scholarly journals Clinical Diagnosis of Endometrial Polyps Using Multioperator Algorithm Combined with Hysteroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Dongfang Han ◽  
Dajun Wang ◽  
Ba Sangzeren ◽  
Xiaomei Li
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
Endometrial Polyps ◽  
Hysteroscopic Surgery ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Exploring the effects of uterine imaging and hysteroscopy of endometrial polyps, this article has chosen the treatment effect of 50 cases of intrauterine polyps to observe hysteroscopy. The results showed that the diagnosis and sensitivity, specificity, positive, negative, and consistency were passed through various diagnostic methods ( P < 0.05 ). The diagnostic sensitivity of antidiagnosis combination and series combination was 90.0%, 64.0%, 96.0%, 92.0%, 80.0%, 80.0%, 88.0%, and 92.0%, parallel diagnosis with high sensitivity, significantly higher than simple diagnosis ( P < 0.05 ). Therefore, in the clinical treatment of endometrial polyps, hysteroscopic surgery is a safe and effective treatment, which can remove endometrial quality, improve the clinical symptoms of patients, and reduce the interference and postoperative recovery process of surgical trauma.

scholarly journals A comparative study between placental alpha microglobulin-1 rapid immunoassay and standard diagnostic methods for detection of rupture of membranes

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1813
Author(s):  
Hemant Deshpande ◽  
Umesh Sabale ◽  
C. S. Madkar ◽  
Anuja Bobe
Keyword(s):  
False Negative ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Emergency Cesarean ◽  
One Step ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Very High

Background: To determine the efficacy of an immunoassay to measure levels of placental alpha-microglobulin-1 in cervico-vaginal secretions.Methods: 100 ANC cases admitted in Dr D. Y. Patil Hospital with symptoms of rupture of membranes during study period. Inclusion criteria-Pregnant women who presented with symptoms of ROM either in labour or not in labour, gestational age from 28 weeks onwards and who have given consent.Results: In 9 cases, the immunoassay test was negative, in 91 cases, it was positive and in one case, the liquor had a lot of meconium, the woman had to undergo an emergency cesarean section. This patient was deemed to have a false negative result by the test. Pooling was positive in 87 cases, nitrazine test in 86 cases and ferning in 88 cases. Hence, in comparison to immunoassay test which had 100% specificity and 98.91% sensitivity due to incomplete evaluation, nitrazine test had 95.58% sensitivity and 100% specificity, Pooling has 97.79% sensitivity and 100% specificity, whereas ferning has 98.34% sensitivity and 100% specificity.Conclusions: The PAMG1 is a non-invasive, rapid, one step test with very high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy as compared to the conventional methods together and also individually. Preforming this test instead of conventional methods can aid the early detection of rupture of membranes and largely affect the outcome of maternal and fetal health as timely decision can be taken once diagnosis is confirmed.

scholarly journals Reliability of Cobas Amplicor PCR test in detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in respiratory and nonorespiratory specimens

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 992-997
Author(s):  
Zorica Lepsanovic ◽  
Dejana Savic ◽  
Branka Tomanovic
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Background/Aim. Traditional methods for detection of mycobacteria, such as microscopic examination for the presence of acid-fast bacilli and isolation of the organism by culture, have either a low sensitivity and/or specificity, or take weeks before a definite result is available. Molecular methods, especially those based on nucleic acid amplification, are rapid diagnostic methods which combine high sensitivity and high specificity. The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of the Cobas Amplicor Mycobacterium tuberculosis polymerase chain reaction (CAPCR) assay in detecting the tuberculosis cause in respiratory and nonrespiratory specimens (compared to culture). Methods. Specimens were decontaminated by the N-acetyl-L-cystein- NaOH method. A 500 ?L aliquot of the processed specimen were used for inoculation of L?wenstein-Jensen (L-J) slants, a drop for acid-fast staining, and 100 ?L for PCR. The Cobas Amplicor PCR was performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Results. A total of 110 respiratory and 355 nonrespiratory specimens were investigated. After resolving discrepancies by reviewing medical history, overall sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for CA-PCR assay compared to culture, were 83%, 100%, 100%, and 96.8%, respectively. In comparison, they were 50%, 99.7%, 87.5%, and 98%, respectively, for the nonrespiratory specimens. The inhibition rate was 2.8% for respiratory, and 7.6% for nonrespiratory specimens. Conclusion. CA-PCR is a reliable assay that enables specialists to start treatment promptly on a positive test result. Lower value for specificity in a group of nonrespiratory specimens is a consequence of an extremely small number of mycobacteria in some of them.

scholarly journals Evaluation of in-house ELISA and 11 commercial ELISA kits in the serological diagnosis of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
Waldemar Rastawicki ◽  
Klaudia Płaza ◽  
Adam Pietrusiński
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys

Introduction: ELISA-Immunoassays can complement the molecular diagnostic methods, and can be one of the important tools of sero-surveillance and vaccine evaluation. The aim of the presented study was to develop in-house ELISA and evaluate 11 commercial ELISA tests for detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in serum samples collected from COVID patients. Methods: In total, 237 serum samples obtained from 165 people with COVID-19 with RT-PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 virus infection were used for the study. The specificity of the developed in-house ELISA kit was tested using 170 serum samples obtained from patients with various bacterial and viral infections. The study used an in-house ELISA and 11 commercial ELISA kits developed by various manufacturers. Results: The presented study showed high sensitivity (81.0%) and specificity (97.2%) of the developed in-house kit in relation to the RT-PCR method. The sensitivity of the inhouse test significantly increased (98.1%) when only convalescents - persons at least 3 weeks after COVID-19 were examined. Commercial ELISA kits most frequently detected IgG antibodies (from 44.9% to 89.4%), especially in samples obtained later in the disease, and the least frequent detection of IgM antibodies (from 4.2% to 42.4%). Conclusions: All the presented ELISA kits may be used in serodiagnosis of COVID-19 however the detection of antibodies in individual tests differed quite significantly and was dependent on the period of the disease, on the class of immunoglobulins and the type of antigen used. The sensitivity of serological tests in the IgG class is clearly higher when examining samples obtained at least 2-3 weeks from the onset of clinical symptoms. Searching for IgA antibodies may be useful mainly in the early phase of the disease while IgM antibodies does not provide significant additional information. In the case of asymptomatic or mild infection, the level of antibodies is low which may be the cause problems with the correct interpretation of epidemiological surveys

scholarly journals Validity of Method for MTBC and NTM Detection in FNAB Specimens from Tuberculous Lymphadenitis Using Microscopy, XPERT MTB / RIF and Culture Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Herisa Nataliana Junus ◽  
Ni Made Mertaniasih ◽  
Soedarsono Soedarsono
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Paper Strip ◽  
Tuberculous Lymphadenitis ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria usually cause infection in tuberculous lymphadenitis. To improve accuracy of the detection MTB and NTM bacteria it is necessary to select valid methods. This study aims to compare validity of diagnostic methods from FNAB specimens for determining tuberculous lymphadenitis patients. a descriptive observational laboratory study involved 35 samples were obtained from tuberculous lymphadenitis patients in Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya East Java. All specimens examined Ziehl-Neelsen staining microscopy, Xpert MTB/RIF , culture method Middlebrook7H10 solid media and  MGIT as Gold standard. Identification of MTB dan NTM with SD Bioline TB Ag MPT64 and niacin paper strip BD . Used diagnostic test 2x2 to analyze sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value and positive predictive value. Ziehl-Neelsen staining microscopy Sensitivity 83,33 %  and Specificity 95,65% of  , PPV  90,91%and NPV 91,67%, Diagnostic Accuracy 91,43 % . Xpert MTB/RIF Sensitivity 75% and Specificity 95,65% , PPV  90 % and NPV 88 %, Diagnostic Accuracy 88,57 % with 95% CI (Confidence Interval ) . Characteristics female dominated 23/35 (65.7%) while Male numbered 12/35 (34.3%), age range distribution of TB lymphadenitis patients is highest in young adults 17 years to 25 years as many as 15/35 (42.9%) the second highest is the age group of 36 years to 45 years by 8/35 (22.9%), Clinicial presentation are mostly lymph node enlargement in cervical  37% patients other locations supraclavicular ,mamae. Clinical symptoms mostly lymphadenopathy 31,5% and other lymphadenopathy with fever. Microscopy method still have the good validity shoul be conjunction with the  molecular rapid tests and culture as gold standard in determining the diagnosis of TB lymphadenitis.

scholarly journals Nanotechnology in cancer diagnosis: progress, challenges and opportunities

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Maoyu Li ◽  
Xiaomei Gao ◽  
Yongheng Chen ◽  
Ting Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Cancer Early Detection ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

AbstractIn the fight against cancer, early detection is a key factor for successful treatment. However, the detection of cancer in the early stage has been hindered by the intrinsic limits of conventional cancer diagnostic methods. Nanotechnology provides high sensitivity, specificity, and multiplexed measurement capacity and has therefore been investigated for the detection of extracellular cancer biomarkers and cancer cells, as well as for in vivo imaging. This review summarizes the latest developments in nanotechnology applications for cancer diagnosis. In addition, the challenges in the translation of nanotechnology-based diagnostic methods into clinical applications are discussed.

TO SEPARATELY ASSESS THE DIAGNOSTIC POTENTIAL OF TVS & MRI IN THE TERMS OF SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY BY CORRELATING THE IMAGING FINDINGS WITH HISTOPATHOLOGY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suraj Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Imaging Evaluation ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Conventional Mri ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Adc Mapping ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

This prospective study was done in the Department of Radio diagnosis Govt. Medical College, Kozhikode. A total of 65 patients who were referred to our department with clinical suspicion of endometrial lesions and incidentally detected endometrial lesions on ultrasonography underwent transvaginal ultrasound and subsequent Imaging evaluation of pelvis MRI has very high sensitivity (95%) and specificity (98%) and is almost as accurate (97%) as histopathology in differentiating benign from malignant lesions. Addition of DWI with ADC mapping to conventional MRI increases its accuracy even more. However there is inherent limitation to MRI in detecting carcinoma in situ and micrometastasis. Keywords: TVS, MRI, Sensitivity, Specificity, Histopathology.

Transvaginal Ultrasonography and Saline Infusion Sonography Compared to Hysteroscopy for Diagnosis of Intracavity Lesion: A 4-Year Experience in Suburban Referral Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 585-593
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Saline Infusion ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasonography ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Endometrial Polyps ◽  
Saline Infusion Sonography ◽  
Submucous Myoma ◽  
Kappa Value ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS) and saline infusion sonography (SIS) in use for the diagnosis of endometrial polyps and submucous myoma compared to hysteroscopy. Histopathology was considered as the gold standard for final diagnosis. Materials and Methods: The present retrospective study was conducted at Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand between January 2014 and December 2017. Medical records of 150 patients who attended for hysteroscopy and histopathological diagnosis were reviewed. The accuracy of TVS and SIS for the diagnosis of endometrial polyps and submucous myoma were determined. Results: Out of 150 enrolled cases, endometrial polyp was the most frequent hysteroscopic finding in participants of the present study (92/150). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of TVS, SIS, and hysteroscopy compared to pathologic reports for detection endometrial polyps were 71.7% versus 93.5% versus 97.8%, 38.5% versus 52.2% versus 68.2%, 80.5% versus 88.7% versus 92.8%, 27.8% versus 66.7% versus 88.2%, and 64.4% versus 85.2% versus 92.1%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of TVS, SIS, and hysteroscopy for detection of submucous myoma were 81.6% versus 92.1% versus 94.7%, 66.7% versus 86.9% versus 100%, 77.5% versus 92.1% versus 100%, 72.0% versus 86.9% versus 90.9%, and 75.4% versus 90.2% versus 96.6%, respectively. The kappa value from TVS, SIS, and hysteroscopy when the histopathologic reports were overall intrauterine abnormalities, endometrial polyps and submucous myoma were 0.45/0.43/0.72, 0.77/0.76/0.89, and 0.92/0.92/1.00, respectively. Conclusion: Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy, and kappa value of SIS for detecting endometrial polyps and submucous myoma were better than TVS. Keywords: Ultrasonography, Saline infusion sonography, Hysteroscopy, Accuracy

Trends in Diagnosis for Active Tuberculosis Using Nanomaterials

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1946-1959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Minh Tu Phan ◽  
Lemma Teshome Tufa ◽  
Hwa-Jung Kim ◽  
Jaebeom Lee ◽  
Tae Jung Park
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Clinical Tools ◽  
Diagnostic Applications

Background:Tuberculosis (TB), one of the leading causes of death worldwide, is difficult to diagnose based only on signs and symptoms. Methods for TB detection are continuously being researched to design novel effective clinical tools for the diagnosis of TB.Objective:This article reviews the methods to diagnose TB at the latent and active stages and to recognize prospective TB diagnostic methods based on nanomaterials.Methods:The current methods for TB diagnosis were reviewed by evaluating their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, the trends in TB detection using nanomaterials were discussed regarding their performance capacity for clinical diagnostic applications.Results:Current methods such as microscopy, culture, and tuberculin skin test are still being employed to diagnose TB, however, a highly sensitive point of care tool without false results is still needed. The utilization of nanomaterials to detect the specific TB biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity can provide a possible strategy to rapidly diagnose TB. Although it is challenging for nanodiagnostic platforms to be assessed in clinical trials, active TB diagnosis using nanomaterials is highly expected to achieve clinical significance for regular application. In addition, aspects and future directions in developing the high-efficiency tools to diagnose active TB using advanced nanomaterials are expounded.Conclusion:This review suggests that nanomaterials have high potential as rapid, costeffective tools to enhance the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for the accurate diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of TB. Hence, portable nanobiosensors can be alternative effective tests to be exploited globally after clinical trial execution.

scholarly journals Use of β-D-glucan in diagnosis of suspected Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in adults with HIV infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 095646242110222
Author(s):  
Thomas Juniper ◽  
Chris P Eades ◽  
Eliza Gil ◽  
Harriet Fodder ◽  
Killian Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Pneumocystis Pneumonia ◽  
Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia ◽  
Alternative Diagnosis ◽  
Positive Threshold ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Objectives: An elevated serum (1-3)-β-D-glucan (BDG) concentration has high sensitivity for a diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in people with HIV (PWH). At the current manufacturer-recommended positive threshold of 80 pg/mL (Fungitell), specificity for PCP is variable and other diagnostic tests are required. We evaluated the utility of serum BDG for diagnosis of suspected PCP in PWH at three inner-London hospitals to determine BDG concentrations for diagnosis and exclusion of PCP. Methods: From clinical case records, we abstracted demographic and clinical information and categorised patients as having confirmed or probable PCP, or an alternative diagnosis. We calculated sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) of serum BDG concentrations >400 pg/mL and negative predictive value (NPV) of BDG <80 pg/mL. Results: 76 patients were included; 29 had laboratory-confirmed PCP, 17 had probable PCP and 30 had an alternative diagnosis. Serum BDG >400 pg/mL had a sensitivity of 83%, specificity of 97% and PPV 97% for diagnosis of PCP; BDG <80 pg/mL had 100% NPV for exclusion of PCP. Conclusions: In PWH with suspected PCP, BDG <80 pg/mL excludes a diagnosis of PCP, whereas BDG concentrations >400 pg/mL effectively confirm the diagnosis. Values 80–400 pg/mL should prompt additional diagnostic tests.

scholarly journals The Child Behavior Checklist as a Screening Instrument for PTSD in Refugee Children

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 521
Author(s):  
Ina Nehring ◽  
Heribert Sattel ◽  
Maesa Al-Hallak ◽  
Martin Sack ◽  
Peter Henningsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Behavior ◽  
Child Behavior Checklist ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Screening Instrument ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Thousands of refugees who have entered Europe experienced threatening conditions, potentially leading to post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which has to be detected and treated early to avoid chronic manifestation, especially in children. We aimed to evaluate and test suitable screening tools to detect PTSD in children. Syrian refugee children aged 4–14 years were examined using the PTSD-semi-structured interview, the Kinder-DIPS, and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The latter was evaluated as a potential screening tool for PTSD using (i) the CBCL-PTSD subscale and (ii) an alternative subscale consisting of a psychometrically guided selection of items with an appropriate correlation to PTSD and a sufficient prevalence (presence in more than 20% of the cases with PTSD). For both tools we calculated sensitivity, specificity, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Depending on the sum score of the items, the 20-item CBCL-PTSD subscale as used in previous studies yielded a maximal sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 76%. The psychometrically guided item selection resulted in a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 83%. The areas under the ROC curves were the same for both tools (0.9). Both subscales may be suitable as screening instrument for PTSD in refugee children, as they reveal a high sensitivity and specificity.

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