Tectona grandis (teak) plantations is accompanied by an increased incidence of Ceratocystis wilt, a fungal disease that colonizes the vascular system of such tree. The objective of this work was to evaluate the properties of teak wood infected with Ceratocystis fimbriata at different radial positions. Ten 17-year-old trees (five infected and five healthy) were collected. A disk was removed from the base of each tree to determine Janka hardness, basic density, anatomical analysis, colorimetric parameters in the CIEL*a*b* system and sodium hydroxide solubility (NaOH). There were no significant differences for radial position and health for basic density and Janka hardness of the wood, with mean values of 0.488 g.cm3 and 58.66 MPa, respectively. The deposition of dark compounds was observed inside the parenchyma cells and fibers, as well as the formation of tyloses in the sapwood. Yellow pigment was predominant in the color formation of teak wood, which was influenced by radial position, with the sapwood being lighter. Regarding C. fimbriata infection, the color change was more evident in sapwood. Conversely, the NaOH solubility was lower for the sapwood attacked by the fungus. In conclusion, the changes in teak wood infected by C. fimbriata are visual and the anatomical structures do not deteriorate.

scholarly journals Wood characterization of Tectona grandis L. F. cultivated in Brazil: a review of the last 30 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. e162101421549
Author(s):  
Israel Luiz de Lima ◽  
Maurício Ranzini ◽  
Eduardo Luiz Longui ◽  
Juraci de Andrade Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Material ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
Teak Wood

Worldwide, Tectona grandis (teak) is recognized for its productivity and the quality of its wood. The Brazilian market is already seen as a great potential for consumption and production of teak wood. Therefore, the objective of this work was to characterize the teak wood grown in Brazil through a bibliographic survey of the results already available. In general, it was found that the teak wood planted in Brazil has a certain variability in its technological properties, and these variations are due to the origin, genetic material, age, planting location and the cycle used in the management of the forest. In a way, we still do not have much research on the quality of teak wood, and it would be important to implement research programs and experiments that consider the different genetic materials, growing environments, planting spacing, silvicultural tracts and ages of cutting, to allow greater knowledge about the growth and the factors that can influence the quality of the wood to be produced.

Fuel Characterization of Bio-oil from Fast Pyrolysis of Tectona grandis in a Fixed Bed Reactor

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pious Okekunle ◽  
Akinola Ogunsola ◽  
Oluwapelumi Babayemi ◽  
Emmanuel Abodunrin ◽  
Olanrewaju Daramola
Keyword(s):  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Fuel Characterization

Green Synthesis and Spectroscopic Studies of Ag-rGO Nanocomposites for Highly Selective Mercury (II) Sensing

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubhangi J. Mane-Gavade ◽  
Sandip R. Sabale ◽  
Xiao-Ying Yu ◽  
Gurunath H. Nikam ◽  
Bhaskar V. Tamhankar
Keyword(s):  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Suitable Condition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Calibration Plot ◽  
First Time

Introduction: Herein we report the green synthesis and characterization of silverreduced graphene oxide nanocomposites (Ag-rGO) using Acacia nilotica gum for the first time. Experimental: We demonstrate the Hg2+ ions sensing ability of the Ag-rGO nanocomposites form aqueous medium. The developed colorimetric sensor method is simple, fast and selective for the detection of Hg2+ ions in aqueous media in presence of other associated ions. A significant color change was noticed with naked eye upon Hg2+ addition. The color change was not observed for cations including Sr2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Fe2+, Ba2+ and Mn2+indicating that only Hg2+ shows a strong interaction with Ag-rGO nanocomposites. Under the most suitable condition, the calibration plot (A0-A) against concentration of Hg2+ was linear in the range of 0.1-1.0 ppm with a correlation coefficient (R2) value 0.9998. Results & Conclusion The concentration of Hg2+ was quantitatively determined with the Limit of Detection (LOD) of 0.85 ppm. Also, this method shows excellent selectivity towards Hg2+ over nine other cations tested. Moreover, the method offers a new cost effective, rapid and simple approach for the detection of Hg2+ in water samples.

Fractionation and characterization of lignin from waste rice straw: Biomass surface chemical composition analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 795-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubhangi De ◽  
Shubham Mishra ◽  
Elangovan Poonguzhali ◽  
Mathur Rajesh ◽  
Krishnamurthi Tamilarasan
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Surface Chemical ◽  
Surface Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Composition Analysis

Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Mixed Functional Cationic Exchange Copolymer Microsphere as Drug Carrier

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 2288-2291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaewnapa Wongsermsin ◽  
Praneet Opanasopit ◽  
Tanasait Ngawhirunpat ◽  
Prasert Akkaramongkolporn
Keyword(s):  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Gastric Ph ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Electron Micrograph ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrograph ◽  
Cationic Exchange ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Release Characteristic ◽  
Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide

The objective of the present study was to prepare a novel mixed functional cationic exchange copolymer microsphere containing methyl methacrylic acid and sulfonated styrene crosslinked with divinylbenzene. The emulsion polymerization was used to prepare the cationic exchange copolymer microsphere which was characterized by the scanning electron micrograph (SEM) and the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The release characteristic of the loaded drug i.e. dextromethorphan hydrobromide from the copolymer microsphere was studied under both simulated gastric (pH 1.2) and intestinal (pH 6.8) conditions. The result showed that the drug released from the novel copolymer microsphere depended on the pH of the release media.

scholarly journals Characterization of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Communities of Aquilaria crassna and Tectona grandis Roots and Soils in Thailand Plantations

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e112591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amornrat Chaiyasen ◽  
J. Peter W. Young ◽  
Neung Teaumroong ◽  
Paiboolya Gavinlertvatana ◽  
Saisamorn Lumyong
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Aquilaria Crassna

Study on Anti-Aging Properties of Two New Recycled Paper-Plastic Material/PE Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 1961-1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Guo ◽  
Da Gang Li ◽  
Jing Jing Li ◽  
Yu Xia Chen ◽  
Fei Fang
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Bending Properties ◽  
Surface Color ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Aging Properties

The color change and bending properties of diapers scrap/PE composite and recycled milk-cartons/PE composite put in the sun environment, the dry and wet environment, and the Xenon Weathering resistant box environment were studied. It showed that: (1) The surface color of the two new WPCs changed greatly in three environment, and affected the appearance; the color change in the Xenon Weathering resistant box environment is much greater than it in the sun environment and the dry and wet environment, (2) The MOE and MOR initially showed decreased trend and then showed an upward trend after test in the sun environment and the dry and wet environment for about six months; The MOE and MOR decreased a lot after put in the Xenon Weathering resistant box environment for 1500h.

scholarly journals Fusarium graminearum Colors and Deoxynivalenol Synthesis at Different Water Activity

Foods ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Cambaza ◽  
Shigenobu Koseki ◽  
Shuso Kawamura
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Color Change ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Color Analysis ◽  
Surface Color ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
White Mycelium ◽  
Imagej Software ◽  
Inverse Proportionality

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a well-known mycotoxin, responsible for outbreaks of gastrointestinal disorders in Japan. Fusarium graminearum, a parasite of cereal crops, produces this toxin and this is one of the reasons why it is important to understand its metabolism. It is possible to predict the mold’s color change and the quantity of DON synthesized throughout its lifecycle. Furthermore, aw has been found to affect the amount of DON. This study aimed to analyze the potential of F. graminearum surface color as a predictor of DON concentration at aw = 0.94, 0.97, and 0.99. Thus, 36 specimens were incubated at 25 °C, 12 at each aw. After 4, 8, 12, and 16 days, three specimens from each aw were collected for color analysis and DON quantification. For color analysis, photos were taken and red, green and blue (RGB) channels were measured on ImageJ software. DON was quantified through liquid chromatography (HPLC). Color changes were only observed at aw = 0.99 because at lower aw the molds presented high growth of white mycelium. Yet, DON increased in all cases. It was only possible to relate the colors with DON concentration at aw = 0.99, where they presented inverse proportionality.

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