Editorial Introduction - GROUP 2022 Second Wave

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (GROUP) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Eric P. S. Baumer ◽  
Naja L. Holten Møller ◽  
Cleidson R. B. de Souza ◽  
Casey Fiesler ◽  
Aparecido Fabiano Pinatti de Carvalho ◽  
...  

For over a quarter century, GROUP has offered a premier yet intimate and welcoming venue for agenda-setting, diverse research. Although the traditional focus of the conference is on supporting group work, it has expanded to include research from computer-supported cooperative work, sociotechnical studies, practice-centered computing, human-computer interaction, computersupported collaborative learning, participatory technology design, and other related areas. The work presented in this issue embodies that interdisciplinary ethos. Papers in this issue cover a wide range topics, from human-AI collaboration, to collaboration in virtual reality, to perceptions of privacy and security, to the myriad impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The application domains are similarly wide ranging, from health data, to civic engagement, to educational settings, to government provision of social services. Similar to the 2021 issue, this issue also continues the tradition of design fiction at GROUP. This issue of PACM:HCI brings you papers from the planned 2022 ACMConference on Supporting Group Work (GROUP 2022). Typically, the GROUP conference occurs every two years. However, research developments do not necessarily follow conference deadline cycles. Thus, the GROUP conference offers authors the opportunity to submit to multiple waves. The first wave of papers for this conference were published in July 2021 in Volume 5 of PACM:HCI, and papers from this current issue were first submitted in May 2021. Both of these sets of papers published as part of the planned GROUP 2022 conference were authored and reviewed during the COVID-19 pandemic. These papers represent commendable volumes of hard work and resilience, not just from the authors, but also from the reviewers, the program committee, and the conference organizers. Additionally, the pandemic forced a major change to the conference at which these papers will be presented.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 70-71
Author(s):  
Jennifer Crittenden

Abstract Professionals who work with grandparents raising grandchildren have cross-cutting training needs that span content in gerontology, social services, child welfare and program development. To address these needs, a unique, asynchronous, online continuing education program was launched by the UMaine Center on Aging. To-date the program has 177 individual program completers with learners from across the U.S. and Hong Kong that are affiliated with a diverse set of organizations and perform a wide range of professional and lay functions. Participant data indicate that the program has appealed to a wide variety of learners including participants who serve caregivers generally (60.8%) and grandparents raising grandchildren specifically (81%). A small majority (55.6%) of the agency-based learners reported serving, on average, more than 40 grandfamilies annually. Self-reported learning levels were notable ranging from a mean low of 3.46 out of 4 points (N = 157, SD = 0.59) for the volunteer recruitment and mentorship programming module to a mean high of 3.79 (N = 167 ,SD = 0.45) for the caregiver self-care module. Evaluation results from the first seven learner cohorts underscore the efficacy of program content as well as the utility of performing an initial program needs assessment to guide curriculum development. Practice implications for future continuing education efforts targeting grandfamilies professionals and lay leaders include: the need for easily accessible online education in combination with supplemental training opportunities addressing topics such as the long-term impact of substance use disorder and trauma combined with locally relevant content on grandfamilies and legal resources.


1993 ◽  
Vol 07 (23n24) ◽  
pp. 4145-4164 ◽  
Author(s):  
JING-DONG GUO ◽  
M. STANLEY WHITTINGHAM

The tungsten oxides and bronzes have been extensively studied since their discovery in the last century, because of their brilliant colors and high electrical conductivity. More recently the driving interest resulted from their potential use in electrochromic displays and other electrochemical systems. Their crystalline structures are generally based on the corner sharing of WO 6 octahedra giving tunnels of variable size and shape leading to exciting intercalation chemistry. These structures readily undergo redox reactions, and in the last quarter century these reactions have often involved soft chemistry. Most recently hydrothermal techniques have been used to prepare new sodium tungstates with the hexagonal tungsten bronze and the pyrochlore structures. The phase formed is a function of the pH of the reaction medium. The pyrochlore phase readily undergoes ion-exchange with a wide range of monovalent cations giving the compounds, M x W 2 O 6+x/2 · y H 2 O ; the value of y is strongly dependent on the identity of the cation, M. WO 3 with the pyrochlore structure could be formed from the hydronium and ammonium complexes. Lithium can be readily intercalated either chemically and electrochemically into both these phases, just as in the previously-known bronze phases. Surprisingly more lithium is incorporated in most cases in the hexagonal than in the pyrochlore phase. The ions in the pyrochlore structure show rapid ionic mobility, with the hydronium ion showing the greatest mobility.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Hembre ◽  
Julie V. Early ◽  
Joshua Odingo ◽  
Catherine Shelton ◽  
Olena Anoshchenko ◽  
...  

The identification and development of new anti-tubercular agents are a priority research area. We identified the trifluoromethyl pyrimidinone series of compounds in a whole-cell screen against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Fifteen primary hits had minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) with good potency IC90 is the concentration at which M. tuberculosis growth is inhibited by 90% (IC90 < 5 μM). We conducted a structure–activity relationship investigation for this series. We designed and synthesized an additional 44 molecules and tested all analogs for activity against M. tuberculosis and cytotoxicity against the HepG2 cell line. Substitution at the 5-position of the pyrimidinone with a wide range of groups, including branched and straight chain alkyl and benzyl groups, resulted in active molecules. Trifluoromethyl was the preferred group at the 6-position, but phenyl and benzyl groups were tolerated. The 2-pyridyl group was required for activity; substitution on the 5-position of the pyridyl ring was tolerated but not on the 6-position. Active molecules from the series demonstrated low selectivity, with cytotoxicity against eukaryotic cells being an issue. However, there were active and non-cytotoxic molecules; the most promising molecule had an MIC (IC90) of 4.9 μM with no cytotoxicity (IC50 > 100 μM). The series was inactive against Gram-negative bacteria but showed good activity against Gram-positive bacteria and yeast. A representative molecule from this series showed rapid concentration-dependent bactericidal activity against replicating M. tuberculosis bacilli with ~4 log kill in <7 days. Overall the biological properties were promising, if cytotoxicity could be reduced. There is scope for further medicinal chemistry optimization to improve the properties without major change in structural features.


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Cidro ◽  
Caroline Doenmez ◽  
Stephanie Sinclair ◽  
Alexandra Nychuk ◽  
Larissa Wodtke ◽  
...  

Abstract Objective In the past few years, increasing numbers of Indigenous doula collectives have been forming across Canada. Indigenous doulas provide continuous, culturally appropriate support to Indigenous women during pregnancy, birth, and the post-partum period. This support is critical to counter systemic medical racism and socioeconomic barriers that Indigenous families disproportionately face. This paper analyzes interviews with members of five Indigenous doula collectives to demonstrate their shared challenges, strategies, and missions. Methods Qualitative interviews were conducted with members of five Indigenous doula collectives across Canada in 2020. Interviews were transcribed and returned to participants for their approval. Approved transcripts were then coded by all members of the research team to ascertain the dominant themes emerging across the interviews. Results Two prominent themes emerged in the interviews. The first theme is “Indigenous doulas responding to community needs.” Participants indicated that responding to community needs involves harm reduction and trauma-informed care, supporting cultural aspects of birthing and family, and helping clients navigate socioeconomic barriers. The second theme is “Indigenous doulas building connections with mothers.” Participants’ comments on providing care to mothers emphasize the importance of advocacy in healthcare systems, boosting their clients’ confidence and skills, and being the “right” doula for their clients. These two inter-related themes stem from Indigenous doulas’ efforts to counter dynamics in healthcare and social services that can be harmful to Indigenous families, while also integrating cultural teachings and practices. Conclusion This paper illustrates that Indigenous doula care responds to a wide range of issues that affect Indigenous women’s experiences of pregnancy, birth, and the post-partum period. Through building strong, trusting, and non-judgemental connections with mothers and responding to community needs, Indigenous doulas play a critical role in countering medical racism in hospital settings and advancing the resurgence of Indigenous birthing sovereignty.


Author(s):  
James Mowle

IntroductionThe Census is the largest statistical collection undertaken by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), with its data critical to informing the planning and delivery of Government and community services. While the Census measure of income supports a wide range of analysis, demand exists for additional income topics to complement and extend the range of socio economic analysis that can be undertaken. The ABS has recently developed three experimental income topics for the 2016 Census using linked administrative data: main source of income; main source of government payments; and previous financial year income. Objectives and ApproachThis research utilised administrative data integrated by the ABS for the Multi-Agency Data Integration Project (MADIP). Taxation data from the Australian Taxation Office (ATO) and social security data from the Department of Social Services (DSS) were used in conjunction with the 2016 Census data to derive the additional topics. ResultsOverall, the three measures compare relatively closely to similar measures from the ABS Survey of Income and Housing (SIH). The ‘Main source of income’ and ‘Main source of government payments’ measures exhibit similar distributions to those from the SIH. The ‘Previous financial year income’ measures compare more closely with Census and SIH at the higher end of the income distribution, with some differences apparent at the lower end of the income distribution. Conclusion / ImplicationsThis work demonstrates the potential to supplement and enhance existing Census topics with linked administrative data. Further research, development and consultation with data users and the Australian community is needed.


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