Biocompatibility Evaluation of Hollow Pollen Grains/Fe3 O4 Nanoparticles Composites as Potential Medical Devices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solmaz Zakhireh ◽  
Yadollah Omidi ◽  
Younes Beygi-Khosrowshahi ◽  
Ayoub Aghanejad ◽  
Jaleh Barar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Narrow Region ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Apoptosis Related Gene

Recently, pollen grains (PGs) have been introduced as drug carriers and scaffolding building blocks. This study aimed to assess the in-vitro biocompatibility of Pistacia vera L. hollow PGs/Fe3O4 nanoparticles (HPGs/Fe3O4NPs) composites using human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCs). In this regard, iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4NPs) were assembled on the surface of HPGs at different concentrations. The biocompatibility of the prepared composites was assessed through MTT assay, apoptosis-related gene expression and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) analysis. Compared to the bare HPGs, the HPGs/Fe3O4NPs exhibited a biphasic impact on hAD-MSCs. The composite containing 1% Fe3O4NPs demonstrated no cytotoxicity up to 21 days while higher Fe3O4NPs contents and long-term exposure revealed adverse effects on the hAD-MSCs’ growth. The obtained result was verified by the qRT-PCR and morphological analysis carried out through FE-SEM which suggests that a narrow region below 1% Fe3O4NPs may be the optimum choice for medicinal applications of HPGs/Fe3O4NPs microdevices.

scholarly journals OPTIMASI DAN EVALUASI METODE KRIOPRESERVASI PURWOCENG

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
IKA ROOSTIKA ◽  
IRENG DARWATI ◽  
RITA MEGIA
Keyword(s):  
Visual Observation ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Combined Treatments ◽  
Embryogenic Calli ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Adenine Sulphate ◽  
In Vitro Shoots ◽  
Better Than

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Optimasi dan evaluasi metode kriopreservasi perlu dilakukan dalam<br />menentukan protokol standar untuk penyimpanan jangka panjang biakan<br />purwoceng. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi<br />perlakuan pratumbuh, prakultur, dan formulasi media pemulih terhadap<br />daya tumbuh dan daya regenerasi tunas in vitro dan kalus embriogenik<br />serta untuk mengevaluasi metode kriopreservasi melalui observasi<br />morfologi, anatomi, dan sitologi. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium<br />Kultur Jaringan Kelompok Peneliti Biologi Sel dan Jaringan BB Litbang<br />Biogen pada tahun 2008-2009. Teknik kriopreservasi yang digunakan<br />adalah vitrifikasi (untuk apeks) dan enkapsulasi-vitrifikasi (untuk kalus<br />embriogenik). Pada teknik vitrifikasi, tunas pucuk diberi perlakuan<br />pratumbuh dengan sukrosa (3, 4, 5, dan 6%) selama 1 dan 2 minggu,<br />perlakuan prakultur dilakukan pada media yang mengandung sukrosa 0,3<br />M selama 1 dan 3 hari, perlakuan dehidrasi dengan PVS2 diberikan selama<br />15 dan 30 menit, dan media pemulih yang diujikan adalah media dasar MS<br />atau DKW dengan dan tanpa penambahan adenin sulfat 20 ppm. Pada<br />teknik enkapsulasi-vitrifikasi, kalus embriogenik dienkapsulasi terlebih<br />dahulu dengan Na-alginat 3%, perlakuan dehidrasi dengan PVS2 diberikan<br />selama 0, 30, dan 60 menit. Evaluasi metode teknik kriopreservasi<br />dilakukan melalui pengamatan morfologi secara visual, anatomi meristem<br />dengan scanning electron microscope (SEM), pengujian viabilitas dengan<br />fluorescein diacetate (FDA), dan analisis ploidi secara flowcytometry.<br />Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik enkapsulasi-vitrifikasi lebih<br />baik daripada teknik vitrifikasi untuk kriopreservasi purwoceng. Walaupun<br />persentase keberhasilan kriopreservasi rendah (10%), kalus embriogenik<br />purwoceng mampu berproliferasi dan beregenerasi menjadi ribuan embrio<br />somatik dewasa. Evaluasi metode kriopreservasi dengan SEM dan FDA<br />dapat diterapkan untuk memperkirakan keberhasilan teknik kriopreservasi<br />secara dini sedangkan analisis flowcytometry dapat diterapkan untuk<br />menguji stabilitas genetik bahan tanaman pasca-kriopreservasi.<br />Kata kunci: Pimpinella pruatjan Molk., kriopreservasi, SEM, FDA,<br />flowcytometry</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />Optimization and evaluation of cryopreservation methods should be<br />conducted to obtain standard protocol for long term conservation of<br />pruatjan. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of<br />combined treatments of pregrowth, preculture, and recovery media to the<br />survival and regeneration rate of in vitro shoots and embryogenic calli and<br />to evaluate the cryopreservation methods by observing the morphological,<br />anatomical, and cytological characters. The techniques of vitrification (for<br />apex) and encapsulation-vitrification (for embryogenic calli) were applied<br />in this study. On vitrification technique, the apical shoots were pregrown<br />on media containing of 3, 4, 5, and 6% sucrose for 1 and 2 weeks,<br />precultured on media containing of 0,3 M sucrose for 1 and 3 days,<br />dehydrated by PVS2 solution for 15 and 30 minutes, and planted on<br />recovery media (MS or DKW basal media supplemented with 20 ppm<br />adenine sulphate). On encapsulation-vitrification technique, embryogenic<br />calli were encapsulated by 3% Na-alginate, dehydrated by PVS2 solution<br />for 0, 30, and 60 minutes. The evaluation of cryopreservation methods was<br />done through visual observation, SEM analysis, viability test, and<br />flowcytometry determination. The result showed that encapsulation-<br />vitrification was better than vitrification technique for cryopreservation of<br />pruatjan. The successful rate of this method was low (10%) but the<br />embryogenic calli could proliferate and regenerate into thousands mature<br />somatic embryos. The evaluation by SEM and FDA can be applied as<br />early detection to estimate the successful of cryopreservation, whereas<br />flowcytometry  analysis  may  determine  the  genetic  stability  of<br />cryopreserved materials.<br />Key words: Pimpinella pruatjan Molk., cryopreservation, SEM, FDA,<br />flowcytometry</p>

A New Cellular Model for In Vitro Biocompatibility Evaluation of Microcapsule Materials

2005 ◽  
Vol 288-289 ◽  
pp. 499-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua'an Zhang ◽  
Lin Sun ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Xiao Jun Ma
Keyword(s):  
Cell Model ◽  
L929 Cell ◽  
Monocytic Cell ◽  
Monocytic Cell Line ◽  
Human Monocytic Cell Line ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Human Monocytic Cell ◽  
Biocompatibility Testing

Fibrosis caused by the host response to long-term transplanted microcapsules and the limitation of traditional L929 cell model for biocompatibility testing inspire the development of an assay of biocompatibility based on macrophage behavior. In this paper, the human monocytic cell line THP-1 was utilized for biocompatibility evaluation of microcapsule materials. The cell viability and secretion of nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines served as index of biocompatibility were assayed. It was found that the evaluated microcapsule materials had no effect on the stimulation of NO and cytokines secretion, which meant that these materials were biocompatible. Furthermore, it suggests the THP-1 cell a convenient in vitro experimental model that might be useful for long-term predictions of material biocompatibility.

scholarly journals Biocompatibility of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 573-576
Author(s):  
Claudia Matschegewski ◽  
Anja Kowalski ◽  
Knut Müller ◽  
Henrik Teller ◽  
Niels Grabow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticle ◽  
Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Hyperthermia Treatment ◽  
Magnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Biological Performance

AbstractMagnetic nanoparticles are highly promising for the usage in various biomedical applications including magnetic particle imaging (MPI), cancer hyperthermia treatment or as drug carriers. The present study aims at assessing in vitro biocompatibility of two commercially available magnetic iron oxide nanoparticle formulations: dextran-based magnetic nanoparticle synomag-D and bionized nanoferrite BNF-starch. Biological performance of both nanoparticle formulations were studied in human endothelial cells by analyzing cell viability and nanoparticle internalization in order to judge their suitability as theranostics.

scholarly journals PDMS-enhanced slowly degradable Ca-P-Si scaffold: Material characterization, fabrication and in vitro biocompatibility study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 228080002110232
Author(s):  
Tao Wu ◽  
Zhanpeng Li ◽  
Yadong Chen ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Jingshu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Osteoblast Cells ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Phosphate Silicate ◽  
Biocompatibility Study

A slowly degradable bone scaffold can well maintain the balance between new bone regeneration and scaffold resorption, esp. for seniors or patients suffering from pathological diseases, because too fast degradation can lead to the loss of long-term biological stability and result in scaffold failure. In this present study, calcium phosphate silicate (CPS) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) were blended in different ratios to formulate slurries for scaffold fabrication. The effects of crosslinked PDMS on the CPS material properties were first characterized and the most viable formulation of CPS-PDMS slurry was determined based on the aforementioned results to 3D fabricate scaffolds. The biocompatibility of CPS-PDMS was further evaluated based on the scaffold extract’s cytotoxicity to osteoblast cells. Furthermore, real-time PCR was used to investigate the effects of scaffold extract to increase osteoblast proliferation. It is showed that the crosslinked PDMS interfered with CPS hydration and reduced both setting rate and compressive strength of CPS. In addition, CPS porosity was also found to increase with PDMS due to uneven water distribution as a result of increased hydrophobicity. Degradation and mineralization studies show that CPS-PDMS scaffold was slowly degradable and induced apatite formation. In addition, the in vitro analyses show that the CPS-PDMS scaffold did not exert any cytotoxic effect on osteoblast cells but could improve the cell proliferation via the TGFβ/BMP signaling pathway. In conclusion, CPS-PDMS scaffold is proved to be slowly degradable and biocompatible. Further analyses are therefore needed to demonstrate CPS-PDMS scaffold applications in bone regeneration.

scholarly journals Structural, mechanical and in vitro studies on pulsed laser deposition of hydroxyapatite on additive manufactured polyamide substrate

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hariharan Kuppuswamy ◽  
Arumaikkannu Ganesan
Keyword(s):  
Pulsed Laser Deposition ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Laser Deposition ◽  
Biological Fixation ◽  
Pull Out

Additive manufacturing (AM) is an emerging field that merges engineering and life sciences to produce components that can effectively act as a replacement in the human body. This AM encompasses biofabrication using cells, biological or biomaterials as building blocks to fabricate biological and bio-application oriented substance, device and therapeutic products through a broad range of engineering and biological processes. Furthermore, bioactive coating on BAM surface facilitates biological fixation between the prosthesis and the hard tissue which increases the long term stability and integrity of the implant. In this paper, hydroxyapatite (HA) powder was coated over AM polyamide sub-strate using pulsed laser deposition. Coating morphology was characterised using scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis and observed that the coating was dominated by the presence of particle droplet with different sizes. Com-pounds like tricalcium phosphate and a few amorphous calcium phosphates were found along with HA which was con-firmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques shows the presence of phosphate and carbonate groups in the HA structure. Nano-indentation and pull-out test reveals that the layer was strong enough and withstands higher load before it peels off. In vitro analysis was evaluated with human os-teosarcoma MG-63 cells with respect to the cell viability and results shows that the good viability was observed on coated surface due to combinational effect of Ca2+ and PO43? ions. The multitude of characterisation conducted on the coating has established that coating polyamide with HA results in a positive combination for an implant.

scholarly journals An In-Silico Corrosion Model for Biomedical Applications for Coupling With In-Vitro Biocompatibility Tests for Estimation of Long-Term Effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tijana Šušteršič ◽  
Gorkem Muttalip Simsek ◽  
Guney Guven Yapici ◽  
Milica Nikolić ◽  
Radun Vulović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Metallic Implants ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Corrosion Mechanisms

The release of metal particles and ions due to wear and corrosion is one of the main underlying reasons for the long-term complications of implantable metallic implants. The rather short-term focus of the established in-vitro biocompatibility tests cannot take into account such effects. Corrosion behavior of metallic implants mostly investigated in in-vitro body-like environments for long time periods and their coupling with long-term in-vitro experiments are not practical. Mathematical modeling and modeling the corrosion mechanisms of metals and alloys is receiving a considerable attention to make predictions in particular for long term applications by decreasing the required experimental duration. By using such in-silico approaches, the corrosion conditions for later stages can be mimicked immediately in in-vitro experiments. For this end, we have developed a mathematical model for multi-pit corrosion based on Cellular Automata (CA). The model consists of two sub-models, corrosion initialization and corrosion progression, each driven by a set of rules. The model takes into account several environmental factors (pH, temperature, potential difference, etc.), as well as stochastic component, present in phenomena such as corrosion. The selection of NiTi was based on the risk of Ni release from the implant surface as it leads to immune reactions. We have also performed experiments with Nickel Titanium (NiTi) shape memory alloys. The images both from simulation and experiments can be analyzed using a set of statistical methods, also investigated in this paper (mean corrosion, standard deviation, entropy etc.). For more widespread implementation, both simulation model, as well as analysis of output images are implemented as a web tool. Described methodology could be applied to any metal provided that the parameters for the model are available. Such tool can help biomedical researchers to test their new metallic implant systems at different time points with respect to ion release and corrosion and couple the obtained information directly with in-vitro tests.

scholarly journals Composite Fiber Spun Mat Synthesis and In Vitro Biocompatibility for Guide Tissue Engineering

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (24) ◽  
pp. 7597
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Osorio-Arciniega ◽  
Manuel García-Hipólito ◽  
Octavio Alvarez-Fregoso ◽  
Marco Antonio Alvarez-Perez
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Composite Fiber ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Zro2 Nanoparticles ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Air Jet ◽  
Fiber Scaffolds

Composite scaffolds are commonly used strategies and materials employed to achieve similar analogs of bone tissue. This study aims to fabricate 10% wt polylactic acid (PLA) composite fiber scaffolds by the air-jet spinning technique (AJS) doped with 0.5 or 0.1 g of zirconium oxide nanoparticles (ZrO2) for guide bone tissue engineering. ZrO2 nanoparticles were obtained by the hydrothermal method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyzed the synthesized PLA/ZrO2 fiber scaffolds. The in vitro biocompatibility and bioactivity of the PLA/ZrO2 were studied using human fetal osteoblast cells. Our results showed that the hydrothermal technique allowed ZrO2 nanoparticles to be obtained. SEM analysis showed that PLA/ZrO2 composite has a fiber diameter of 395 nm, and the FITR spectra confirmed that the scaffolds’ chemical characteristics are not affected by the synthesized technique. In vitro studies demonstrated that PLA/ZrO2 scaffolds increased cell adhesion, cellular proliferation, and biomineralization of osteoblasts. In conclusion, the PLA/ZrO2 scaffolds are bioactive, improve osteoblasts behavior, and can be used in tissue bone engineering applications.

scholarly journals Biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity of zinc(II) doped hydroxyapatite, synthesized by hydrothermal method

2012 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
pp. 1787-1798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeljko Radovanovic ◽  
Djordje Veljovic ◽  
Bojan Jokic ◽  
Suzana Dimitrijevic ◽  
Gordana Bogdanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Before And After

In order to obtain multifunctional materials with good biocompatibility and antimicrobial effect, hydroxyapatite (HAp) doped with Zn2+ was synthesized by hydrothermal method. Powders with different content of zinc ions were synthesized and compared with undoped HAp to investigation of Zn2+ ion influence on the antimicrobial activity of HAp. Analyses of undoped and Zn2+-doped powders before and after thermal treatment at 1200?C were performed by SEM and XRD. Antimicrobial effects of powders were examined in relation to Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans in liquid medium. The results showed that the obtained powders have good antimicrobial activity, but higher antimicrobial activities of powders doped with Zn2+ were observed after annealing at 1200?C. For powders annealed at 1200?C in vitro biocompatibility tests MTT and DET with MRC-5 fibroblast cells in liquid medium were carried out. Based on MTT and DET tests it was shown that powders do not have a significant cytotoxic effect, which was confirmed by SEM analysis of MRC-5 fibroblast cells after theirs in vitro contact with powders.

Laboratory and in-situ analysis of comet dust

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 8-9
Author(s):  
D.E. Brownlee ◽  
A.L. Albee
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Isotopic Analysis ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Early Solar System ◽  
Cometary Material ◽  
Comet Dust

Comets are primitive, kilometer-sized bodies that formed in the outer regions of the solar system. Composed of ice and dust, comets are generally believed to be relic building blocks of the outer solar system that have been preserved at cryogenic temperatures since the formation of the Sun and planets. The analysis of cometary material is particularly important because the properties of cometary material provide direct information on the processes and environments that formed and influenced solid matter both in the early solar system and in the interstellar environments that preceded it.The first direct analyses of proven comet dust were made during the Soviet and European spacecraft encounters with Comet Halley in 1986. These missions carried time-of-flight mass spectrometers that measured mass spectra of individual micron and smaller particles. The Halley measurements were semi-quantitative but they showed that comet dust is a complex fine-grained mixture of silicates and organic material. A full understanding of comet dust will require detailed morphological, mineralogical, elemental and isotopic analysis at the finest possible scale. Electron microscopy and related microbeam techniques will play key roles in the analysis. The present and future of electron microscopy of comet samples involves laboratory study of micrometeorites collected in the stratosphere, in-situ SEM analysis of particles collected at a comet and laboratory study of samples collected from a comet and returned to the Earth for detailed study.

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