scholarly journals On Analysis and Computation of Degree-Based Topological Invariants for Cyclic Mesh Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Nida Zahra ◽  
Muhammad Ibrahim ◽  
Muhammad Kamran Siddiqui ◽  
Hajar Shooshtri
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Computing ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Mesh Network ◽  
Topological Descriptors ◽  
Topological Invariants ◽  
Connectivity Indices ◽  
Topological Characteristics ◽  
Atom Bond

Recently, there has been increasing attention on the system network due to its promising applications in parallel hanging architectures such as distributed computing (Day (2004), Day and Al-Ayyoub (2002)). Related networks differ in the circumstances of topology, and the descriptors were freshly examined by Hayat and Imran (2014) and Hayat et al. (2014). Distance-based descriptors, counting-related descriptors, and degree-based descriptors are all examples of topological descriptors. These topological characteristics are linked to chemical features of a substance, such as stability, strain energy, and boiling point. The specifications for the 1st Zagreb alpha, 1st Zagreb beta, 2nd Zagreb, sum-connectivity, geometric-arithmetic, Randic, harmonic, and atom-bond connectivity indices for mesh networks M N m × n based on VE and EV degree are discussed in this paper.

On degree-based topological descriptors of strong product graphs

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 559-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shehnaz Akhter ◽  
Muhammad Imran
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Topological Indices ◽  
Topological Descriptors ◽  
Zagreb Indices ◽  
Strong Product ◽  
Product Graphs ◽  
Product Of Graphs ◽  
Atom Bond

Topological descriptors are numerical parameters of a graph that characterize its topology and are usually graph invariant. In a QSAR/QSPR study, physicochemical properties and topological indices such as Randić, atom–bond connectivity, and geometric–arithmetic are used to predict the bioactivity of different chemical compounds. There are certain types of topological descriptors such as degree-based topological indices, distance-based topological indices, counting-related topological indices, etc. Among degree-based topological indices, the so-called atom–bond connectivity and geometric–arithmetic are of vital importance. These topological indices correlate certain physicochemical properties such as boiling point, stability, strain energy, etc., of chemical compounds. In this paper, analytical closed formulas for Zagreb indices, multiplicative Zagreb indices, harmonic index, and sum-connectivity index of the strong product of graphs are determined.

Some valency oriented molecular invariants of certain networks.

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Salman ◽  
Faisal Ali ◽  
Masood Ur Rehman ◽  
Imran Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Zagreb Indices ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Atom Bond ◽  
Honeycomb Network ◽  
Silicate Sheet

Background: The valency of an atom in a molecular structure is the number of its neighboring atoms. A large number of valency based molecular invariants have been conceived, which correlate certain physio-chemical properties like boiling point, stability, strain energy and many more of chemical compounds. Objective: Our aim is to study the valency based molecular invariants for four hexa chemical structures, namely hexagonal network, honeycomb network, oxide network and silicate sheet network. Method: We use the technique of atom-bonds partition according to the valences of atoms to find results. Results: Exact values of valency-based molecular invariants, namely the Randić index, atom bond connectivity index, geometric arithmetic index, harmonic index, Zagreb indices, Zagreb polynomials, F-index and F-polynomial are found for four hexa chemical structures.

Computing topological polynomials of mesh-derived networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (06) ◽  
pp. 1850077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Abdul Qudair Baig ◽  
Shafiq Ur Rehman ◽  
Haidar Ali ◽  
Roslan Hasni
Keyword(s):  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Molecular Graph ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Topological Descriptors ◽  
Cut Edge ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ga Index ◽  
Atom Bond

Topological descriptors are numerical parameters of a molecular graph which characterize its molecular topology and are usually graph invariant. In QSAR/QSPR study, physico-chemical properties and topological indices such as Randić, atom-bond connectivity [Formula: see text] and geometric-arithmetic (GA) index are used to predict the bioactivity of chemical compounds. Graph theory has found a considerable use in this area of research. The counting polynomials are those polynomials having at exponent the extent of a property partition and coefficients the multiplicity/occurrence of the corresponding partition. All of the studied interconnection mesh networks in this paper are motivated by the molecular structure of a Sodium chloride NaCl. In this paper, Omega, Sadhana and PI polynomials are computed for mesh-derived networks. These polynomials were proposed on the ground of quasi-orthogonal cut edge strips in polycyclic graphs. These polynomials count equidistant and non-equidistant edges in graphs. Moreover, the analytical closed formulas of these polynomials for mesh-derived networks are computed for the first time.

scholarly journals Molecular topological invariants of certain chemical networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-149
Author(s):  
Syed Ahtsham Ul Haq Bokhary ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Shehnaz Akhter ◽  
Sadia Manzoor
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Topological Descriptors ◽  
Discrete Mathematics ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Topological Invariants ◽  
Molecular Topology ◽  
Graph Invariants ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Structure Relationship ◽  
Atom Bond

Abstract Topological descriptors are the graph invariants that are used to explore the molecular topology of the molecular/chemical graphs. In QSAR/QSPR research, physico-chemical characteristics and topological invariants including Randić, atom-bond connectivity, and geometric arithmetic invariants are utilized to corelate and estimate the structure relationship and bioactivity of certain chemical compounds. Graph theory and discrete mathematics have discovered an impressive utilization in the area of research. In this article, we investigate the valency-depended invariants for certain chemical networks like generalized Aztec diamonds and tetrahedral diamond lattice. Moreover, the exact values of invariants for these categories of chemical networks are derived.

COORDINATED DISTRIBUTED SCHEDULING IN WIRELESS MESH NETWORK

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-374
Author(s):  
Usha Kumari ◽  
Udai Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Network Performance ◽  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Scheduling Algorithm ◽  
Ieee 802.16 ◽  
Distributed Scheduling ◽  
Mesh Network ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
Wireless Mesh

IEEE 802.16 based wireless mesh networks (WMNs) are a promising broadband access solution to support flexibility, cost effectiveness and fast deployment of the fourth generation infrastructure based wireless networks. Reducing the time for channel establishment is critical for low latency/interactive Applications. According to IEEE 802.16 MAC protocol, there are three scheduling algorithms for assigning TDMA slots to each network node: centralized and distributed the distributed is further divided into two operational modes coordinated distributed and uncoordinated distributed. In coordinated distributed scheduling algorithm, network nodes have to transmit scheduling message in order to inform other nodes about their transfer schedule. In this paper a new approach is proposed to improve coordinated distributed scheduling efficiency in IEEE 802.16 mesh mode, with respect to three parameter Throughput, Average end to end delay and Normalized Overhead. For evaluating the proposed networks efficiency, several extensive simulations are performed in various network configurations and the most important system parameters which affect the network performance are analyzed

scholarly journals Context-Based Topology Control for Wireless Mesh Networks

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Pragasen Mudali ◽  
Matthew Olusegun Adigun
Keyword(s):  
Topology Control ◽  
Wireless Mesh Network ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Mesh Network ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Spatial Reuse ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Wireless Mesh

Topology Control has been shown to provide several benefits to wireless ad hoc and mesh networks. However these benefits have largely been demonstrated using simulation-based evaluations. In this paper, we demonstrate the negative impact that the PlainTC Topology Control prototype has on topology stability. This instability is found to be caused by the large number of transceiver power adjustments undertaken by the prototype. A context-based solution is offered to reduce the number of transceiver power adjustments undertaken without sacrificing the cumulative transceiver power savings and spatial reuse advantages gained from employing Topology Control in an infrastructure wireless mesh network. We propose the context-based PlainTC+ prototype and show that incorporating context information in the transceiver power adjustment process significantly reduces topology instability. In addition, improvements to network performance arising from the improved topology stability are also observed. Future plans to add real-time context-awareness to PlainTC+ will have the scheme being prototyped in a software-defined wireless mesh network test-bed being planned.

scholarly journals Establishment Network by Using FSO Link Based on MD Code for Hybrid SCM-SAC-OCDMA Wireless System

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 5107
Author(s):  
Rashid Ali Fayadh ◽  
Mousa K. Wali ◽  
Mehdi F. Bonneya
Keyword(s):  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Wireless Systems ◽  
Wireless Channel ◽  
Mesh Network ◽  
Spectral Amplitude ◽  
Modulation Scheme ◽  
Atmospheric Effects ◽  
Free Space Optic ◽  
Spectral Amplitude Coding ◽  
Code Division Multiple

<p>Since the wireless systems are working under nature environments and influenced by turbulence, weather in Iraq that leads to extended amount of fading signal, dissipation or attenuation. Basic “hybrid Subcarrier Multiplying Spectral Amplitude Coding (SCM-SAC) of Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA)" indoor or outdoor optical system depends on generally “Multi-Diagonal (MD)" security code by using optical space known as “Free Space Optic (FSO)" that was proposed in this work. It is found that the mention hybrid wireless systems can be used in operating mesh networks. The main proposed idea of hybrid optical technique was analyzed and simulated by normally taking into simulation account that the directly effecting by rain and haze attenuations. In addition, there are mention and description for atmospheric effects, FSO mesh network, modulation scheme, simulation, and the data security. From simulation results, the hybrid system using MD code produces reduced “bit-error rate (BER)" at heavy storm rain to distance or range of 500 m and at drizzle rain up to 2500 m range. And also investigates the performance of using the proposed system with radio over fiber (RoF) for UWB signals through indoor propagation in building applications of wireless channel.</p>

scholarly journals A Novel Packet Aggregation Mechanism for Enhancing VoIP Performance on IEEE 802.11 Wireless Mesh Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 01-08
Author(s):  
Guan-Hsiung Liaw et al.
Keyword(s):  
Ieee 802.11 ◽  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Mesh Network ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Aggregation Mechanism ◽  
Packet Aggregation ◽  
Wireless Mesh ◽  
Aggregation Scheme ◽  
Voice Data ◽  
The Voice

In 802.11 Wireless Mesh Network (WMN), bandwidth will be wasted much for transferring VoIP flows since each voice frame must contain relatively large amount of protocol data. “Packet Aggregation” mechanism can be applied to merge the voice data of multiple VoIP flows into one frame for transmission. It reduces the waste on bandwidth and increases the maximum number of successful VoIP calls. In addition, the mechanism “MCF controlled channel access” (MCCA) defined in 802.11 standard can be used to obtain better QoS than adopting default EDCA mechanism. In MCCA, mesh stations which wants to transfer VoIP flows can reserve time intervals of the medium for transmission and this reservation will be advertised to their neighbors. It is why MCCA causes less medium contentions than EDCA. In this paper, a mechanism to transfer VoIP flows in IEEE 802.11 WMN by MCCA with packet aggregation scheme is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed mechanism is shown by simulation results. In addition, the problem named as Routing-Packet Aggregation / De-aggregation-Scheduling optimization problem (abbr. RPADS problem) derived from the proposed mechanism is also studied. A heuristic algorithm for RPADS problem to maximize the total number of supported calls is also proposed.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND QOS FRAMEWORK OF FLY WİRELESS NETWORK

2019 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 103-115
Author(s):  
Durai Pandian M
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Wireless Network ◽  
Wireless Mesh Network ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Mesh Network ◽  
Wireless Mesh

The spread out of wireless mesh network has made possible the extended range of communication network that are impractical due to environmental changes in a wired access point, these wireless mesh network does not require much competence to set it up as it can be set very fast at a cheap rate, and the conveyancing of messages in it happens by selecting the shortest path, these wireless mesh built-in with irrepressible and invulnerable identities come with an endurance to temporary congestion and individual node failure. This results in an architecture providing a better coverage, flaw indulgent with higher bandwidth compared to other wireless distributed systems. But faces the limitation on power conservation. The battery activated mesh nodes loses their resources on perception, processing and transmission of the data’s, though these batteries or accumulators comes with energy regaining capability still draw backs show up as their nature of energy regaining are unexposed. So the performance analysis of fly wireless network which proposes a uninterrupted wireless mesh networks aims at providing a best measure of performance that is the best quality of service on the meshwork by providing an improved energy gleaning using potency segregation (IGPS) which empowers each node to have self- contained accumulation of energy achieving heightened adaption with energy consumption kept at a minimum. The gross functioning of the proposed is examined on the bases of delay and packet loss to prove the quality of service acquired.

scholarly journals Computation of Zagreb and atom-bond connectivity indices of certain families of dendrimers by using automorphism group action

2017 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-162
Author(s):  
Uzma Ahmad ◽  
Sarfraz Ahmad ◽  
Rabia Yousaf
Keyword(s):  
Automorphism Group ◽  
Carbon Atom ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Group Action ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Topological Indices ◽  
Zagreb Indices ◽  
Connectivity Indices ◽  
Atom Bond

In QSAR/QSPR studies, topological indices are utilized to predict the bioactivity of chemical compounds. In this paper, the closed forms of different Zagreb indices and atom?bond connectivity indices of regular dendrimers G[n] and H[n] in terms of a given parameter n are determined by using the automorphism group action. It was reported that these connectivity indices are correlated with some physicochemical properties and are used to measure the level of branching of the molecular carbon-atom skeleton.

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