scholarly journals Non-Intrusive Distributed Tracing of Wireless IoT Devices with the FlockLab 2 Testbed

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Roman Trüb ◽  
Reto Da Forno ◽  
Lukas Daschinger ◽  
Andreas Biri ◽  
Jan Beutel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Synchronization ◽  
Wireless Devices ◽  
Software Support ◽  
Essential Properties ◽  
Distributed Target ◽  
Code Instrumentation ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Time Critical

Testbeds for wireless IoT devices facilitate testing and validation of distributed target nodes. A testbed usually provides methods to control, observe, and log the execution of the software. However, most of the methods used for tracing the execution require code instrumentation and change essential properties of the observed system. Methods that are non-intrusive are typically not applicable in a distributed fashion due to a lack of time synchronization or necessary hardware/software support. In this article, we present a tracing system for validating time-critical software running on multiple distributed wireless devices that does not require code instrumentation, is non-intrusive and is designed to trace the distributed state of an entire network. For this purpose, we make use of the on-chip debug and trace hardware that is part of most modern microcontrollers. We introduce a testbed architecture as well as models and methods that accurately synchronize the timestamps of observations collected by distributed observers. In a case study, we demonstrate how the tracing system can be applied to observe the distributed state of a flooding-based low-power communication protocol for wireless sensor networks. The presented non-intrusive tracing system is implemented as a service of the publicly accessible open source FlockLab 2 testbed.

scholarly journals A Framework for Identifying Sequences of Interactions That Cause Usability Problems in Collaborative Systems

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
Santos Bringas ◽  
Rafael Duque ◽  
Alicia Nieto-Reyes ◽  
Cristina Tîrnăucă ◽  
José Luis Montaña
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Interactions ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Collaborative Systems ◽  
Software Support ◽  
Shared Spaces ◽  
Usability Problems ◽  
Sport Betting ◽  
Awareness Information ◽  
Collaborative Activities

Collaborative systems support shared spaces, where groups of users exchange interactions. In order to ensure the usability of these systems, an intuitive interactions’ organization and that each user has awareness information to know the activity of others are necessary. Usability laboratories allow evaluators to verify these requirements. However, laboratory usability evaluations can be problematic for reproducing mobile and ubiquitous contexts, as they restrict the place and time in which the user interacts with the system. This paper presents a framework for building software support that it collects human–machine interactions in mobile and ubiquitous contexts and outputs an assessment of the system’s usability. This framework is constructed through learning that is based on neural networks, identifying sequences of interactions related to usability problems when users carry out collaborative activities. The paper includes a case study that puts the framework into action during the development process of a smartphone application that supports collaborative sport betting.

scholarly journals Predictive Maintenance in Building Facilities: A Machine Learning-Based Approach

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1044
Author(s):  
Yassine Bouabdallaoui ◽  
Zoubeir Lafhaj ◽  
Pascal Yim ◽  
Laure Ducoulombier ◽  
Belkacem Bennadji
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Predictive Maintenance ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Building Maintenance ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Iot Devices

The operation and maintenance of buildings has seen several advances in recent years. Multiple information and communication technology (ICT) solutions have been introduced to better manage building maintenance. However, maintenance practices in buildings remain less efficient and lead to significant energy waste. In this paper, a predictive maintenance framework based on machine learning techniques is proposed. This framework aims to provide guidelines to implement predictive maintenance for building installations. The framework is organised into five steps: data collection, data processing, model development, fault notification and model improvement. A sport facility was selected as a case study in this work to demonstrate the framework. Data were collected from different heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) installations using Internet of Things (IoT) devices and a building automation system (BAS). Then, a deep learning model was used to predict failures. The case study showed the potential of this framework to predict failures. However, multiple obstacles and barriers were observed related to data availability and feedback collection. The overall results of this paper can help to provide guidelines for scientists and practitioners to implement predictive maintenance approaches in buildings.

Managing integration in infrastructure alliance projects

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Maija Hietajärvi ◽  
Kirsi Aaltonen ◽  
Harri Haapasalo
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Complex Projects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Project Organizations ◽  
Integration Mechanisms ◽  
Organizational Integration ◽  
Time Critical

Purpose The effective management of inter-organizational integration is central to complex projects. Such projects pose significant challenges for integration, as organizations struggle with constantly changing inter-organizational interdependencies and must develop and adapt integration mechanisms to meet new demands. The purpose of this paper is to understand what kinds of integration mechanisms are used and how they are developed and adjusted during the infrastructure alliance projects. Design/methodology/approach This study provides empirical evidence of integration dynamics in project alliancing by analyzing two infrastructure alliance projects – a complex tunnel construction project and a railway renovation project. The research approach is an inductive case study. Findings This paper identifies integration mechanisms adopted in two case projects and three central triggers that led to changes in the integration mechanisms: project lifecycle phase, unexpected events and project team’s learning during the project. Practical implications Integration capability should be a precondition for alliance project organizations and requires the adoption of a wide range of integration mechanisms, as well as an ability to adjust those mechanisms in response to everyday dynamics and emergent situations. Originality/value Although unplanned contingencies and the responses to them represent important influences in organizations, there is limited amount of research on the dynamics of integration. The findings will be of value in supporting the management of inter-organizational integration in complex, uncertain and time-critical construction projects.

Development of software support for process FMEA: a case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 415
Author(s):  
S. Karthik Bharathi ◽  
S. Vinodh ◽  
N. Gopi
Keyword(s):  
Software Support

Hardware/software support for adaptive work-stealing in on-chip multiprocessor

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 392-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quentin Meunier ◽  
Frédéric Pétrot ◽  
Jean-Louis Roch
Keyword(s):  
Chip Multiprocessor ◽  
Work Stealing ◽  
Software Support ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Adaptive Work

Optimized System-Level Design Methods for NoC-Based Many Core Embedded Systems

2014 ◽  
pp. 150-179
Author(s):  
Haoyuan Ying ◽  
Klaus Hofmann ◽  
Thomas Hollstein
Keyword(s):  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Design Optimization ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
System Level ◽  
System Level Design ◽  
Level Design ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Many Core

Due to the growing demand on high performance and low power in embedded systems, many core architectures are proposed the most suitable solutions. While the design concentration of many core embedded systems is switching from computation-centric to communication-centric, Network-on-Chip (NoC) is one of the best interconnect techniques for such architectures because of the scalability and high communication bandwidth. Formalized and optimized system-level design methods for NoC-based many core embedded systems are desired to improve the system performance and to reduce the power consumption. In order to understand the design optimization methods in depth, a case study of optimizing many core embedded systems based on 3-Dimensional (3D) NoC with irregular vertical link distribution topology through task mapping, core placement, routing, and topology generation is demonstrated in this chapter. Results of cycle-accurate simulation experiments prove the validity and efficiency of the design methods. Specific to the case study configuration, in maximum 60% vertical links can be saved while maintaining the system efficiency in comparison to full vertical link connection 3D NoCs by applying the design optimization methods.

Electronic Business over Wireless Device

2011 ◽  
pp. 384-396
Author(s):  
Richi Nayak ◽  
Anurag Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Electronic Business ◽  
Wireless Devices ◽  
Business Applications ◽  
Wireless Device ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Voice

Research and practices in electronic businesses over wireless devices have recently seen an exponential growth. This chapter presents the basic concepts necessary to understand m-business applications and a case study of the voice driven airline-ticketing system that can be accessed at any time, anywhere by mobile phones. This application offers maximum functionality while still maintaining a high level of user convenience in terms of input and navigation.

scholarly journals A Durable Hybrid RAM Disk with a Rapid Resilience for Sustainable IoT Devices

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Hoon Baek ◽  
Ki-Woong Park
Keyword(s):  
Storage System ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Solid State Drive ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Disk Storage ◽  
Block Level ◽  
Iot Platforms ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Time Critical

Flash-based storage is considered to be a de facto storage module for sustainable Internet of things (IoT) platforms under a harsh environment due to its relatively fast speed and operational stability compared to disk storage. Although their performance is considerably faster than disk-based mechanical storage devices, the read and write latency still could not catch up with that of Random-access memory (RAM). Therefore, RAM could be used as storage devices or systems for time-critical IoT applications. Despite such advantages of RAM, a RAM-based storage system has limitations in its use for sustainable IoT devices due to its nature of volatile storage. As a remedy to this problem, this paper presents a durable hybrid RAM disk enhanced with a new read interface. The proposed durable hybrid RAM disk is designed for sustainable IoT devices that require not only high read/write performance but also data durability. It includes two performance improvement schemes: rapid resilience with a fast initialization and direct byte read (DBR). The rapid resilience with a fast initialization shortens the long booting time required to initialize the durable hybrid RAM disk. The new read interface, DBR, enables the durable hybrid RAM disk to bypass the disk cache, which is an overhead in RAM-based storages. DBR performs byte–range I/O, whereas direct I/O requires block-range I/O; therefore, it provides a more efficient interface than direct I/O. The presented schemes and device were implemented in the Linux kernel. Experimental evaluations were performed using various benchmarks at the block level till the file level. In workloads where reads and writes were mixed, the durable hybrid RAM disk showed 15 times better performance than that of Solid-state drive (SSD) itself.

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