Effects of Fire Compartmentation and Smoke Exhaust Measures on Smoke Spread Caused by Cable Fire in Utility Tunnel

Investigating the behavior of fire smoke in utility tunnel as well as smoke prevention and control measures are of vital significance for exhausting smoke from utility tunnel, realizing efficient firefighting and rescue, and guaranteeing the normal operation of cities. Taking utility tunnel as the research background, this paper builds a simulation calculation model for fire smoke prevention and control in the utility tunnel using PyroSim numerical simulation software and explores the rules of smoke spread under conditions such as building ceiling screen, changing fire compartmentation tightness, and adding smoke exhaust facilities. According to study results, before the tunnel was filled with smoke, ceiling screens lowered smoke spread rate, and smoke spread rate was inversely proportional to the ceiling screen height. When the fire door was opened, fire smoke spread to the adjacent fire compartment, and smoke spread rate was directly proportional to the fire door opening angle. Before the tunnel was filled up, mechanical smoke exhaust facilities significantly lowered the smoke spread rate by as much as 50%. When the entire tunnel was full of smoke, mechanical smoke exhaust facilities significantly reduced the smoke concentration in the utility tunnel; smoke layer temperature dropped by as much as 32°C, while visibility improved by as much as 66%. By studying smoke spread in utility tunnel, this paper aims to determine the optimal measures of preventing and controlling smoke spread in utility tunnel. This paper could also offer some reference for practical engineering applications in smoke prevention and control in utility tunnel.

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Protection and Response of a Tertiary Hospital in Shenzhen, China to the COVID-19 Outbreak—the Practice of the Comprehensive Response Mode

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness ◽

10.1017/dmp.2021.218 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Benling Hu ◽

Le Yang ◽

Chan Wei ◽

Min Luo

Keyword(s):

Prevention And Control ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Control Model ◽

Normal Operation ◽

Process Reengineering ◽

Equipment Management ◽

Hospital Acquired Infection ◽

Public Health Emergencies ◽

Hospital Acquired ◽

And Control

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the management mode for the prevention and control of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) transmission utilized at a general hospital in Shenzhen, China, with the aim to maintain the normal operation of the hospital. Methods: From January 2, 2020 to April 23, 2020, Hong Kong–Shenzhen Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Shenzhen, has operated a special response protocol named comprehensive pandemic prevention and control model, which mainly includes six aspects: 1) human resource management; 2) equipment management; 3) logistics management; 4) cleaning, disinfection and process reengineering; 5) environment layout; 6) and training and assessment. The detail of every aspect was described and its efficiency was evaluated. Results: A total of 198,802 patients were received. Of those, 10,821 were hospitalized; 26,767 were received by the emergency department and fever clinics; 288 patients were admitted for observation with fever; and 324 were admitted as suspected cases for isolation. Under the protocol of comprehensive pandemic prevention and control model, no case of hospital-acquired infection with COVID-19 occurred among the inpatients or staff. Conclusion: The present comprehensive response model may be useful in large public health emergencies to ensure appropriate management and protect the health and life of individuals.

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Numerical Analysis on the Effect of Thermal Insulation of Closure on Fire Smoke Spread Rate in Building's Corridor

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.2635 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 513-517 ◽

pp. 2635-2638

Author(s):

Xuan Wei Peng

Keyword(s):

Numerical Analysis ◽

Thermal Insulation ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Spread Rate ◽

Smoke Flow ◽

External Insulation ◽

Flow Prediction ◽

Smoke Spread ◽

Fire Smoke ◽

Fire Ignition

The corridor is an important way of evacuation and rescue in building fire. The fire smoke flow prediction software developed successfully was applied to simulate a building with a 28.8 meters long corridor to investigate the effect of the different thermal insulation on fire smoke spread rate. Two representative thermal insulation, external insulation and internal insulation were compared. In 3600s fire time, air temperature in the corridor of external insulation is much lower than that of internal insulation. The air temperature gap gets narrowed between the two insulation methods in the corridor with the prolongation of fire time. Temperature difference increases as the distance increase from the fire ignition place. The corridor gets unsafe of internal insulation in 7 minute since fire ignition, while about half the length of the corridor stay secure of external insulation in 10 minutes since fire ignition. That implies more available safe egress time can be gained with external insulation than internal insulation. Smoke spread rate was numerically compared based on the air temperature variation. Smoke spread rate of internal insulation is much higher than that of external insulation and the corresponding ratio is 1.732:1.

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The strategies of perioperative management in orthopedic department during the pandemic of COVID-19

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research ◽

10.1186/s13018-020-01978-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hui Zeng ◽

Guoqing Li ◽

Jian Weng ◽

Ao Xiong ◽

Chang Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prevention And Control ◽

Normal Operation ◽

Medical Systems ◽

Medical Quality ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Squared ◽

Post Operation ◽

Flow Charts ◽

Orthopedic Patients ◽

And Control

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has broken out and spread rapidly nationwide at the beginning of 2020, which has brought huge impacts to people and work. The current situation of prevention and control is severe and urges guidance for clinicians, especially for medical systems. In the hope of providing a reference and recommendation for the prevention and control of the COVID-19, we carried out research to improve the quality of patient care and prevention during this epidemic. Methods All of the staff were trained rapidly to master personal protection in our department. We reviewed the patients’ discharged records who underwent surgery in our department during January 1 to March 1, 2019, and January 1 to March 1, 2020. The management of the surgery patients and flow charts were described and analyzed. Post-operation outcomes of the patients include duration, complications, surgical site infection (SSI), system infection, re-operation, and mortality. Both chi-squared test and Student’s t test were performed to determine the relationship between the two periods in terms of post-operation outcomes. Results Descriptive statistics analysis revealed that demographic of the patients between the two periods is similar. We had benefited from the strict flowcharts, smart robot, and protection equipment during the perioperative managements for orthopedic patients. With the help of the strict flow charts and smart equipment, post-operation outcomes of the patients revealed that the rates of the complications and re-operation had been reduced significantly (p < 0.05), while duration of operation, SSI, and system infection had no significant difference between two periods (p > 0.05). No patient and staff caught COVID-19 infection or mortality during the epidemic. Conclusions Our study indicated that medical quality and efficiency were affected little with the help of strategies described above during the epidemic, which could be a reference tool for medical staff in routine clinical practice for admission of patients around the world. What is more, the provided strategies, which may evolve over time, could be used as empirical guidance and reference for orthopedic peers to get through the pandemic and ensure the normal operation of the hospital.

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The strategies of perioperative management in orthopedic department during the pandemic of COVID-19

10.21203/rs.3.rs-38295/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hui Zeng ◽

Guoqing Li ◽

Jian Weng ◽

Ao Xiong ◽

Chang Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prevention And Control ◽

Normal Operation ◽

Medical Systems ◽

Medical Quality ◽

Chi Squared ◽

Post Operation ◽

Flow Charts ◽

Student’S T ◽

Orthopedic Patients ◽

And Control

Abstract Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) broken out and spread rapidly nationwide at the beginning of 2020, which has brought huge impacts to people and work. The current situation of prevention and control is severe and urge guidance for clinicians, especially for medical systems. In the hope of providing a reference and recommendation for the prevention and control of the COVID-19, we carried out research to improve the quality of patients care and prevention during this epidemic.Methods: All of the staff were trained rapidly to master personal protection in our department. We reviewed the patients’ discharged records who underwent surgery in our department during January 1st to March 1st in 2019 and January 1st to March 1st in 2020. The managements of the surgery patients and flow charts were described and analyzed. Post-operation outcomes of the patients including duration, complications, surgical site infection (SSI), system infection, re-operation, and mortality. Both chi-squared test and Student’s t-test were performed to determine the relationship between the two periods in term of post-operation outcomes.Results: Descriptive statistics analysis revealed that demographic of the patients between the two periods is similar. We had been benefited from the strict flow charts, smart robot and protection equipment in management of perioperative for orthopedic patients. With the help of the strict flow charts and smart equipment, post-operation outcomes of the patients revealed that the rates of the complications and re-operation had been reduced significantly (p＜0.05), while duration of operation, SSI and system infection had no significantly difference between two periods (p＞0.05). No patient and staff caught COVID-19 infection or mortality during the epidemic. Conclusions: Our study indicated that medical quality and efficiency were affected little with the help of strategies described above during the epidemic, which could be a reference tool for medical staff in routine clinical practice for admission of patients around the world. What’s more, the provided strategies, which may evolve over time, could be used as empirical guidance and reference for orthopedic peers to get through the pandemic and ensure the normal operation of the hospital.

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Numerical Analysis of Roof Pre-Splitting Roadway Effect in Incline Coal Seam

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.1899 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 644-650 ◽

pp. 1899-1902

Author(s):

Hua Jin ◽

Tao Ning ◽

Bo Yin

Keyword(s):

Stress Concentration ◽

Stress Distribution ◽

Coal Seam ◽

Rock Burst ◽

Prevention And Control ◽

New Technology ◽

Simulation Software ◽

Concentration Degree ◽

Roof Strength ◽

And Control

Roof pre-splitting roadway is a new technology in roof induced rock burst prevention and control of incline coal seam. With the purpose of increasing rock burst prevention and control effective, FLAC3D numerical simulation software was used to analyze stress distribution characteristics and roof pre-splitting effect and the layout of the roof pre-splitting roadway parameters. The results showed that the roof pre-splitting roadway changed roof and floor stress distribution, the stress concentration degree is high in the zone of roof and floor around pre-splitting roadway and the two ribs of pre-splitting roadway, which made the roof strength weakened and easy to break, avoiding a large overhang in the process of mining and rock-burst; The roof pre-splitting roadway led to stress concentration in the range of 5 ~ 10 m, roof effective weakening range 12 m, so the distance of two roof pre-splitting roadway should be more than 20m. The research provided the reference basis for rock burst prevention by roof pre-splitting roadway in the incline coal seam group mining.

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