scholarly journals Analysis of Closure Characteristics of a MEMS Omnidirectional Inertial Switch under Shock Loads

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Cao ◽  
Zhanwen Xi ◽  
Jiong Wang ◽  
Weirong Nie

A preliminary theoretical method for calculating contact time of a dual mass-spring system applied to shock acceleration was proposed based on the MEMS omnidirectional inertial switch. The influence of relevant parameters on the contact time was analyzed, and the theoretical results were in agreement with the simulation predictions. The theoretical method could provide the design of MEMS inertial switch for prolonged contact time. The system stiffness of the mass-spring system in all directions was obtained by using the FE method. Dynamic contact simulation results of contact time in typical directions under the applied shock acceleration indicate that the switch has a contact time within the range of 33 μs to 95 μs and has an enhanced contact effect with the dual mass-spring system in the MEMS inertial switch. The fabricated switches were tested by a shock test device. The results show that the switch can be reliably closed in all directions under the applied shock acceleration and has a long contact time, which is basically in accordance with the theoretical results.

Author(s):  
Y. Cao ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
Z. W. Xi ◽  
W. R. Nie ◽  
X. J. Wang ◽  
...  

A MEMS omnidirectional inertial switch was designed and fabricated based on non-silicon surface micromachining technology. The switch consists of mass-spring system, flexible radial electrodes and axial electrode. It has omnidirectional sensitivities in a half sphere. The modal analysis of the switch was performed. The system stiffness of the mass-spring system and the response displacement of the mass in all directions under the applied shock acceleration of 450g was obtained by using the FE method, as a result, the switch has good omnidirectional performance and small distributed threshold acceleration. The fabricated switches were tested by a shock test device. The results show that the threshold acceleration of the switches is within the range of 270g to 450g. As an acceleration exceeding the threshold value acting along the X-axis or Z-axis, the switch can be reliably closed and have a long contact time.


Author(s):  
Y. Terumichi ◽  
M. Ohtsuka ◽  
Y. Fukawa ◽  
M. Yoshizawa ◽  
Y. Tsujioka

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to study the nonstationary vibrations of a string with time-varying length, and a mass-spring system attached at the lower end. The string is excited sinusoidally by the horizontal displacement at its upper end and the mass-spring system has two-degrees-of-freedom vertically and horizontally. It is clarified analytically that the moving velocity of the string influences the peak amplitude of the string vibration at the passage through resonances. Moreover it is shown numerically that the amplitudes of both the string and the mass vibrations depend on the sign of the moving velocity, in the case where the natural frequency of the mass-spring system is close to the frequency of the excitation. The above two theoretical results are confirmed experimentally with a simple experimental setup.


2012 ◽  
Vol 472-475 ◽  
pp. 827-830
Author(s):  
Bin Zhu ◽  
Zhuo Qing Yang ◽  
Wen Guo Chen ◽  
Qi Fa Liu ◽  
Gui Fu Ding ◽  
...  

A novel inertial micro-switch with polymer-metal composite fixed electrode has been designed based on non-silicon surface micromachining technology. The micro-switch can sense the applied accelerations from positive z-axis. It can realize a flexible contact between the electrodes, eliminate the bouncing phenomenon and prolong the contact time. The dynamic contact simulation of the micro-switch has been implemented under the half-sine wave shock with 80g peak value, and its vertical response time is about ~80μs.


Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 791
Author(s):  
Wenguo Chen ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Huiying Wang ◽  
Dejian Kong ◽  
Shulei Sun

In this work, to evaluate the influence of the threshold on the dynamic contact process, five models (number 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) with different thresholds were proposed and fabricated with surface micromachining technology. The contact time and response time were used to characterize the dynamic contact performance. The dynamic contact processes of the inertial switches with gradually increasing thresholds were researched using analytical, simulation, and experimental methods. The basic working principle analysis of the inertial switch shows that the contact time of the inertial switch with a low-g value can be extended by using a simply supported beam as the fixed electrode, but the high-G inertial needs more elasticity for fixed electrode. The simulation results indicate that the response time and contact time decrease with the increment in the designed threshold. Prototypes were tested using a dropping hammer system, and the test result indicates that the contact time of the inertial switch with a fixed electrode of the simply supported beam is about 15 and 5 μs when the threshold is about 280 and 580 g, respectively. Meanwhile, the contact time can be extended to 100 μs for the inertial switch using a spring as the fixed electrode when the threshold is about 280 and 580 g. These test results not only prove that the spring fixed electrode can effectively extend the contact time, but also prove that the style of the fixed electrode is the deciding factor affecting the contact time of the high-G inertial switch.


2012 ◽  
Vol 331 (11) ◽  
pp. 2520-2531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyuho Lee ◽  
Yonghyeon Cho ◽  
Jintai Chung

NANO ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 1550024 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kamal Jalali ◽  
M. Hassan Naei ◽  
Nicola Maria Pugno

Application of single layered graphene sheets (SLGSs) as resonant sensors in detection of ultra-fine nanoparticles (NPs) is investigated via molecular dynamics (MD) and nonlocal elasticity approaches. To take into consideration the effect of geometric nonlinearity, nonlocality and atomic interactions between SLGSs and NPs, a nonlinear nonlocal plate model carrying an attached mass-spring system is introduced and a combination of pseudo-spectral (PS) and integral quadrature (IQ) methods is proposed to numerically determine the frequency shifts caused by the attached metal NPs. In MD simulations, interactions between carbon–carbon, metal–metal and metal–carbon atoms are described by adaptive intermolecular reactive empirical bond order (AIREBO) potential, embedded atom method (EAM), and Lennard–Jones (L–J) potential, respectively. Nonlocal small-scale parameter is calibrated by matching frequency shifts obtained by nonlocal and MD simulation approaches with same vibration amplitude. The influence of nonlinearity, nonlocality and distribution of attached NPs on frequency shifts and sensitivity of the SLGS sensors are discussed in detail.


2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkata K. Yadalam ◽  
B. F. Feeny

A method of modal analysis by a mass-weighted proper orthogonal decomposition for multi-degree-of-freedom and distributed-parameter systems of arbitrary mass distribution is outlined. The method involves reduced-order modeling of the system mass distribution so that the discretized mass matrix dimension matches the number of sensed quantities, and hence the dimension of the response ensemble and correlation matrix. In this case, the linear interpolation of unsensed displacements is used to reduce the size of the mass matrix. The idea is applied to the modal identification of a mass-spring system and an exponential rod.


2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 659-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. V. P. Sacramento ◽  
M. P. Ferreira ◽  
D. R. C. Oliveira ◽  
G. S. S. A. Melo

Punching strength is a critical point in the design of flat slabs and due to the lack of a theoretical method capable of explaining this phenomenon, empirical formulations presented by codes of practice are still the most used method to check the bearing capacity of slab-column connections. This paper discusses relevant aspects of the development of flat slabs, the factors that influence the punching resistance of slabs without shear reinforcement and makes comparisons between the experimental results organized in a database with 74 slabs carefully selected with theoretical results using the recommendations of ACI 318, EUROCODE 2 and NBR 6118 and also through the Critical Shear Crack Theory, presented by Muttoni (2008) and incorporated the new fib Model Code (2010).


2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1228-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
I-Liang Chern ◽  
Joung-Dong Kim ◽  
Xiaolin Li

AbstractWe use front tracking data structures and functions to model the dynamic evolution of fabric surface. We represent the fabric surface by a triangulated mesh with preset equilibrium side length. The stretching and wrinkling of the surface are modeled by the mass-spring system. The external driving force is added to the fabric motion through the “Impulse method” which computes the velocity of the point mass by superposition of momentum. The mass-spring system is a nonlinear ODE system. Added by the numerical and computational analysis, we show that the spring system has an upper bound of the eigen frequency. We analyzed the system by considering two spring models and we proved in one case that all eigenvalues are imaginary and there exists an upper bound for the eigen-frequency This upper bound plays an important role in determining the numerical stability and accuracy of the ODE system. Based on this analysis, we analyzed the numerical accuracy and stability of the nonlinear spring mass system for fabric surface and its tangential and normal motion. We used the fourth order Runge-Kutta method to solve the ODE system and showed that the time step is linearly dependent on the mesh size for the system.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Rosa Virginia Hernández ◽  
Luis Fernando Mariño ◽  
Mawency Vergel

En este artículo se presenta la caracterización del conocimiento semántico evidenciado por un grupo de estudiantes en la representación externa a problemas de ecuaciones diferenciales lineales de segundo orden como modelos matemáticos. El trabajo fue cuantitativo de tipo exploratorio y descriptivo utilizando un cuestionario en la recolección de información. El soporte teórico que dio sentido al estudio fue el modelo de dos etapas propuesto por Mayer R. para la resolución de problemas matemáticos, el ciclo de modelación bajo la perspectiva cognitiva según Borromeo Ferri y la teoría de las representaciones de Goldin y Kaput. La investigación se centró específicamente en la fase de representación del modelo. Entre los principales hallazgos se destaca que cada participante hace su propia representación externa a conceptos como: sistema masa-resorte, peso, masa, punto de equilibrio, constante de elasticidad, punto de equilibrio, ley de Hooke, fuerza amortiguadora, fuerza externa, ley de Newton, entre otros. Se evidencian también dificultades en el tránsito del lenguaje natural al lenguaje matemático y la representación externa de cada una de los signos, símbolos o expresiones matemáticas inmersas en el problema de palabra, debido a que el resolutor tiene que construir un modelo mental de la situación real y plasmarlo en un modelo matemático. Lo anterior pone de manifiesto la importancia que tiene el conocimiento semántico en la etapa de traducción cuando se intentan resolver problemas como situaciones reales a modelar.Palabras clave: resolución de problemas, ciclos de modelación, problemas de palabra, representaciones externas, conocimiento extra matemático, modelación matemática. AbstractThis article presents the characterization of the semantic knowledge evidenced by a group of students in the external representation to problems of second order linear differential equations as mathematical models. The work was quantitative exploratory and descriptive using a questionnaire in the collection of information. The theoretical support that gave meaning to the study was the two-stage model proposed by Mayer R. for solving mathematical problems, the modeling cycle under the cognitive perspective according to Borromeo Ferri and the theory of representations of Goldin and Kaput. The research focused specifically on the representation phase of the model. Among the main findings is that each participant makes his own external representation to concepts such as: mass-spring system, weight, mass, equilibrium point, constant of elasticity, equilibrium point, Hooke's law, damping force, external force, law of Newton, among others. Difficulties are also evident in the transition from natural language to mathematical language and the external representation of each of the signs, symbols or mathematical expressions involved in the word problem, because the resolver has to construct a mental model of the real situation and translate it into a mathematical model. This demonstrates the importance of semantic knowledge in the translation stage when trying to solve problems as real situations to be modeledKeywords: problem solving, modeling cycles, word problems, external representations, extra mathematical knowledge, mathematical modeling.ResumoEste artigo apresenta a caracterização do conhecimento semântico evidenciado por um grupo de estudantes na representação externa a problemas de equações diferenciais lineares de segunda ordem como modelos matemáticos. O trabalho foi quantitativo exploratório e descritivo usando um questionário na coleta de informações. O suporte teórico que deu sentido ao estudo foi o modelo de dois estágios proposto por Mayer R. para resolver problemas matemáticos, o ciclo de modelagem sob a perspectiva cognitiva de acordo com Borromeo Ferri e a teoria das representações de Goldin e Kaput. A pesquisa focalizou especificamente a fase de representação do modelo. Entre os principais achados, cada participante faz sua própria representação externa para conceitos como: sistema de massa-mola, peso, massa, ponto de equilíbrio, constante de elasticidade, ponto de equilíbrio, lei de Hooke, força de amortecimento, força externa, lei de Newton, entre outros. As dificuldades também são evidentes na transição da linguagem natural para a linguagem matemática e a representação externa de cada um dos signos, símbolos ou expressões matemáticas envolvidas na palavra problema, porque o resolvedor tem que construir um modelo mental da situação real e traduzi-lo para um modelo matemático. Isso demonstra a importância do conhecimento semântico na fase de tradução ao tentar resolver problemas como situações reais a serem modeladas. ______________________________________________________ Palavras-chave: resolução de problemas, ciclos de modelagem, problemas de palavra, representação externa, conhecimento extra matemático, modelagem matemática


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document