scholarly journals Conflict and Sensitivity Analysis of Articulated Vehicle Lateral Stability Based on Single-Track Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Dengzhi Peng ◽  
Kekui Fang ◽  
Jianjie Kuang ◽  
Mohamed A. Hassan ◽  
Gangfeng Tan
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Lateral Force ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Lateral Stability ◽  
Single Track ◽  
Sideslip Angle ◽  
Vehicle Load ◽  
Articulated Vehicle ◽  
Field Test Result ◽  
Test Result

Lateral stability is quite essential for the vehicle. For the vehicle with an articulated steering system, the vehicle load and steering system performance is quite different from the passenger car with the Ackman steering system. To investigate the influence of the tire characteristics and vehicle parameters on lateral stability, a single-track dynamic model is established based on the vehicle dynamic theory. The accuracy of the built model is validated by the field test result. The investigated parameters include the tire cornering stiffness, vehicle load, wheelbase, and speed. Based on the snaking steering maneuver, the lateral stability criteria including the yaw rate, vehicle sideslip angle, tire sideslip angle, and lateral force are calculated and compared. The sensitivity analysis of the tire and vehicle parameters on the lateral stability indicators is initiated. The results demonstrated that the parameters that affect the lateral vehicle stability the most are the load on the rear part and the tire cornering stiffness. The findings also lay a foundation for the optimization of the vehicle’s lateral stability.

scholarly journals Steering Pull Model and Its Sensitivity Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8072
Author(s):  
Seong Han Kim ◽  
Min Chul Shin
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Lateral Force ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Slip Angle ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Bank Angle ◽  
Power Steering ◽  
Pulling Forces

When a vehicle goes on the straight road with a bank angle, a steering pull makes the driver exert a constant steering torque to the steering wheel, which causes an annoying steering feel to the driver. This paper proposes a steering pull model and sensitivity analysis on the steering pull. In order to develop the steering pull model, pulling forces on the tires, such as plysteer and conicity forces, lateral force due to slip angle, lifting forces due to cast and kingpin, and camber force are modeled. A steering system is also modeled because the generated pulling forces are attenuated as it is transmitted through the steering system. Each component of the steering system, such as lower body linkages, rack and pinion gear, universal joint, and steering column with electric power steering (EPS) system is modeled, and then they are integrated into a complete steering system. Finally, the steering pull model is developed by integrating the pulling force model with the steering system model. For verification, the steering pull of a vehicle is estimated based on the model, and the results are compared with the experimental results. For the verification experiments, a steering pull measurement system using a global positioning system (GPS) and its accessories are used. The result comparison showed that the developed steering pull model provides very accurate estimation results. Based on the steering pull model, the sensitivity of steering pull factors, such as caster angle, kingpin angle, camber angle, rack friction force, and anti-rattle spring (ARS) stiffness is analyzed.

The Technical Development for Increasing ROP with Particle Impact Drilling in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 904 ◽  
pp. 292-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhao ◽  
Yi Ji Xu
Keyword(s):  
Field Test ◽  
Hard Rock ◽  
Rock Breaking ◽  
Particle Impact ◽  
Sound Effect ◽  
Deep Well ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Hard Formation ◽  
Field Test Result ◽  
Test Result

Field test of particle impact drilling (PID) technology was firstly carried out in deep well and hard formation in Sichuan province china on Oct. 2013. The test formation was named Xu Jiahe, which was very difficult to penetration. Field test result shows that the ROP (rate of penetration) was nearly doubled by this technology. It indicates that there is a profound application prospect of particle impact drilling, especially for hard rock formation. In this paper, the equipment and working principle was analyzed. The experiment and simulation results showed that the rock breaking efficiency was highly increased by this technology. The details of this field test were presented too in this paper that proved the sound effect of PID.

Field Test Result of Residential SOFC CHP System Over 10 Years, 89000 Hours

2021 ◽  
Vol MA2021-03 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-8
Author(s):  
Minoru Suzuki ◽  
Shuichi Inoue ◽  
Takashi Shigehisa
Keyword(s):  
Field Test ◽  
Chp System ◽  
Field Test Result ◽  
Test Result

Field Test Result of Residential SOFC CHP System Over 10 Years, 89000 Hours

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Minoru Suzuki ◽  
Shuichi Inoue ◽  
Takashi Shigehisa
Keyword(s):  
Field Test ◽  
Chp System ◽  
Field Test Result ◽  
Test Result

scholarly journals Numerical Investigation on Flapping Aerodynamic Performance of Dragonfly Wings in Crosswind

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Chao Wang ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Chaoying Zhou ◽  
Zhenzhong Sun
Keyword(s):  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lateral Force ◽  
Aerodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Aerodynamic Forces ◽  
Sideslip Angle ◽  
Flight Direction ◽  
Time Average ◽  
Dragonfly Wings

Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the influence of crosswind on the aerodynamic characteristics of rigid dragonfly-like flapping wings through the solution of the three-dimensional unsteady Navier-Stokes equations. The aerodynamic forces, the moments, and the flow structures of four dragonfly wings are examined when the sideslip angle ϑ between the crosswind and the flight direction varied from 0o to 90o. The stability of the dragonfly model in crosswind is analyzed. The results show that the sideslip angle ϑ has a little effect on the total time-average lift force but significant influence on the total time-average thrust force, lateral force, and three-direction torques. An increase in the sideslip angle gives rise to a larger total time-average lateral force and yaw moment. These may accelerate the lateral skewing of the dragonfly, and the increased rolling and pitching moments will further aggravate the instability of the dragonfly model. The vorticities and reattached flow on the wings move laterally to one side due to the crosswind, and the pressure on wing surfaces is no longer symmetrical and hence, the balance between the aerodynamic forces of the wings on two sides is broken. The effects of the sideslip angle ϑ on each dragonfly wing are different, e.g., ϑ has a greater effect on the aerodynamic forces of the hind wings than those of the fore wings. When sensing a crosswind, it is optimal to control the two hind wings of the bionic dragonfly-like micro aerial vehicles.

Steering and Stability of Single-track Vehicles

1951 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Wilson-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Force ◽  
Front Wheel ◽  
Slip Angle ◽  
Single Track ◽  
Motor Cycle ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Low Speeds ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Straight Ahead

The author briefly states the elementary principles of equilibrium and claims that the stability of the conventional bicycle or motor cycle is automatic except at very low speeds. This is because the steering automatically turns in the direction in which the machine is leaning and returns to the straight ahead position when the machine is restored to the vertical. The achievement of these effects is largely due to the “trail” of the front wheel. The causes of “steering roll” and “steering wobble” and the purpose of the inclination of the steering head, are examined, as are the effects of high and low mass centres and of the rider leaning with and against the machine. It is shown how the elementary principles of steering apply to various types of vehicle, including single-track vehicles in which the necessary lateral force comes mainly from camber thrust rather than slip angle. The results are given of experiments on varying amounts of “trail”, and a method of measuring slip angles is described which is applicable to motor cycles. Finally, a method of indicating the direction of the torque applied to the handlebars when entering, holding, and leaving a bend is described.

Active Four-Wheel Steering System for Zero Sideslip Angle and Lateral Acceleration Control

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (14) ◽  
pp. 371-376
Author(s):  
Toshihiro Hiraoka ◽  
Osamu Nishihara ◽  
Hiromitsu Kumamoto
Keyword(s):  
Steering System ◽  
Lateral Acceleration ◽  
Sideslip Angle

scholarly journals A Robust Control Method for Lateral Stability Control of In-Wheel Motored Electric Vehicle Based on Sideslip Angle Observer

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaxiong Wang ◽  
Feng Kang ◽  
Taipeng Wang ◽  
Hongbin Ren
Keyword(s):  
Robust Control ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Stability Control ◽  
Lateral Stability ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Sideslip Angle ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
Yaw Moment

In-wheel motored powertrain on electric vehicles has more potential in maneuverability and active safety control. This paper investigates the longitudinal and lateral integrated control through the active front steering and yaw moment control systems considering the saturation characteristics of tire forces. To obtain the vehicle sideslip angle of mass center, the virtual lateral tire force sensors are designed based on the unscented Kalman filtering (UKF). And the sideslip angle is estimated by using the dynamics-based approaches. Moreover, based on the estimated vehicle state information, an upper level control system by using robust control theory is proposed to specify a desired yaw moment and correction front steering angle to work on the electric vehicles. The robustness of proposed algorithm is also analyzed. The wheel torques are distributed optimally by the wheel torque distribution control algorithm. Numerical simulation is carried out in Matlab/Simulink-Carsim cosimulation environment to demonstrate the effectiveness of the designed robust control algorithm for lateral stability control of in-wheel motored vehicle.

scholarly journals LABORATORY STUDY OF ASPHALT STARBIT E-55 POLYMER MODIFIED APPLICATION ON ASPHALT CONCRETE WEARING COURSE (AC-WC) IN TERMS OF DURABILITY AND INDIRECT TENSILE STRENGTH

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Damianus Kans Pangaraya
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Vehicle Load ◽  
Asphalt Road ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Polymer Modified Bitumen

The conventional asphalt road has almost been considered fail to serve the transportation needs. It is indicated by the occurrence of premature damage which is caused by vehicle load and climate. Starbit E-55, the polymer modified bitumen, is formulated to meet the requirement of transport development. Considering those needs, it is important to investigate the feasibility level of that modified bitumen as alternate asphalt instead of the conventional one. This research began with the measurement of the properties of hard layered AC-WC Starbit E-55, then comparing the result to 60/70 penetration of Pertamina asphalt. The next step is then, to determine the converted value so as to be close to that of Pertamina (60/70 penetration). This step is conducted by applying durability and ITS tests on the mixture. Result of the tests showed that hard layered AC-WC Starbit E-55 has better characteristic at 5.7% optimum level asphalt and 6.4% of Pertamina asphalt (60/70 penetration). Starbit E-55 converted level within hard-layered ACWC is 5.6%. The performance test result on immersion with variance of 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days shows that durability value of Starbit E-55 AC-WC has better performance. During the process, Starbit E-55 required 15.38% higher energy consumption.

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