Legal norm retrieval with variations of the bert model combined with TF-IDF vectorization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Wehnert ◽  
Viju Sudhi ◽  
Shipra Dureja ◽  
Libin Kutty ◽  
Saijal Shahania ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Legal Norm

Role of Regulatory Acts in Creation of a Democratic State

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
R. F.o. Veliev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Norm ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
A Current

A current theoretical and practical legal basis for creation of regulatory acts in the Russian Federation is discussed. A current relationship between the issued regulatory acts and some criteria of legal norm classification is shown. Legalization of the President address to the Parliament of the Russian Federation as a substantial element of the legal norm-making in a democratic state is revealed.

‘Were it not against our laws’: oppression and resistance in Shakespeare's Comedy of Errors

Legal Studies ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Heinze
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Legal Norm ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Parent Child

The Comedy of Errors, always loved on the stage, has long been deemed less substantial than Shakespeare's ‘mature’ works. Its references to private and public law have certainly been noted: a trial, a breached contract, a stand-off between monarchical and parliamentary powers. Yet the play's legal elements are more than historical curios within an otherwise light-hearted venture. The play is pervasively structured by an array of socio-legal dualisms: master–servant, husband–wife, native–alien, parent–child, monarch–parliament, buyer–seller. All confront fraught transitions from pre-modern to early modern forms. Those fundamentally legal relationships fuel character and action, even where no conventionally legal norm or procedure is at issue. ‘Errors’ in the play serve constantly to highlight unstable and shifting relationships of dominance and submission. Law undergoes its own transition from feudal–aristocratic to commercial forms. Through a theatrical framing device, it thereby re-emerges to remind us that those dualisms, even in their new incarnations, will remain squarely within law's ambit.

Condicio supervacua and related conditions 
in Roman law

2015 ◽  
Vol 83 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 77-106
Author(s):  
Veronika Kleňová ◽  
Zdenko Takáč
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Legal Norm ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Legal Situation ◽  
Legal Effect ◽  
Proper Condition ◽  
Legal Opinion

The article deals with the conditions that did not have the legal effect of a ‘proper condition’. The authors distinguish these conditions from a ‘proper condition’ pointing out that the distinguishing feature is an ‘uncertainty’ carried by the condition. Firstly, the authors focus their attention on the condicio supervacua – the term is explicitly used only by Pomponius in the case of legacies. It did not have the effect of a ‘proper condition’, because the uncertainty expressed by the condition already resulted from the legal norm itself. It was an explicitly expressed condicio iuris pursuant to the modern definitions of the term. The authors analyze and compare various cases that seemingly deal with condiciones iuris too. The analysis makes it clear that they were regarded as supervacuae, unless the testator changed the legal situation in some way through their expression. He had to insert some new uncertainty that did not result from the legal norm itself. The other kind of condition that the article deals with is condicio institutionis/substitutionis expressly re-applied to a legatum. This condition is different from condicio supervacua, because in this case the new uncertainty was added by the testator himself. Despite some doubts, the legal opinion which prevailed in Roman law was that such a condition did not have the effect of a ‘proper condition’ in relation to a legacy. The reason is that even if the testator re-applied the condition of institution also to a legacy, he extended only the uncertainty of aditio hereditatis and did not insert any new uncertainty into the legacy itself.


scholarly journals Anak Luar Nikah Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor: 46/PUU-VIII/2010 Berkaitan Dengan Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak-Hak Keperdataan Anak Di Luar Perkawinan

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhan Asyhadi
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Court Decision ◽  
Legal Norm ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Biological Father

Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 46/PUU-VIII/2010, yang merubah/menambah norma hukum Pasal 43 Ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan adalah salah satu bukti nyata akan peran lembaga Pengadilan dalam memikirkan nasib dan masa depan anak yang lahir diluar perkawinan itu terhadap laki-laki sebagai ayah biologisnya, maka dengan norma hukum baru itu, Hakim-hakim pengadilan Agama sesuai dengan kewenangannya diharapkan mampu menjabarkan hak-hak keperdataan anak luar nikah dalam putusan-putusannya, agar kedepan hak-hak keperdataan anak seperti itu terhadap laki-laki sebagai ayah biologisnya terjamin sehingga dapat menjalani kehidupannya dengan wajar sebagaimana mestinya tanpa diskriminasi. Kata Kunci: Mahkamah Konstitusi, Perkawinan Children Married Outside After The Decision Of The Constitutional Court Number: 46 / PUU-VIII / 2010 Relating To Protection Against Civil Rights Child Outside Of Marriage Constitutional Court Decision No. 46 / PUU-VIII / 2010, which modified / legal norm of Article 43 Paragraph (1) of Law No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage is one of the first concrete evidence of the role of the Court in thinking about the fate and future of children born outside the marriage of a man as the biological father, then the norms of the new law, judges court religion in accordance with the authority is expected to describe the civil rights of children out of wedlock in its decisions, that future civil rights to children as against men as the biological father assured so as to live it to the fair as it should without discrimination. Keywords: The Constitutional Court, Marriage

scholarly journals Hans Kelsen as Outliner: The Defence of a Radical Norm Theory

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
Stanley Paulson
Keyword(s):  
Legal Theory ◽  
Legal Norm ◽  
Norm Theory ◽  
Hans Kelsen

In his first treatise on legal theory, Hauptprobleme der Staatsrechtslehre (1911), Hans Kelsen seeks to recast legal norm theory in a way that would eliminate from the theory the imperative, with what Kelsen sees as its moral connotations. The result, Kelsen’s sanction theory, is not entirely successful. It leaves in place the imperative vis-à-vis legal officials, with obligations imposed on officials to implement sanctions. In the 1930s, Kelsen returns to the issue, radically recasting legal norm theory by introducing empowerment as the fundamental modality and obligation as merely derivative, a view that prevails in the second edition of the Reine Rechtslehre (1960).

scholarly journals Kewajiban Notaris Melaporkan Transaksi Mencurigakan Dalam Pencegahan dan Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-379
Author(s):  
Teuku Ulya Murtadha ◽  
Dahlan Ali ◽  
Mohd Din
Keyword(s):  
Legal Norm ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Service Demand ◽  
Suspicious Transaction ◽  
Analysis Center ◽  
Adequate Power

Notaris merupakan pejabat umum bersifat mandiri dalam menjalankan tugasnya tanpa dicampuri oleh instansi manapun. Notaris memiliki Kewenangan yang telah ditentukan dalam Undang-undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2004 tentang Jabatan Notaris serta kewenangan yang ditentukan dengan undang-undang lainnya. Kenyataannya secara normatif bahwa notaris dalam melaksanakan kewajiban lainnya wajib melaporkan transaksi keuangan mencurigakan yang diawasi oleh Pusat Pelaporan dan Analisis Transaksi Keuangan. Perluasan kewajiban tersebut juga tidak diikuti dengan kewenangan yang memadai untuk dilaksanakan secara optimal sehingga terkesan absurd. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis norma hukum pelaksanaan kewajiban melaporkan transaksi mencurigakan dalam penggunaan jasa notaris terhadap independensi notaris sebagai pejabat umum sesuai Peraturan Menteri Hukum dan HAM Nomor 9 tahun 2017 tentang Penerapan Prinsip Mengenali Pengguna Jasa Bagi Notaris dan Menganalisa kewenangan notaris dalam pelaksanaan kewajiban tersebut. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa penetapan notaris sebagai pihak pelapor tidaklah mengganggu independensi notaris namun dalam pelaksanaan kewajiban melaporkan tersebut notaris tidak diberikan kewenangan yang memadai dan kewajiban-kewajiban tambahan tersebut dianggap terlalu jauh bagi notaris untuk melaksanakannya. Penetapan notaris sebagai pihak pelapor harus diikuti dengan amandemen Undang-undang Jabatan Notaris dan pemberian kewenangan yang jelas dan pasti.Notary is a public officer that has to be independent in performing it's duties without getting intervened by any other institution. Notary possesses the authority regulated in act number 30 year 2004 concerning notary office and other authorities regulated by other regulation. The normative reality shows notary in the extention of it's duty stated to submit suspicious transaction supervised by report and analysis center of finance transaction. Moreover the extention of the duty is not followed by sufficient authority to perform optimally so that seem to be absurd. The purpose of the research mainly to analize legal norm in performing suspicious transaction report's  obligation of notary service demand toward notary's independency as a public officer, notary's obligation generally and notary's authority in law and human right ministery regulation Number 9 year 2017 principle implementation of client identify for notary. The output reveals that notary settlement as a whistleblower may not interupt notary's independency however in that particular obligation notary was not given such adequate power and those extentional obligations seems to be too far for notary to perfom it. Notary settlement as a whistleblower has to be followed by amandement of act of notary office and clear, sufficient authority distribution.

scholarly journals Fashion industry, innovation and intellectual property / Indústria da moda, inovação e propriedade intelectual

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Maristela Basso
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Intermediate Position ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Norm ◽  
Fashion Design ◽  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
North Americans ◽  
The North ◽  
The One

Bearing in mind the absence of specific legal norm on “fashion design” and the lack of expertise of ourjudges, Brazilian courts have recognized some degree of protection for designs granted by the fashion industry.They do not deny protection, as the North Americans who exclude the utilitarian aspects, nor even declarerights as vast as in French law. The trend of the judged in Brazil is in an intermediate position. That is, they aimto encourage innovation, on the one hand, and on the other, limit copying, requiring incremental elements toprovide protection.

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