scholarly journals Psychometrics in Behavioral Software Engineering: A Methodological Introduction with Guidelines

2022 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Daniel Graziotin ◽  
Per Lenberg ◽  
Robert Feldt ◽  
Stefan Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Software Engineering ◽  
Item Analysis ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Human Aspects ◽  
Psychometric Instruments ◽  
Psychology Theory ◽  
Psychology Literature

A meaningful and deep understanding of the human aspects of software engineering (SE) requires psychological constructs to be considered. Psychology theory can facilitate the systematic and sound development as well as the adoption of instruments (e.g., psychological tests, questionnaires) to assess these constructs. In particular, to ensure high quality, the psychometric properties of instruments need evaluation. In this article, we provide an introduction to psychometric theory for the evaluation of measurement instruments for SE researchers. We present guidelines that enable using existing instruments and developing new ones adequately. We conducted a comprehensive review of the psychology literature framed by the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing. We detail activities used when operationalizing new psychological constructs, such as item pooling, item review, pilot testing, item analysis, factor analysis, statistical property of items, reliability, validity, and fairness in testing and test bias. We provide an openly available example of a psychometric evaluation based on our guideline. We hope to encourage a culture change in SE research towards the adoption of established methods from psychology. To improve the quality of behavioral research in SE, studies focusing on introducing, validating, and then using psychometric instruments need to be more common.

Measuring Parental Barriers to Childhood Immunizations: The Development and Validation of the Searching for Hardships and Obstacles to Shots (SHOTS) Instrument

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria P. Niederhauser
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Item Analysis ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Immunizations ◽  
Reliability Estimates ◽  
Parental Barriers

There is a plethora of literature on barriers to immunizations; however, these studies lack standardization of measurement. The aim of this study was to develop and establish an initial psychometric evaluation of an instrument to measure parental barriers to childhood immunizations. This was a cross-sectional study design. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, reliability estimates, item analysis, and factor analysis. Six hundred and fifty-five participants completed the survey. The Searching for Hardships and Obstacles to Shots instrument was developed with 60 items and reduced to 23 items thorough multiple statistical computations; the best factor model was a three-factor solution (Access to Shots, Concerns About Shots, and Importance of Shots) with a total variance explained of 59.4%. The Cronbach’s alpha reliability estimates ranged from .86 to .93, and temporal stability was adequate (r = .85). This study supports exceptional initial psychometric properties of an instrument to measure parental barriers to childhood immunizations.

scholarly journals Development and Psychometric Evaluation of a Reproductive Health need Assessment Scale for violated Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahrokh Dolatian ◽  
Abbas Ebadi ◽  
Seyedeh Batool Hasanpoor-Azghady ◽  
AnvarSadat Nayebinia
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Item Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Adverse Health Effects

Abstract Violence as a serious health problem and one of the main manifestations of gender inequality brings about adverse health effects for women. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to recognize the reproductive health status of women subjected to violence in order to provide the health services they need. Considering that one of the ways to determine reproductive health status is the use of valid questionnaires in this field, the present study was conducted based on a mixed-method design. The first part of the study (qualitative section) was conducted based on conventional content analysis. In this part, unstructured in-depth interviews were conducted with 18 violated women and 9 experts. In the next stage, the item pool was formed and the Reproductive Health Needs of Violated Women Scale (RHNVWS) was designed based on the review of the literature and the results of the qualitative section with 39 items using the Waltz approach. For psychometric assessment of the above instrument, face and content validity, item analysis, and construct validity were examined using exploratory factor analysis. Based on the results of factor analysis, the four following factors were extracted with a total variance of 47.62: "men's participation", "self-care", "support and health services", as well as "sexual and marital relationships. The internal consistency of the instrument was calculated at α = 0.70–0.89 and α = 0.94 for different constructs and the whole instrument, respectively. Moreover, intra-cluster correlation coefficients were obtained at ICC = 0.96–0.99 and ICC = 0.98 for constructs and the whole instruments, respectively. Based on the results of the current study, the RHNVWS is a tool that specifically assesses the reproductive health needs of violated women and has appropriate validity and reliability. The results of the assessment using the aforementioned instruments can be of great help in promoting the reproductive health of women subjected to violence.

scholarly journals Psychometric evaluation of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ) using item analysis according to the Rasch model

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. e0232030
Author(s):  
Luz Dary Upegui-Arango ◽  
Thomas Forkmann ◽  
Tine Nielsen ◽  
Nina Hallensleben ◽  
Heide Glaesmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rasch Model ◽  
Item Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Interpersonal Needs ◽  
Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire ◽  
The Rasch Model

scholarly journals Narcissitic Personality Disorder Pada Tokoh Elena Dalam Komik Tomodachi Gokko Karya Momochi Reiko

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Komang Triyas Wardhani ◽  
Silvia Damayanti ◽  
Renny Anggraeny
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
High Status ◽  
New School ◽  
Narcissistic Personality ◽  
Ideal Love ◽  
Psychology Theory ◽  
Psychology Literature ◽  
The Impact

The tittle of this research “Narcissitic Personality Disorder at Character Elena Figure in comic Tomodachi Gokko by Momochi Reiko”. The aims of this research are to described NPD Characteristic, the reasons of NPD in character Elena, impact of NPD to Elena and other characters in comic Tomodachi Gokko by Momochi Reiko.The theories that have been used are Wellek and Warren’s literature and psychology theory (2016), Sigmund Freud Narcissism theory (1914), Gunderson’s Narcissitic Personality Disorder (1994), Lajos Egri’s Three Dimensions of Characterrization (1946) and Marcel Danesi’s  semiotic theory (2011). Based on the result, Elena is an early adulthood’s girl who experiences with Narcissistic Personality Disorder. Characteristic of NPD in Elena based on Gunderson, dkk, namely (1) has a grandiose of self-importance and is often envious of others, (2)is preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited success, power, brilliance, beauty, or ideal love. (3) believes that he or she is “special” and unique and can only be understood by, or should associate with, other special or high status people, (4) requires excessive admiration, (5) has a sense of entitlement, (6) is interpersonally exploitative, takes advantage of other to achieve his or her own ends, (7) lacks empathy, and (8) shows arrogant, haughty behaviors or attitudes. The Reason behind Elena’s NPD condition was triggered by her mother, as a child she was often got curse word. The impact of  NPD to Elena were 1) difficulted for her to distinguish between good and bad deeds and she almost lost her own life, and she move to the new school. The impact Elena’s NPD to other people around her were 2) she doing bullying, damaging, and traping for personal gain. Keywords : psychology literature, Narcissistic Personality Disorders, Psychoanalytic  

Guest Editors' Introduction: Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering

IEEE Software ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 17-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleidson R. B. de Souza ◽  
Helen Sharp ◽  
Janice Singer ◽  
Li-Te Cheng ◽  
Gina Venolia
Keyword(s):  
Software Engineering ◽  
Human Aspects

scholarly journals The Birmingham Relationship Continuity Measure: the development and evaluation of a measure of the perceived continuity of spousal relationships in dementia

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard A. Riley ◽  
Gemma Fisher ◽  
Barbara F. Hagger ◽  
Amy Elliott ◽  
Hannah Le Serve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Item Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Discriminative Power ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Relationship Continuity ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Caregiver Grief

ABSTRACTBackground: Qualitative research has suggested that spousal carers of someone with dementia differ in terms of whether they perceive their relationship with that person as continuous with the premorbid relationship or as radically different, and that a perception of continuity may be associated with more person-centered care and the experience of fewer of the negative emotions associated with caring. The aim of the study was to develop and evaluate a quantitative measure of the extent to which spousal carers perceive the relationship to be continuous.Methods: An initial pool of 42 questionnaire items was generated on the basis of the qualitative research about relationship continuity. These were completed by 51 spousal carers and item analysis was used to reduce the pool to 23 items. The retained items, comprising five subscales, were then administered to a second sample of 84 spousal carers, and the questionnaire's reliability, discriminative power, and validity were evaluated.Results: The questionnaire showed good reliability: Cronbach's α for the full scale was 0.947, and test–retest reliability was 0.932. Ferguson's δ was 0.987, indicating good discriminative power. Evidence of construct validity was provided by predicted patterns of subscale correlations with the Closeness and Conflict Scale and the Marwit–Meuser Caregiver Grief Inventory.Conclusion: Initial psychometric evaluation of the measure was encouraging. The measure provides a quantitative means of investigating ideas from qualitative research about the role of relationship continuity in influencing how spousal carers provide care and how they react emotionally to their caring role.

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