Inflammation and metabolism gene sets in subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue are altered 1 hour after exercise in adults with obesity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison C. Ludzki ◽  
Michael W. Schleh ◽  
Emily M. Krueger ◽  
Natalie M. Taylor ◽  
Benjamin J. Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
Gene Sets ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Subcutaneous Abdominal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Metabolism Gene

Although the health benefits of exercise in adults with obesity are well described, the direct effects of exercise on adipose tissue that may lead to improved metabolic health are poorly understood. The primary aims of this study were to perform an unbiased analysis of the subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue transcriptomic response to acute exercise in adults with obesity, and to compare the effects of moderate-intensity continuous exercise vs. high-intensity interval exercise on this response. Twenty-nine adults with obesity performed a session of either high-intensity interval exercise (HI; 10x1 min at 90 %HRpeak, 1min recovery between intervals; n=14) or moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MI; 45 min at 70 %HRpeak; n=15). Groups were well-matched for BMI (HI 33±3 vs. MI 33±4 kg/m2), sex (HI: 9 women vs. MI: 10 women), and age (HI: 32±6 vs. MI: 29±5). Subcutaneous adipose tissue was collected before and 1 hour after the session of HI or MI, and samples were processed for RNA sequencing. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed 7 of 21 gene sets enriched post-exercise overlapped between HI and MI. Interestingly, both HI and MI upregulated gene sets involved in inflammation (IL6-JAK-STAT3 signaling, allograft rejection, TNFA signaling via NFKB, and inflammatory response; FDR q-value<0.25). Exercise also downregulated adipogenic and oxidative metabolism gene sets in both groups. Overall, these data suggest genes involved in subcutaneous adipose tissue metabolism and inflammation may be an important part of the initial response after a session of exercise.

scholarly journals Effect of an Endurance and Strength Mixed Circuit Training on Regional Fat Thickness: The Quest for the “Spot Reduction”

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3845
Author(s):  
Antonio Paoli ◽  
Andrea Casolo ◽  
Matteo Saoncella ◽  
Carlo Bertaggia ◽  
Marco Fantin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Circuit Training ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Traditional Resistance Training ◽  
Subcutaneous Abdominal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Training Protocol

Accumulation of adipose tissue in specific body areas is related to many physiological and hormonal variables. Spot reduction (SR) is a training protocol aimed to stimulate lipolysis locally, even though this training protocol has not been extensively studied in recent years. Thus, the present study sought to investigate the effect of a circuit-training SR on subcutaneous adipose tissue in healthy adults. Methods: Fourteen volunteers were randomly assigned to spot reduction (SR) or to a traditional resistance training (RT) protocol. Body composition via bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and subcutaneous adipose tissue via skinfold and ultrasound were measured before and after eight weeks of training. Results: SR significantly reduced body mass (p < 0.05) and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (p < 0.05). Conclusions: circuit-training SR may be an efficient strategy to reduce in a localized manner abdominal subcutaneous fat tissue depot.

scholarly journals Appetite and gut hormone responses to moderate-intensity continuous exercise versus high-intensity interval exercise, in normoxic and hypoxic conditions

Appetite ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Bailey ◽  
Lindsey R. Smith ◽  
Bryna C. Chrismas ◽  
Lee Taylor ◽  
David J. Stensel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Gut Hormone ◽  
Hormone Responses ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Acute effect of high-intensity interval exercise and moderate-intensity continuous exercise on appetite in overweight/obese males: a pilot study

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Araújo Ferreira Matos ◽  
Daniel Costa de Souza ◽  
Rodrigo Alberto Vieira Browne ◽  
Victor Oliveira Albuquerque dos Santos ◽  
Eduardo Caldas Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Effects of a single session of high-intensity interval exercise and moderate-intensity continuous exercise on biochemical cardiovascular risk factors in obese males

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Trussardi Fayh ◽  
Victor Araújo Ferreira Matos ◽  
Daniel Costa de Souza ◽  
Victor Oliveira Albuquerque dos Santos ◽  
Cristiane da Silva Ramos Marinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Interval

High-intensity interval exercise promotes post-exercise hypotension of greater magnitude compared to moderate-intensity continuous exercise

2019 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 1235-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia C. Pimenta ◽  
Fábio Tanil Montrezol ◽  
Victor Zuniga Dourado ◽  
Luís Fernando Marcelino da Silva ◽  
Gabriela Alves Borba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Post Exercise Hypotension

scholarly journals High-intensity interval exercise induces greater acute changes in sleep, appetite-related hormones, and free-living energy intake than does moderate-intensity continuous exercise

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 557-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penelope Larsen ◽  
Frank Marino ◽  
Kerri Melehan ◽  
Kym J. Guelfi ◽  
Rob Duffield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Sleep Stages ◽  
Acylated Ghrelin ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Interval

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on sleep characteristics, appetite-related hormones, and eating behaviour. Eleven overweight, inactive men completed 2 consecutive nights of sleep assessments to determine baseline (BASE) sleep stages and arousals recorded by polysomnography (PSG). On separate afternoons (1400–1600 h), participants completed a 30-min exercise bout: either (i) MICE (60% peak oxygen consumption) or (ii) HIIE (60 s of work at 100% peak oxygen consumption: 240 s of rest at 50% peak oxygen consumption), in a randomised order. Measures included appetite-related hormones (acylated ghrelin, leptin, and peptide tyrosine tyrosine) and glucose before exercise, 30 min after exercise, and the next morning after exercise; PSG sleep stages; and actigraphy (sleep quantity and quality); in addition, self-reported sleep and food diaries were recorded until 48 h after exercise. There were no between-trial differences for time in bed (p = 0.19) or total sleep time (p = 0.99). After HIIE, stage N3 sleep was greater (21% ± 7%) compared with BASE (18% ± 7%; p = 0.02). In addition, the number of arousals during rapid eye movement sleep were lower after HIIE (7 ± 5) compared with BASE (11 ± 7; p = 0.05). Wake after sleep onset was lower following MICE (41 min) compared with BASE (56 min; p = 0.02). Acylated ghrelin was lower and glucose was higher at 30 min after HIIE when compared with MICE (p ≤ 0.05). There were no significant differences between conditions in terms of total energy intake (p ≥ 0.05). HIIE appears to be more beneficial than MICE for improving sleep quality and inducing favourable transient changes in appetite-related hormones in overweight, inactive men. However, energy intake was not altered regardless of exercise intensity.

Greater impact of acute high-intensity interval exercise on post-exercise executive function compared to moderate-intensity continuous exercise

2016 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 224-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayato Tsukamoto ◽  
Tadashi Suga ◽  
Saki Takenaka ◽  
Daichi Tanaka ◽  
Tatsuya Takeuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Interval

scholarly journals SUN-LB106 The Transcriptomic Evidences on Role of Abdominal Visceral vs. Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in the Pathophysiology of Diabetes in Asian Indian Indicates the Involvement of Both

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kumar Mathur ◽  
Anshul Kumar ◽  
Pradeep tiwari ◽  
aditya Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Asian Indians ◽  
Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Statistical Comparison ◽  
Gene Sets ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Abstract Introduction: Asian Indians show “thin fat phenotype” characterized by higher visceral adipose tissue(VAT) and lower subcutaneous adipose tissue(SAT) mass and their higher cardio-metabolic risk has been attributed to this fat distribution. However, the underlying molecular pathology and role of these adipose depots in the pathogenesis of T2D in them remains unknown.Hypothesis: The comparison of transcription profiles of abdominal VAT and SAT and their correlation with diabetes related intermediate phenotypic traits could shed some light on their role in the pathophysiology of diabetes.MethodologySubjects: 19 diabetics (M: F ratio, 8:11) and 16 age and BMI matched controls (M: F ratio 5:11) undergoing abdominal surgery (non-malignant and non-infective conditions).Clinical Parameters: Anthropometry, Serum glucose, insulin, HOMA-R, HbA1c, lipid profile, FFA, adipocytokines. Abdominal VAT, SAT and liver fat were estimated by MRI.Adipose tissue biopsy: SAT and VAT samples were taken during surgery. Genome-wide gene expression profiling of these biopsies was performed using Affymetrix GeneChipPrimeView® arrays. The data was submitted to NCBI-GEO (Accession # GSE78721). Selected genes were validated by qPCR. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) for functional and Weighted Gene Correlation Analysis (WGCNA) for statistical comparison was done.Results:Diabetics had higher waist circumference (p=0.05), HOMA-R (p=0.0002), Visceral fat content (p=0.02) and adipocyte size (p=0.02)GSEA: diabetics vs. controls: In VAT 16 gene sets were upregulated (FDR &lt; 25%) enriching various immune system and inflammation-related pathways. In SAT too, various inflammatory genes were upregulated however they were statistically non-significant (FDR &gt; 25%). Moreover, 12 out of 16 significantly enriched pathways in VAT were among the top 20 pathways in SAT. GSEA in diabetics: VAT vs SAT: None of the gene sets were found significant at FDR &lt; 25% which substantiated our hypothesis that overall pathophysioloigcal alteration in both depots are similar. WGCNA for statistical comparison of VAT and SAT depots The correlation between measures of average gene expression and overall connectivity between both depots was significantly positive. Several modules of co-expressed genes in both VAT and SAT showed positive as well as negative correlation with various intermediate phenotypic traits of diabetes. In both depots they enriched several pathways otherwise known to be associated with pathological adipose tissue like inflammation, adipogenesis etc. Conclusions In Asian Indians, diabetes pathology inflicts similar molecular alternations in VAT and SAT, which are more intense in the former. The role of both adipose depots in the pathophysiology of diabetes is along similar lines and they enrich several molecular pathways which are otherwise known to be implicated in pathological adipose tissue.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Sustainability Effects of High-Intensity Interval Exercise and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise on Cognitive Flexibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9631
Author(s):  
Shudong Tian ◽  
Hong Mou ◽  
Qun Fang ◽  
Xiaoxiao Zhang ◽  
Fanying Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Sustained Effects ◽  
High Intensity Interval

This study examined the immediate and sustained effects of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on cognitive flexibility in young adults. Participants (n = 56) engaged in (1) a session of HIIE, involving 10 sets of one-minute treadmill running at an intensity targeting 90% heart rate reserve (HRR) interspersed with self-paced walking at 50% HRR; (2) a session of MICE, involving a 20 min treadmill running at an intensity of 40–59% HRR; and (3) a control session, involving 24 min of resting on separate days in a counterbalanced order. Using a more-odd shifting task, cognitive flexibility was assessed before the intervention (t0), immediately after the session (t1), and then at 30 min (t2) after the session. During the more-odd shifting task, the switch cost of response time (RT) immediately after the HIIE was significantly reduced compared to that before exercise, suggesting beneficial effects on cognitive flexibility. Additionally, the impacts of HIIE were maintained for 30 min post-exercise. However, improved cognitive flexibility was not observed until 30 min after the MICE intervention. HIIE might represent a time-efficient approach for enhancing cognitive flexibility.

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