scholarly journals Isolation, Identification, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Staphylococcus aureus from Clinical Mastitis in Sebeta Town Dairy Farms

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Letebrhan Yimesgen W. Grima ◽  
Shubisa Abera Leliso ◽  
Abebe Olani Bulto ◽  
Debebe Ashenafi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
High Level

A cross-sectional study was carried out in and around Sebeta town dairy farms, Finfinne special zone, Ethiopia, from December 2019 to May 2020 to isolate, identify, and test antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Staphylococcus aureus from clinical mastitis. A total of 116 milk samples were purposively collected from 57 lactating cows with clinical mastitis. Isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus were carried out by using primary and secondary biochemical tests. Besides, Biolog was used for microbial identification systems. To know if the isolates develop resistance to antibiotics, the antimicrobial susceptibility test (ATS) was performed on Mueller-Hinton agar by the disk diffusion method. From a total of 57 lactating cows and 116 teat quarters examined, 21.05% (12/57) and 15.52% (18/116) were positive for S. aureus from clinical mastitis, respectively. From a total of 116 milk samples collected, 15.52% (18/116) Staphylococcus aureus were isolated, and from 11 farms surveyed, about 72.72% (8/11) overall farm prevalence of clinical mastitis due to S. aureus was recorded. All the 18 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were found susceptible to sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim, erythromycin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and chloramphenicol. However, high level of resistance was observed to common drugs such as penicillin (88.89%, 16/18) and tetracycline (61.11%, 11/18). The observed high level of resistance to penicillin and tetracycline also indicates the need to visit our treatment guidelines for mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore, improved management and early treatment of the cases with drug of choice after the antimicrobial susceptibility test for each specific case can reduce chance of further development of resistance and are imperative to tackle clinical mastitis occurring at Sebeta and other similar farms in Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Mastitis and Phenotypic Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Lactating Dairy Cows of Selected Dairy Farms in and Around Adama Town, Central Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 117863022110212
Author(s):  
Kaleab Tesfaye ◽  
Zemichael Gizaw ◽  
Aklilu Feleke Haile
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Central Ethiopia

Background: The emergence of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a serious public health threat. Strains of Staphylococcus aureus resistant to β-lactam antibiotics are known as MRSA. MRSA has gained attention as community pathogen. MRSA has been increasingly reported as emerging problem in veterinary medicine. However, little is known in Ethiopia. This study was, therefore, conducted to identify MRSA, to determine its drug susceptibility patterns, and mastitis infection in dairy cattle in and around Adama town, Central Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the occurrence of MRSA in mastitic dairy cows in and around Adama town, central Ethiopia. A total of 384 lactating cows were included from the conveniently selected dairy farms in the study area. Approximately 10 ml of milk was aseptically collected from clinical and subclinical mastitic cows into sterile universal bottles after discarding the first 3 milking streams. Then, Staphylococcus aureus was isolated using the conventional bacteriological procedure. Resistance to methicillin was detected using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion antibiotic susceptibility method. Oxacillin disc was used to detect methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was conducted against MRSA strains using streptomycin (S, 10 µg), amoxicillin (Am, 25 µg), kanamycin (k, 30 µg), nalidixic acid (NA, 30 µg), oxytetracycline (OT, 30 µg) sulphonamide (S, 300 µg) and ceftriazole (CRO, 30 µg). Results: The study found that the prevalence of mastitis was 121(31.5%). Among this 37(30.6%) were clinical mastitis and 84 (69.4%) of them were sub-clinical mastitis. Of 121 mastitis cases, Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 37 (30.6%) of mastitic cow milk samples. The prevalence of mastitis was significantly affected by breed, age, floor type and hygienic status of the milkers ( P < .05). Moreover, 32.4% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates were resistant to oxacillin. A total of 75% percent of MRSA isolates were resistant to amoxicillin, 66.7% were resistant to oxytetracycline, and 50% were resistant to sulphonamide. However, 75% of MRSA isolates were susceptible to kanamycin, 58.3% were susceptible to streptomycin, and 50% were susceptible to nalidixic acid. Conclusion: The study revealed that relatively high number of strains are resistant to the antibiotics commonly used in the therapeutic protocol of many human and animal infections. Therefore, antimicrobial susceptibility test should be carried out at a regular basis and proper hygienic practices should be introduced at farm level. Creating public awareness about transmission, prevention and control of MRSA should also be considered.

scholarly journals A study on Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus mastitis in dairy cows

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Chandrasekaran ◽  
P. Venkatesan ◽  
K. G. Tirumurugaan ◽  
A. P. Nambi ◽  
P. S. Thirunavukkarasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Agar Disc

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a serious problem in dairy animals suffering from mastitis. The study was carried out to evaluate the incidence of Methicillin resistant S. aureus from clinical mastitis milk samples and their antibiotic resistance profile and characterised with respect to the molecular features that contributed to the resistance in these pathogens. Isolation and identification of Methicillin resistant S. aureus were performed from acute clinical mastitis samples. The isolates were tested using agar disc diffusion method for their antimicrobial susceptibility and modified resazurin assay micro dilution technique for MIC to 8 different antimicrobial drugs. A total of 235 clinical mastitis milk samples from dairy cows were cultured for incidence of S. aureus. Methicillin resistant S. aureus was isolated from a total of 12 (44.25%) of the 116 S. aureus samples. Based on the antimicrobial sensitivity and MIC results, MRSA isolates were found sensitive to gentamicin, enrofloxcain, amoxicillin+sulbactam, ceftriaxone and resistant to amoxicillin, oxytetracycline, penicillin G and oxacillin. Most of MRSA isolates were found to be multi-drug resistant. MRSA alert kit test and mecA and blaZ target gene PCR were found to be useful in the confirmation of MRSA.

scholarly journals Investigation of antimicrobial resistance of the bacteria isolated from cows with latent mastitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Kaplerienė ◽  
Agnė Kirkliauskienė ◽  
Olga Purakevič ◽  
Halina Gluchovienė
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Vilnius University ◽  
High Level ◽  
Microbiological Assays ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

The main problem of dairy farms is mastitis – inflammation of the mammary gland. Resistance of bacteria causing latent mastitis to antibiotics is increasing every year. Bacteria that have resistance genes to antibiotics are transmitted from one animal to another and through food chains or direct contacts from animals to humans. Latent mastitis is 15–40 times more frequent than clinical mastitis, which is more difficult to detect and is the major source of pathogens for the whole herd of cattle. The aim of this study was to isolate bacteria which cause mastitis from cow milk and determine their susceptibility to antimicrobials. Milk samples from two dairy farms (farm A and farm B) in Anykščiai District were taken in July 2018. Microbiological assays were performed at the Microbiology Laboratory of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University. In total, 36 cows were tested. Using common methods of cultivation and identification tests, strains of Streptococcus spp., coagulase negative Staphylococcus spp. and Staphylococcus aureus were identified. Susceptibility of all isolated strains to neomycin, tetracycline, erythromycin, kanamycin, clindamycin, penicillin, ampicillin, streptomycin, gentamicin, rifampin, cefoxitin and oxacillin was performed using the disc diffusion method according to the guidelines of the Clinical Labaratory Standards Institute. It was concluded that the most frequent agent of mastitis was Staphylococcus spp. Also, a high level of resistance to penicillin, ampicillin and tetracycline in S. aureus strains was determined. All isolated bacteria were susceptible to neomycin, erythromycin, kanamycin, clindamycin, gentamycin, rifampin, cefoxitin and oxacillin.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS CAUSING OF SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS IN EAR, NOSE AND THROAT SURGERY

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aidyn G. Salmanov ◽  
Volodymyr O. Shkorbotun ◽  
Yaroslav V. Shkorbotun
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
The Other ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Ent Surgery ◽  
High Level ◽  
Major Pathogens ◽  
Nose And Throat

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major pathogens that causes of surgical site infection (SSI). Scant information is available on the occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of S. aureus in patients with SSI in Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) surgery. The aim: To assess the activity of antimicrobials against S.aureus, isolated from patients with SSI by the ENT departments of Kyiv hospitals. Materials and methods: A total of 516 S. aureus isolates from of patients with SSI in ENT surgery. Antimicrobial susceptibility of S. aureus were determined, using automated microbiology analyzer. Some antimicrobial susceptibility test used Kirby – Bauer antibiotic testing. Interpretative criteria were those suggested by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Results: The most active antibiotics found in the study were linezolid and tigecycline, showing growth inhibition of 100% strains tested. Susceptibility to the other antimicrobials was also on a high level: 98,4% of strains were found susceptible to nitrofurantoin, 98.1% – to trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole, 97.6% – to fusidic acid, 97.1% – to mupirocin, 95.9% – to teicoplanin, 94.7% – to vancomycin and fosfomicin, 90.6% – to moxifloxacin, 89.1% – to tobramycin, 87.3% – to gentamycin. Susceptibility to rifampicin (85.5%), cefoxitin (84.6%), levofloxacin (84.3%), erythromycin (82.6%), tetracycline (76.3%), and clindamycin (75.4%) was observed to be some lower. Resistance to oxacyllin S.aureus (MRSA) came up to 21.1%. Conclusions: S. aureus in ENT departments to be a serious therapeutic and epidemiologic problem. The constant monitoring of antimicrobials resistance in every hospital is required. Antibiotics application tactics should be determined in accordance with the local data of resistance to them.

scholarly journals Characterisation of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from rabbits in Fujian, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wang ◽  
L. Sang ◽  
S. Sun ◽  
Y. Chen ◽  
D. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
Fujian Province ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Sequence Types

Abstract Staphylococcus aureus has been recognised as one of the important zoonotic pathogens. However, knowledge about the epidemiology and genetic characteristics of S. aureus in rabbits was limited. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of 281 S. aureus isolated from dead rabbits of nine rabbit farms in Fujian Province, China. All the isolates were characterised by multi-locus sequencing typing, detection of virulence factors and antimicrobial susceptibility test. The results showed that the 281 isolates were grouped into two sequence types, ST121 (13.52%, 38/281) and ST398 (86.48%, 243/281). Surprisingly, the ST121 strains were only recovered from the lung samples from one of the nine rabbit farms studied. In the 281 isolates, the virulence genes of nuc, hla, hlb, clfA, clfB and fnbpA were positive, whereas the sea, seb, tsst, eta and etb genes were negative. Notably, the 38 ST121 isolates carried the pvl gene. All the 281 isolates were methicillin-susceptible S. aureus, and the isolates were susceptible to most of the used antibiotics, except for streptomycin, kanamycin, azithromycin and penicillin, and the resistance rates of which were 23.84%, 19.57%, 16.01% and 11.03%, respectively. This study first described the epidemiology and characteristics of S. aureus in rabbits in Fujian Province, which will help in tracking the evolution of epidemic strains and preventing the rabbit–human transmission events.

scholarly journals Isolation, Identification, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test of Bacteria from Vulva Swab of African Pygmy Hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) and Sunda Porcupine (Hystrix javanica)

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 06009
Author(s):  
Anindya Dwi Ash-Santri ◽  
Vinsa Cantya Prakasita ◽  
Yosua Kristian Adi ◽  
Teguh Budipitojo ◽  
Agnesia Endang Tri Hastuti Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Selective Media

Atelerix albiventris and Hystrix javanica are currently traded as pets or consumed in Indonesia, but there has been no research about bacteria from the vulva swab before. This research aims to isolate and identify bacteria from the vulva swabs of Atelerix albiventris and Hystrix javanica, and identify their antibiotic susceptibility. Samples were isolated by blood agar plates and selective media and identified by biochemical tests. Kirby Bauer’s disk diffusion method was used for the antimicrobial susceptibility test. The result showed that from Atelerix albiventris was isolated and identified Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis, while from Hystrix javanica was isolated and identified Escherichia coli. The identified Escherichia coli was sensitive to Amikacin, Amoxycillin, Ampicillin, Enrofloxacin, Fosfomycin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, Trimethoprim, and Kanamycin; intermediate to Streptomycin; and resistant to Erythromycin and Penicillin G. The identified Proteus mirabilis was sensitive to Amikacin, Amoxycillin, Kanamycin, Enrofloxacin, and Fosfomycin; and resistant to Erythromycin, Penicillin G, Streptomycin, Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, and Trimethoprim. This research concludes that Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis were isolated from vulva swab of Atelerix albiventris and Hystrix javanica, Escherichia coli was sensitive to eight antibiotics, while Proteus mirabilis was sensitive to five antibiotics.

scholarly journals Detection of OqxAB Efflux Pumps, a Multidrug-Resistant Agent in Bacterial Infection in Patients Referring to Teaching Hospitals in Ahvaz, Southwest of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Moosavian ◽  
Mahtab Khoshkholgh Sima ◽  
Nazanin Ahmad Khosravi ◽  
Effat Abbasi Montazeri
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Efflux Pumps ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
Biochemical Tests

Antibiotic resistance mechanisms in Enterobacteriaceae are causative agents of global health problems. Bacterial infections due to multidrug resistance (MDR) may be mediated by the overexpression of efflux pumps. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of oqxA and oqxB genes as two encoding agents of efflux pumps and the determination of antibiotic resistance rate in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae. In this study, 100 Enterobacteriaceae isolates collected from different clinical specimens of infectious patients, such as wounds, urine, blood, discharge, and abscesses except stool, were examined. Identification of the isolates was performed using standard biochemical tests such as TSI, citrate, urea, lysine, SIM, MR-VP, and gas production. The antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out by the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines, and finally, the oqxA and oqxB genes were detected by the PCR method. Among 100 Enterobacteriaceae isolates, Escherichia coli and Enterobacter gergoviae were the most common isolates with 71% and 20%, respectively. Also, the lowest isolates belonged to Enterobacter cloacae (3%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (1%). Out of 100 Enterobacteriaceae isolates, 37 isolates (37%) were positive for at least one of oqxA or oqxB genes, while both of these genes were detected among 12% of them. oqxAB genes were detected in 8 cases of 20 (40%) Enterobacter gergoviae and 4 cases of 71 (5.7%) E. coli isolates. The antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that all isolates (100%) were susceptible to imipenem, while the maximum resistance to piperacillin, ceftriaxone, and cefotaxime were 69%, 55%, and 55%, respectively. Also, the results of this study showed that antibiotic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae isolates caused by oqxAB genes is increasing among patients in Iran. Therefore, identification of resistant isolates and antibiotic monitoring programs are essential to prevent the spread of MDR isolates.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document