scholarly journals The Residual Effect of Pre-Rice Green Manuring on a Succeeding Wheat Crop (Triticum aestivum L.) in the Rice-Wheat Cropping System in Banke, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Roshana Gautam ◽  
Chandeshwor Prasad Shriwastav ◽  
Sarita Lamichhane ◽  
Bandhu Raj Baral
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Green Manuring

Rice-wheat is the most widely used cropping pattern in Nepal. This cereal-based cropping system is highly nutrient exhaustive and unsustainable from a soil management perspective. They contribute neither nitrogen nor biomass to the soil. The net effect is the export of nutrients from the soil. The unused period between wheat harvest and rice transplanting is the summer fallow, and the incorporation of green manure during this short period increases the yield of both crops and improves the soils chemical properties. Altogether, there were 9 treatments and 3 replications with the randomized complete block design (RCBD). Dhaincha, sun hemp, black gram, cowpea, mung bean, and rice bean were used as pre-rice green manure. No chemical fertilizers were used for the green manure, and in wheat, 150 : 50 : 50 NPK kg/ha was applied. Goat manure was applied at the rate of 10 t/ha. The main objective of the study is to ascertain the residual effect of pre-rice green manuring on the chemical properties of the soil and the yield attributes of the succeeding wheat crops. The chemical properties of the soil were analyzed before and after the harvesting of wheat, and the yield attributes parameters were analyzed. The result showed that the green manure-treated plots gave a significantly higher yield as compared to solely chemical fertilizers-treated plots. The maximum grain yield was obtained from black gram (5.870 t/ha). There was a 39.76% increase in the grain yield in the black gram-incorporated plots as compared to the only-chemical fertilizers-treated plots. There was a highly (<0.001) significant difference in the soil organic matter of the green manure-treated plots and the only-chemical fertilizers-treated plots. The sun hemp-incorporated plot increased the soil organic matter by 71% when compared to the only-chemical fertilizers-treated plot. There was no significant residual effect of pre-rice green manuring on the soil pH in a one-cropping season. However, there was a significantly higher residual effect of the green manure on the soil’s total nitrogen content in all green manure-treated plots. It was found to be the highest (0.087%) in pre-rice dhaincha. The overall results indicate that the incorporation of pre-rice green manuring improved the soil’s chemical properties and increased the grain yield of the succeeding wheat crops in a rice-wheat cropping system.

scholarly journals Influence of green manuring and organic sources of nutrient application on scented rice (Oryza sativa) - linseed (Linum usitatissimum) cropping system

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Thakuria ◽  
C. Thakuria
Keyword(s):  
Residual Effect ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Green Manuring ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Major Nutrients ◽  
And Control

A field experiment was carried out during kharif, 2012 to summer, 2013 under rainfed condition in the organic block of Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat to find out the effect of different green manuring practices and other organic sources of nutrient on productivity of scented (joha) rice and their residual effect on linseed crop. Results revealed that though green manuring practice had no significant effect on yield and yield attributes of both scented (joha) rice and succeeding relayed linseed crop but higher values were recorded with the incorporation of dhaincha as in-situ green manuring in respect of all the yield attributes and yield of both the main and succeeding crops. Among various organic sources of nutrient, application of enriched compost produced the highest yield in both scented rice as well as linseed crop. The increase in grain yield of scented rice with enriched compost over the other sources of organic nutrient and control treatment ranged from 7.33 to 30.04 per cent. The corresponding increase in case of linseed crop ranged from 29.1 to 39.8 per cent which reflected better residual effects of both the sources of nutrient on linseed crop. The residual available nutrient contents in soil after harvest of linseed crop showed similar trends and increased all the major nutrients over their initial status.

scholarly journals Influence of rotation and sources of nutrients on soil properties and productivity of finger millet (Eleusinecoracana L. Gaertn.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 680-687
Author(s):  
Pavankumar Goudar ◽  
B. K. Ramachandrappa ◽  
M. N. Thimmegowda ◽  
S. Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
Physical And Chemical

A field experiment was conducted at the All India Co-ordinated Research Project for Dryland Agriculture, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru during kharif 2013-14. The experiment was laid out with 20 treatment combinations with three factors using factorial RBD with two replications comprised of on a permanent manurial trial with 35th crop cycle. Application of FYM at 10 t ha-1 has recorded significantly higher grain yield (1.76 t ha-1), maximum water holding capacity (MWHC) of 43.85 % and dehydrogenase activity (DHA) of 357.60μg TPF g-1 24 h-1 obtained after harvest of the crop as compared to application of maize residues at 5 t ha-1 (1.37 t ha-1, 42.27 % and 193.0μg TPF g-1 24 h-1 respectively) due to improved growth and yield parameters of finger millet. However, finger millet-groundnut rotation has given significantly higher grain yield (1.78 t ha-1), MWHC (43.66 %) and DHA (298.48μg TPF g-1 24 h-1) after harvest of the crop over mono cropping of finger millet (1.34 t ha-1, 42.46% and 252.12μg TPFg-1 24 h-1respectively ). Among different nutrient sources, application of organic matter with 100 % RDF have given significantly higher grain yield (2.74 t ha-1), MWHC (45.86 %) and DHA (431.13μg TPF g-1 24 h-1) after harvest of the crop compared to absolute control (0.28 t ha-1, 41.76 % and 133.67μg TPFg-1 24 h-1 respectively). The 100 % recommended dose of fertilizer + organic matter significantly increased yield attributes because of improved soil physical and chemical properties and increased microbial activity of the soil with continued application of organic matter.

scholarly journals Residual Effect of Different Organics on Physico-Chemical Properties of Soil After Harvest of Maize in Rice Fallow Maize Cropping System

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayalakshmi Mitnala
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Green Manuring ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Agricultural College ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Main Plot

(2011-2012 and 2012-2013) on fine texture soils of Agricultural college farm, Bapatla. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design in kharif seasonwith four treatments. The treatments consisted of M1 (RDF - Control), M2 (10t FYM ha-1 + RDF), M3 (1.5t vermicompost ha-1 + RDF), M4 (Green manuring + RDF). During the immediate rabi, the experiment was laid out in a split-plot design without disturbing the soil for succeeding maize with the four treatments given to kharif rice as main plot treatments and each of these divided into five sub-plots to receive five levels of fertilizer NPK application viz., N1 - 75%NPK, N2 - 100% NPK, N3 - 125% NPK, N4 - 150% NPK and N5 - 175% NPK for succeeding maize. Data collected on soil physico-chemical properties after harvest of maize crop were relatively improved with the application of 100%NPK in combination with FYM @10t ha-1 to preceding rice crop, irrespective of the NPK levels applied to succeeding maize crop. However, it was on par with that of green manuring together with 100% NPK during both the years of the study.

EFFECT OF WHEAT, LEGUME AND LEGUME-ENRICHED WHEAT RESIDUES ON THE PRODUCTIVITY AND NITROGEN UPTAKE OF RICE-WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM AND SOIL FERTILITY

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. SHARMA ◽  
R. PRASAD
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Available P ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Green Manuring

Field experiments were conducted for two crop years at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to study the effect of enriching wheat residue with legume residue on the productivity and nitrogen uptake of a rice-wheat cropping system and soil fertility. The incorporation of wheat residue had an adverse effect on the productivity of the rice-wheat cropping system. When it was incorporated along with Sesbania green manure, not only did its adverse effect disappear but the response to fertilizer N was also increased. There was no response to fertilizer N when Sesbania green manure was incorporated. When wheat residue was incorporated along with Sesbania green manuring, rice responded significantly to fertilizer N up to 120 kg N ha-1 in the first year and to 60 kgN ha-1 in the second year and at these levels of N, Sesbania + wheat residue gave 0.8 to 1.2 t ha-1 more grain, 0.6-1.0 t ha-1 more straw and 8-15 kg ha-1 more N uptake of rice resulting in 0.04-0.17% more organic C, 3-8 kg ha-1 more available P and 17-25 kg ha-1 more available K content in the soil than wheat residue alone at the same rates of N application. The respective increaseas caused by Sesbania green manure + wheat residue over Sesbania green manure alone were 0.3-0.5 t ha-1 in the grain and straw yield, 1-9 kg ha-1 in the N uptake of rice, 0.02-0.10% in organic C, 1-8 kg ha-1 in available P and 35- 70 kg ha-1 in available K content in the soil. These treatments also gave higher residual effects in succeeding wheat than wheat residue alone. The incorporation of residues of both wheat and Sesbania is thus recommended to eliminate the adverse effect of wheat residue and to increase the beneficial effects of Sesbania green manuring.

Residual Effect of Weed Management Practices Executed in Preceding Maize on Succeeding Greengram

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Sandhya Rani ◽  
V. Chandrika ◽  
G. Prabhakara Reddy ◽  
P. Sudhakar ◽  
K.V. Nagamadhuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Weed Infestation

Background: Maize followed by summer pulses is the emerging cropping system in many places in India. Herbicides are the efficient tools for checking weed infestation and their usage is increasing throughout the globe due to increased labour cost and quick weed control. Some herbicides do not degrade quickly and may remain in the soil for weeks, months or years after application and may inhibit the growth of succeeding crops. Methods: Field experiment was conducted in a randomized block design (RBD) during rabi and summer seasons of 2017-18 and 2018-19 to know the residual effect of different herbicides applied in maize on succeeding greengram. Result: The present study revealed that lower density and dry weight of total weeds and higher yield attributes and yield was recorded with the practice of adopting two hand weedings at 15 and 30 DAS, which was however, at par with atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb one HW at 30 DAS, atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb topramezone 30 g ha-1 as PoE and atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb tembotrione 120 g ha-1 as PoE, without any significant disparity among them. Herbicides applied in maize did not alter statistically the enzyme activity and microbial count in the soil at harvest of succeeding greeengram. 

scholarly journals Long-Term Green Manure Rotations Improve Soil Biochemical Properties, Yield Sustainability and Nutrient Balances in Acidic Paddy Soil under a Rice-Based Cropping System

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 780
Author(s):  
Muhammad Qaswar ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
Waqas Ahmed ◽  
Dongchu Li ◽  
Shujun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Yield Sustainability ◽  
Double Rice ◽  
Winter Fallow

Cultivation of green manure (GM) crops in intensive cropping systems is important for enhancing crop productivity through soil quality improvement. We investigated yield sustainability, nutrient stocks, nutrient balances and enzyme activities affected by different long-term (1982–2016) green manure rotations in acidic paddy soil in a double-rice cropping system. We selected four treatments from a long-term experiment, including (1) rice-rice-winter fallow as a control treatment (R-R-F), (2) rice-rice-milkvetch (R-R-M), (3) rice-rice-rapeseed (R-R-R), and (4) rice-rice-ryegrass (R-R-G). The results showed that different GM rotations increased grain yield and the sustainable yield index compared with those of the R-R-F treatment. Compared with those of R-R-F, the average grain yield of early rice in R-R-M, R-R-R, and R-R-G increased by 45%, 29%, and 27%, respectively and that of late rice increased by 46%, 28%, and 26%, respectively. Over the years, grain yield increased in all treatments except R-R-F. Green manure also improved the soil chemical properties (SOM and total and available N and P), except soil pH, compared to those of the control treatment. During the 1983–1990 cultivation period, the soil pH of the R-R-M treatment was lower than that of the R-R-F treatment. The addition of green manure did not mitigate the soil acidification caused by the use of inorganic fertilizers. The soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) contents and stocks of C, N and P increased over the years. Furthermore, GM significantly increased phosphatase and urease activities and decreased the apparent N and P balances compared with those in the winter fallow treatment. Variance partitioning analysis revealed that soil properties, cropping systems, and climatic factors significantly influenced annual grain yield. Aggregated boosted tree (ABT) analysis quantified the relative influences of the different soil properties on annual grain yield and showed that the relative influences of TN content, SOM, pH, and TP content on annual crop yield were 27.8%, 25.7%, 22.9%, and 20.7%, respectively. In conclusion, GM rotation is beneficial for sustaining high crop yields by improving soil biochemical properties and reducing N and P balances in acidic soil under double- rice cropping systems.

scholarly journals Direct and Residual Effect of Sulphur and Zinc on Potato-Boro-T. Aman Rice Cropping Pattern

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Tarafder ◽  
MQ Haque ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MR Khan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
The Third ◽  
Boro Rice

The experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) sub-staion, Tajhat, Ranpure, using potato-Boro-T. aman rice cropping pattern with an objective to evaluate the direct and residual effects of sulphur and zinc on the growth, yield and nutrient uptake by the crops. The surface soil was sandy loam texture, pH 6.3, organic matter 1.24%, available sulphur 6.62 ppm and available zinc 0.45 ppm. The experiment comprised of eight treatments for potato S15Zn2 (T2, T4 and T8, S8Zn1 (T5 and T6)and S0Zn0 (T1, T3 and T7), for boro rice S20Zn4 (T3, T5, T6 and T7) and S0Zn0 (T1, T3, T4 and T6). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Average tuber yield of potato (var. cardinal) varied from 28.29 to 32.86 t ha-1 with the highest yield in S15Zn2 treatment (100% recommended dose) and the lowest was in the S0Zn0 treatment (control). In the second crop (Boro rice), growth and yield attributes, grain and straw yields responded significantly to S and Zn applied either in the first crop or in both crops. The average grain yield varied from 3.51 to 5.27 t ha-1 over the treatments. In the third crop (T. aman rice), the grain and straw yields responded significantly to S and Zn applied either in the first and second crop or in the third crops. The grain yield of T. aman rice varied from 2.96 to 4.46 t ha-1 over the treatments. The growth and yield contributing characters were also significantly influenced by the treatment. There was a significant direct and residual effect of the treatments on S and Zn uptake by the crops.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i1.16987 Progress. Agric. 19(1): 33 - 38, 2008 

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ROOSTER TREE GREEN MANURE ON CARROT AND LETTUCE INTERCROPPING SYSTEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICARDO CARLOS PEREIRA DA SILVA ◽  
FRANCISCO BEZERRA NETO ◽  
MAIELE LEANDRO DA SILVA ◽  
AURÉLIO PAES BARROS JÚNIOR ◽  
ANTÔNIO EWERTON DA SILVA ALMEIDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Green Manuring ◽  
Increase Productivity

ABSTRACT Intercropping is a cropping system that involves cultivating two or more crops in the same area with different cycles and vegetative architectures. One of the ways to increase productivity and efficiency in this cropping system is through green manuring and by properly considering crop combinations, cultivation timing, and planting configuration of the component crops. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the productive performance of carrot and lettuce intercropping systems under different amounts of rooster tree biomass incorporated into the soil and under different spatial arrangements. The study was conducted at the experimental farm Rafael Fernandes, RN, Brazil, in the period from September 2012 to January 2013, in an experimental design of randomized complete blocks in a 4 x 3 factorial scheme, with twelve treatments and 3 replicates. The treatments consisted of the combination of four rooster tree biomass amounts incorporated into the soil (10, 25, 40 and 55 t ha-1 on a dry basis) with three predetermined spatial arrangements between the component crops (2:2, 3:3 and 4:4), which correspond to the rows of carrot alternating with the rows of lettuce. The agronomic performance of the carrot and lettuce intercropping system was optimized in the amount of approximately 46.36 t ha-1 of rooster tree incorporated into the soil. There was no influence of the spatial arrangements on the agronomic efficiency of the carrot and lettuce intercropping. The use of rooster tree as green manure is agronomically viable in intercropped systems of carrot and lettuce.

Direct and Residual Effect of Planting Method and Phosphorous Levels on Productivity and Agro-Meteorological Indices, Thermal and Energy Efficiencies in Mungbean– Wheat Cropping System

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parveen Kumar ◽  
Karmal Singh ◽  
K D Sharma ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Amit Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Raised Bed ◽  
Planting Method ◽  
Plot Design

Field experiments were conducted for two consecutive years during kharif and rabi season of 2015-16 and 2016-17 at Research area, Department of Agronomy, CCSHAU, Hisar to evaluate the direct and residual effect of planting methods and phosphorus levels on productivity, agro-meteorological indices, thermal and energy efficiencies in mungbean– wheat cropping system. The experiment was laid out in split plot design during kharif and in split -split plot design during Rabi with five replications at same site during both the years. Main plot treatments consisted of planting methods viz. furrow irrigated raised bed (FIRB) and conventional where as sub plot consisted of three levels of phosphorus, viz., 30, 40 and 50 kg P2O5 /ha applied to mungbean in kharif and sub -sub treatments applied to wheat in rabi were 40, 50 and 60 kg P2O5 /ha. Sowing of mungbean and wheat crops on beds i.e. furrow irrigated raised bed was superior over conventional sowing in respect of productivity. In mungbean, application of 50 kg P2O5/ha to mungbean significantly increased grain yield over 30 and 40 kg P2O5/ha, respectively but it did not differ significantly with 40 kg P2O5/ha. The residual effect of phosphorous applied to mungbean was found to be non significant on yield attributes and yield of wheat. However, direct application of phosphorous to wheat had significant effect on yield attributes and yield. The agro meteorological indices values were similar under FIRB and conventional method however, thermal and energy efficiencies were higher under FIRB planting as compared to conventional and increased with increasing levels of phosphorous.

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