scholarly journals Systematic Evaluation of Toxicity of Aconite Based on Bibliometric Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Diyao Wu ◽  
Tielong Xu ◽  
Zhendong Huang ◽  
Yaling Wang ◽  
Hongfu Chen ◽  
...  

Aim. Based on the bibliometric method, the toxicity of aconite is analyzed and evaluated. Methods. Studies on the toxicity of aconite were retrieved from CNKI, CQVIP, Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System, and PubMed, ranging from January 1985 to November 2020. All those studies were formed into the Database of Literature of Toxicity of Aconite (DLTA). Studies on the toxicity of aconite were retrieved from CNKI, CQVIP, SinoMed, and PubMed, respectively. Collecting relevant information in DLTA, we analyzed the hotspots, factors and mechanism of aconite toxicity, and attenuation methods. Results. A total of 445 studies on the toxicity of aconite have been collected. “Compatibility attenuation” and “Processing attenuation” have been the hotspots of aconite toxicity in recent years. Many studies support that the main toxic reactions of aconite are heart damage, liver toxicity, nephrotoxicity, and neurotoxicity. The toxic effect of aconite is related to the effect on the central nervous system. Exciting the vagus nerve reduces the autonomy of the sinus node and damages myocardial cells. The decoction time, dosage, and administration of aconite are the main factors of the toxicity of aconite. There are few studies about the effect of the origin of aconite and the specifications of the medicinal materials on toxicity. Therefore, it is impossible to analyze its relevance. At present, the commonly used methods to reduce the toxicity of aconite mainly include three methods: drug compatibility, processing, and decoction. The most common compatibility with aconite medicines includes licorice, dried ginger, ginseng, and ephedra. Black sliced aconite, steamed slices, and fried slices are less toxic than other processed products. Aconite decoction for more than 60 minutes can basically reach the safe range, and more than 2 hours of decoction may cause the loss of active ingredients. Conclusions. The research on the mechanisms of aconite dosage-efficacy-toxicity, compatibility, processing, liver toxicity, and nephrotoxicity is still not comprehensive and in-depth. Researchers should perfect toxicity studies of aconite, remove the constraints that affect its clinical application, and promote the clinical use of aconite safely and reasonably.

Database ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Arnaboldi ◽  
Jaehyoung Cho ◽  
Paul W Sternberg

Abstract Finding relevant information from newly published scientific papers is becoming increasingly difficult due to the pace at which articles are published every year as well as the increasing amount of information per paper. Biocuration and model organism databases provide a map for researchers to navigate through the complex structure of the biomedical literature by distilling knowledge into curated and standardized information. In addition, scientific search engines such as PubMed and text-mining tools such as Textpresso allow researchers to easily search for specific biological aspects from newly published papers, facilitating knowledge transfer. However, digesting the information returned by these systems—often a large number of documents—still requires considerable effort. In this paper, we present Wormicloud, a new tool that summarizes scientific articles in a graphical way through word clouds. This tool is aimed at facilitating the discovery of new experimental results not yet curated by model organism databases and is designed for both researchers and biocurators. Wormicloud is customized for the Caenorhabditis  elegans literature and provides several advantages over existing solutions, including being able to perform full-text searches through Textpresso, which provides more accurate results than other existing literature search engines. Wormicloud is integrated through direct links from gene interaction pages in WormBase. Additionally, it allows analysis on the gene sets obtained from literature searches with other WormBase tools such as SimpleMine and Gene Set Enrichment. Database URL: https://wormicloud.textpressolab.com


Author(s):  
Stefan Hahn ◽  
Jessica Meyer ◽  
Michael Roitzsch ◽  
Christiaan Delmaar ◽  
Wolfgang Koch ◽  
...  

Spray applications enable a uniform distribution of substances on surfaces in a highly efficient manner, and thus can be found at workplaces as well as in consumer environments. A systematic literature review on modelling exposure by spraying activities has been conducted and status and further needs have been discussed with experts at a symposium. This review summarizes the current knowledge about models and their level of conservatism and accuracy. We found that extraction of relevant information on model performance for spraying from published studies and interpretation of model accuracy proved to be challenging, as the studies often accounted for only a small part of potential spray applications. To achieve a better quality of exposure estimates in the future, more systematic evaluation of models is beneficial, taking into account a representative variety of spray equipment and application patterns. Model predictions could be improved by more accurate consideration of variation in spray equipment. Inter-model harmonization with regard to spray input parameters and appropriate grouping of spray exposure situations is recommended. From a user perspective, a platform or database with information on different spraying equipment and techniques and agreed standard parameters for specific spraying scenarios from different regulations may be useful.


Author(s):  
Logeswari Shanmugam ◽  
Premalatha K.

Biomedical literature is the primary repository of biomedical knowledge in which PubMed is the most absolute database for collecting, organizing and analyzing textual knowledge. The high dimensionality of the natural language text makes the text data quite noisy and sparse in the vector space. Hence, the data preprocessing and feature selection are important processes for the text processing issues. Ontologies select the meaningful terms semantically associated with the concepts from a document to reduce the dimensionality of the original text. In this chapter, semantic-based indexing approaches are proposed with cognitive search which makes use of domain ontology to extract relevant information from big and diverse data sets for users.


Author(s):  
Cristina EL MAHDY ◽  
Silvana POPESCU ◽  
Cristin BORDA

Romania is blessed with a rich spontaneous flora, but some of the plants are toxic by their consumption in cattle, affecting the health, productions and endangering consumer safety. Sometimes even the consumption of small amounts causes poisoning with a broad extension: from mild, moderate to severe and with chronic or acute manifestations. Plant action is not similar. Taxus Buccata, Eupatorium spp. (E. rugosum, E. urticaefolium, E. ogeratoides) are cardiotoxic plants, but, Eupatorium spp. also acts through depression of the central nervous system; Datura stramonium (Jimson weed), Solanum spp. (nightshades), Atropa belladonna (belladonna), are plants with cholinergic blocking; haemolytic anemia is caused by Pteridium aquilinum (Bracken fern) and Equisetum (horsetail). The poisoning with cyanogenic principles occurs at Sorghum spp (Johnson grass, sudan grass); Elderberry consumption, Senecio spp. and Hypericum (St John’s wort) induces liver toxicity. Plants containing alkaloids outside their toxicity also have teratogenic action: Lupinus spp., Nicotiana spp, Conium maculatum, Veratrum album. However, some of these plants can be used in certain cows’ treatments.


2007 ◽  
Vol 192 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Melcher ◽  
Ruediger Bader ◽  
Michael J Pankratz

Feeding can be regulated by a variety of external sensory stimuli such as olfaction and gustation, as well as by systemic internal signals of feeding status and metabolic needs. Faced with a major health epidemic in eating-related conditions, such as obesity and diabetes, there is an ever increasing need to dissect and understand the complex regulatory network underlying the multiple aspects of feeding behavior. In this minireview, we highlight the use of Drosophila in studying the neural circuits that control the feeding behavior in response to external and internal signals. In particular, we outline the work on the neuroanatomical and functional characterization of the newly identified hugin neuronal circuit. We focus on the pivotal role of the central nervous system in integrating external and internal feeding-relevant information, thus enabling the organism to make one of the most basic decisions – to eat or not to eat.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoit P Delhaye ◽  
Felicien Schiltz ◽  
Allan Barrea ◽  
Jean-Louis Thonnard ◽  
Philippe Lefevre

During active object manipulation, the finger-object interactions give rise to complex fingertip skin deformations. These deformations are in turn encoded by the local tactile afferents and provide rich and behaviorally relevant information to the central nervous system. Most of the work studying the mechanical response of the finger to dynamic loading has been performed under a passive setup, thereby precisely controlling the kinematics or the dynamics of the loading. However, to identify aspects of the deformations that are relevant to online control during object manipulation, it is desirable to measure the skin response in an active setup. To that end, we developed a device that allows us to monitor finger forces, skin deformations, and kinematics during fine manipulation. We describe the device in detail and test it to precisely describe how the fingertip skin in contact with the object deforms during a simple vertical oscillation task. We show that the level of grip force directly influences the fingerpad skin strains and that the strain rates are substantial during active manipulation (norm up to 100%/s). The developed setup will enable us to causally relate sensory information, i.e. skin deformation, to online control, i.e. grip force adjustment, in future studies.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir Gupta ◽  
Shruti Rao ◽  
Trisha Miglani ◽  
Yasaswini Iyer ◽  
Junxia Lin ◽  
...  

AbstractInterpretation of a given variant’s pathogenicity is one of the most profound challenges to realizing the promise of genomic medicine. A large amount of information about associations between variants and diseases used by curators and researchers for interpreting variant pathogenicity is buried in biomedical literature. The development of text-mining tools that can extract relevant information from the literature will speed up and assist the variant interpretation curation process. In this work, we present a text-mining tool, MACE2k that extracts evidence sentences containing associations between variants and diseases from full-length PMC Open Access articles. We use different machine learning models (classical and deep learning) to identify evidence sentences with variant-disease associations. Evaluation shows promising results with the best F1-score of 82.9% and AUC-ROC of 73.9%. Classical ML models had a better recall (96.6% for Random Forest) compared to deep learning models. The deep learning model, Convolutional Neural Network had the best precision (75.6%), which is essential for any curation task.


2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. M. Ashique Mahmood ◽  
Shruti Rao ◽  
Peter McGarvey ◽  
Cathy Wu ◽  
Subha Madhavan ◽  
...  

AbstractTumor molecular profiling plays an integral role in identifying genomic anomalies which may help in personalizing cancer treatments, improving patient outcomes and minimizing risks associated with different therapies. However, critical information regarding the evidence of clinical utility of such anomalies is largely buried in biomedical literature. It is becoming prohibitive for biocurators, clinical researchers and oncologists to keep up with the rapidly growing volume and breadth of information, especially those that describe therapeutic implications of biomarkers and therefore relevant for treatment selection. In an effort to improve and speed up the process of manually reviewing and extracting relevant information from literature, we have developed a natural language processing (NLP)-based text mining (TM) system called eGARD (extracting Genomic Anomalies association with Response to Drugs). This system relies on the syntactic nature of sentences coupled with various textual features to extract relations between genomic anomalies and drug response from MEDLINE abstracts. Our system achieved high precision, recall and F-measure of up to 0.95, 0.86 and 0.90, respectively, on annotated evaluation datasets created in-house and obtained externally from PharmGKB. Additionally, the system extracted information that helps determine the confidence level of extraction to support prioritization of curation. Such a system will enable clinical researchers to explore the use of published markers to stratify patients upfront for ‘best-fit’ therapies and readily generate hypotheses for new clinical trials.


2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (03) ◽  
pp. 303-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Long ◽  
Gregory Day

AbstractDementia refers to an acquired syndrome of intraindividual cognitive decline that ultimately interferes with an individual's ability to manage their usual duties at work or home. As experience with the diagnosis and management of patients with autoimmune and paraneoplastic encephalitis (AE) has expanded, it has become increasingly apparent that dementia may arise as a subacute or chronic complication of immune-mediated injury to the central nervous system. Progressive memory and thinking problems may represent the first (or only) sign of an underlying autoimmune or paraneoplastic disease. Accordingly, there is a need to routinely consider the diagnosis of AE in patients with dementia, and to evaluate patients recovering from AE for clinically meaningful cognitive impairment. We review and summarize the available evidence concerning the diagnosis and care of AE patients with associated cognitive impairment, herein referred to as autoimmune dementia (AiD). Relevant information is used to propose a novel diagnostic framework that may be applied to improve recognition, and facilitate the expedited evaluation and treatment of patients with AiD.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4531-4539
Author(s):  
Yanhui Hu ◽  
Verena Chung ◽  
Aram Comjean ◽  
Jonathan Rodiger ◽  
Fnu Nipun ◽  
...  

The accumulation of biological and biomedical literature outpaces the ability of most researchers and clinicians to stay abreast of their own immediate fields, let alone a broader range of topics. Although available search tools support identification of relevant literature, finding relevant and key publications is not always straightforward. For example, important publications might be missed in searches with an official gene name due to gene synonyms. Moreover, ambiguity of gene names can result in retrieval of a large number of irrelevant publications. To address these issues and help researchers and physicians quickly identify relevant publications, we developed BioLitMine, an advanced literature mining tool that takes advantage of the medical subject heading (MeSH) index and gene-to-publication annotations already available for PubMed literature. Using BioLitMine, a user can identify what MeSH terms are represented in the set of publications associated with a given gene of the interest, or start with a term and identify relevant publications. Users can also use the tool to find co-cited genes and a build a literature co-citation network. In addition, BioLitMine can help users build a gene list relevant to a MeSH term, such as a list of genes relevant to “stem cells” or “breast neoplasms.” Users can also start with a gene or pathway of interest and identify authors associated with that gene or pathway, a feature that makes it easier to identify experts who might serve as collaborators or reviewers. Altogether, BioLitMine extends the value of PubMed-indexed literature and its existing expert curation by providing a robust and gene-centric approach to retrieval of relevant information.


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