The Role of Accuracy in Algorithmic Process Fairness Across Multiple Domains

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Albach ◽  
James R. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Process Fairness ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
Algorithmic Process

Categorization flexibility and unconventional choices: is life an adventure?

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 1963-1986
Author(s):  
Tilottama G. Chowdhury ◽  
Feisal Murshed
Keyword(s):  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Purchase Behavior ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Domain ◽  
Multiple Domains

Purpose This paper proposes that categorization flexibility, operationalized as the cognitive capacity that cross-categorizes products in multiple situational categories across multiple domains, might favorably influence a consumer’s evaluation of unconventional options. Design/methodology/approach Experimental research design is used to test the theory. An exploratory study first establishes the effect of categorization flexibility in a non-food domain. Study 1 documents the moderating role of decision domain, showing that the effect works only under low- (vs high-) consequence domain. Studies 2A and 2B further refine the notion by showing that individuals can be primed in a relatively higher categorization flexibility frame of mind. Study 3 demonstrates the interactive effect of categorization flexibility and adventure priming in a high-consequence domain. Study 4 integrates the interactive effects of decisions with low- vs high-consequence, adventure priming and categorization flexibility within a single decision domain of high consequence. Findings Consumers with higher- (vs lower-) categorization flexibility tend to opt for unconventional choices when the decision domain entails low consequences, whereas such a result does not hold under decision domain of high consequences. The categorization flexibility effects in case of low-consequence decision domain holds true even when consumers are primed to be categorization flexible. Furthermore, with additional adventure priming, consumers show an increased preference for unconventional options even under a decision domain with high consequence. Research limitations/implications This study could not examine real purchase behavior as results are based on cross-sectional, behavioral intention data. In addition, it did not examine the underlying reason for presence of cross-domain categorization flexibility index. Practical implications The results suggest that stimuli may be tailored to consumers in ways that increase the salience and the perceived attractiveness of unconventional choices. Further, data reinforce the notion of cross-categorical interrelations among different domains, which could be leveraged by marketers. Originality/value This study represents the first documentation of the potential ways by which unconventional product choice might be a function of individuals’ categorization flexibility level across different types of decision domains. The findings yield implications that are novel to both categorization and consumer decision-making literature.

Urbanizing the Ambient

2017 ◽  
pp. 527-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Patricia McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The People ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Urban Level ◽  
Multiple Domains

The purpose of this chapter is to develop and explore the ambient urbanizing concept as a way to shed light on what happens at the urban level when people become more aware and attuned to smartness and ambience in everyday city spaces. The research design for this work includes a case study approach and multiple methods of quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis. In parallel with this study, anecdotal evidence gathered from individuals across the city through informal individual and group discussions enabled further analysis, comparison, and triangulation of data. This chapter makes a contribution to the research literature across multiple domains; sheds light on the emerging relationships of awareness in the people – technologies – cities dynamic, highlighting the critical role of people, in their everyday urban activities, interactions, and experiences; and offers a proposed ambient urbanizing framework for enriching spaces, things, and designs in smart cities.

Disruptive Experiences as Tools for Teacher Education: Unearthing the Potential of Experiential Education

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-36
Author(s):  
Cheryl M. Bolick ◽  
Jocelyn Glazier ◽  
Christoph Stutts
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Experiential Education ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Teachers Beliefs ◽  
Emotional Aspects ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
The Impact

Background: This study examines the role of a weeklong experiential residency program on teachers’ beliefs about self and practice. Purpose: The goal of two separate intensive experiences was to help teachers generate new insight about the place of students, the teacher, and the school that extended beyond a surface-level understanding of experiential education. Methodology/Approach: Through a qualitative approach, the research team used field notes, course documents, participant reflections, researcher journals, and follow-up interviews to analyze the impact of participants’ immersion in either of the experiential outdoor residencies. Findings/Conclusions: The unpredictable nature of the physical and social environment of the experiential week helped teachers to see the central role of community in the learning process. Furthermore, teacher responses to the experience defied simple categorization along a prior theoretical construct. Teachers indicated a growing confidence in their ability to seek out and overcome challenges across multiple domains. Implications: These teachers were challenged to integrate multiple social and emotional aspects of self into their learning, while envisioning the same for their own students. Their experiences and reflections support an expanded role for immersive experiences outside of the traditional classroom in teacher education.

Web Application for Virtual-Making of Cost Domain in Process of Civil-Project E-Management by Suggestive Algorithms

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 4660-4664
Author(s):  
Amir Reza Estakhrian Haghighi ◽  
Sina Safaee
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Traditional Management ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
Role Of It

In this article, it is tried to study the role of IT powerful tools to change in identity of procedure in developmental project management from traditional space to virtual space (conversion of project traditional management to project electronic project) and also it is studied how to enforce electronic methods in managing projects and it’s effect on expense/time and quality factors with modeling a developmental project as a pilot project to exiting systems and procedures in projects. Since in accordance to PMBOK [6] viewpoint, project management process can be defined as management on multiple domains such as Communication, Provisions, Cost, Quality and time. Therefore, in this article, some suggestive algorithms will be introduced to show the feasibility of virtual making and web-based management of one of the domains of project management. (Cost domain)

scholarly journals Technology Entrepreneurship, Technology Strategy, and Uncertainty

2021 ◽  
pp. 205-220
Author(s):  
Nathan R. Furr
Keyword(s):  
Economic Life ◽  
Technology Strategy ◽  
Technology Entrepreneurship ◽  
Technology Firms ◽  
Evolution Of Technology ◽  
Technology Positions ◽  
Multiple Domains

Technology entrepreneurship—and, by extension, technology strategy—is the study of how firms use technology to create and capture value. While this area draws on multiple domains, including literatures describing the evolution of technology, firms, and industries, few dedicated efforts have been made to integrate these domains to describe technology strategy, even though many of the most powerful firms today are not those with industry or resource positions but those with technology positions. This chapter unpacks the theoretical and empirical foundations of technology entrepreneurship as it relates to strategy, summarizes current research, and highlights important unanswered questions, foremost of which is the role of uncertainty in theories of strategy. This chapter also asks two important questions: Given the growing centrality of technology in almost every area of economic life, is a technology strategy view needed? Also, given the rise of uncertainty, is a theory of uncertainty also necessary?

Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Its Subtypes among Chinese Older Adults: Role of Vascular Risk Factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 261-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Ma ◽  
Tianfeng Wu ◽  
Jiangang Zhao ◽  
Lu Ji ◽  
Aili Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Vascular Disorders ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Amnestic Mci ◽  
Multiple Domains

Background/Aims: The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its subtypes among Chinese older adults, and the contribution of vascular risk factors (VRF) and vascular disorders to MCI remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of MCI and its different subtypes, and clarify the role of VRF and vascular diseases in the occurrence of MCI. Methods: A random sample of 5,214 nondementia (DSM-IV) individuals aged ≥65 years underwent neuropsychological assessments and clinical examinations. MCI, including amnestic MCI-single domain (aMCI-SD), amnestic MCI-multiple domains (aMCI-MD), nonamnestic MCI-single domain (naMCI-SD), and nonamnestic MCI-multiple domains (naMCI-MD), was defined according to modifications of the Petersen criteria. VRF (smoking, obesity, and diabetes) and vascular disorders (myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, stroke, and hypertension) were assessed based on information through self-report and medical records. Data were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of MCI was 11.33% (95% CI: 8.21-14.43), and that of aMCI-SD, aMCI-MD, naMCI-SD, and naMCI-MD was 4.48% (95% CI: 2.24-6.74), 2.09% (95% CI: 0.80-3.38), 4.22% (95% CI: 1.38-7.08), and 0.53% (95% CI: 0.32-0.75), respectively. The prevalence of MCI is higher in women than in men. Multivariate logistic regression analysis shows that VRF and vascular diseases were significantly related to increase the odds of MCI and its specific subtype. Conclusions: The prevalence of MCI is almost 11% among Chinese older adults. VRF and vascular disorders are associated with MCI, especially naMCI.

scholarly journals Creative Polymathy and the COVID-19 Crisis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Espindola Araki ◽  
Angela J. Cotellessa
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Dominant Culture ◽  
Complex Problems ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
Creativity And Innovation ◽  
The Relationship

It is increasingly argued that polymathy—vocational and avocational pursuits in multiple domains—is deeply associated with creativity and innovation, and that its development enables the creation of important bridges between otherwise fragmented, dispersed sets of knowledge. Nevertheless, the dominant culture in both industry and academia is still that of narrow specialization. In this paper, we argue that in the context of COVID-19 crisis, with its wicked and transdisciplinary nature, the disciplinary approach of specialization is ill-suited to solve our increasingly complex problems, and that polymathic thinking can be a crucial asset in this regard. Drawing on different literature strands, we first examine the interplay between polymathy and other well-developed constructs in personality and temperament research. We then advance theoretical predictions regarding the relationship between trait polymathy and resilience in the COVID-19 crisis. After that, we discuss learnable strategies that can be used in complex, uncertain and adverse situations, which are associated with development of a more polymathic (broader, deeper and more integrated) set of knowledge. Later, we discuss how it may be possible to better capitalize on the key features of polymathic thinking at the societal level. Finally, we conclude with a reflection on the adequacy of our current institutions for dealing with complex problems, and we underscore the crucial role of polymathic thinking in an increasingly complex and interrelated world.

Urbanizing the Ambient

2017 ◽  
pp. 209-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Patricia McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The People ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Urban Level ◽  
Multiple Domains

The purpose of this chapter is to develop and explore the ambient urbanizing concept as a way to shed light on what happens at the urban level when people become more aware and attuned to smartness and ambience in everyday city spaces. The research design for this work includes a case study approach and multiple methods of quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis. In parallel with this study, anecdotal evidence gathered from individuals across the city through informal individual and group discussions enabled further analysis, comparison, and triangulation of data. This chapter makes a contribution to the research literature across multiple domains; sheds light on the emerging relationships of awareness in the people – technologies – cities dynamic, highlighting the critical role of people, in their everyday urban activities, interactions, and experiences; and offers a proposed ambient urbanizing framework for enriching spaces, things, and designs in smart cities.

Interoception and the autonomic nervous system: Bottom-up meets top-down

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary G. Berntson ◽  
Peter J. Gianaros ◽  
Manos Tsakiris
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Affective Processes ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
Historical Origins

Although the efferent role of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in homeostasis has long been recognized, afferent aspects of the ANS—especially interoception—are increasingly recognized to be equally important. Interoception is fundamental to the regulation of internal physiology, particularly as it is coordinated with contextually determined and adaptive behavioral processes. A cardinal but often underappreciated feature of interoception is its role in myriad cognitive and affective processes that are integrated in health and disease. This chapter introduces the concept of interoception and outlines its historical origins and applications in multiple domains of psychology and psychobiology. It provides an overview of its peripheral and central neural substrates, and it outlines how this construct is best conceptualized within a multi-system and multi-level regulatory framework.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document