scholarly journals Effect of Electrical Stimulation on Ocular Cells: A Means for Improving Ocular Tissue Engineering and Treatments of Eye Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Sanie-Jahromi ◽  
Ali Azizi ◽  
Sahar Shariat ◽  
Mohammadkarim Johari
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Ocular Tissue ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Optic Nerve Diseases ◽  
Exact Effect ◽  
Biophysical Interactions

Tissue engineering is biomedical engineering that uses suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to assemble functional constructs that restore or improve damaged tissues. Recently, cell therapies as a subset of tissue engineering have been very promising in the treatment of ocular diseases. One of the most important biophysical factors to make this happen is noninvasive electrical stimulation (ES) to target ocular cells that may preserve vision in multiple retinal and optic nerve diseases. The science of cellular and biophysical interactions is very exciting in regenerative medicine now. Although the exact effect of ES on cells is unknown, multiple mechanisms are considered to underlie the effects of ES, including increased production of neurotrophic agents, improved cell migration, and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines and cellular apoptosis. In this review, we highlighted the effects of ES on ocular cells, especially on the corneal, retinal, and optic nerve cells. Initially, we summarized the current literature on the in vitro and in vivo effects of ES on ocular cells and then we provided the clinical studies describing the effect of ES on ocular complications. For each area, we used some of the most impactful articles to show the important concepts and results that advanced the state of these interactions. We conclude with reflections on emerging new areas and perspectives for future development in this field.

Preclinical Challenges and Clinical Target of Nanomaterials in Regenerative Medicine

2018 ◽  
pp. 1402-1423
Author(s):  
Martin Reinhardt ◽  
Shibashish Giri ◽  
Augustinus Bader
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Stem Cell Biology ◽  
Organ Engineering ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Present Generation

Currently, practical application of nanotechnological approaches and stem cell therapies remains a challenge in both preclinical and clinical settings. Many existing problems in tissue engineering to organ engineering have been solved by the combined approaches of nanotechnology and stem cell biology, but significant barriers remain. Details about the role of various types of nanomaterial in preclinical and clinical research have been reviewed elsewhere, but scant information exists about the influence of nanomaterials on stem cell biology. Herein, the authors highlight the current advances of nanotechnological approaches for expansion, differentiations, harvesting, labeling, imagining, tissue engineering, and organ engineering of different types of stem cells. The preclinical outcome of in vitro and in vivo animal experimentations along with some examples of clinical outcomes of nanomaterials on stem cell research is the main focus of this chapter. This book chapter might be an impetus for the present generation of young scientists to revolutionize the coming generation of effective human healthcare.

Preclinical Challenges and Clinical Target of Nanomaterials in Regenerative Medicine

2015 ◽  
pp. 350-371
Author(s):  
Martin Reinhardt ◽  
Shibashish Giri ◽  
Augustinus Bader
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Stem Cell Biology ◽  
Organ Engineering ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Present Generation

Currently, practical application of nanotechnological approaches and stem cell therapies remains a challenge in both preclinical and clinical settings. Many existing problems in tissue engineering to organ engineering have been solved by the combined approaches of nanotechnology and stem cell biology, but significant barriers remain. Details about the role of various types of nanomaterial in preclinical and clinical research have been reviewed elsewhere, but scant information exists about the influence of nanomaterials on stem cell biology. Herein, the authors highlight the current advances of nanotechnological approaches for expansion, differentiations, harvesting, labeling, imagining, tissue engineering, and organ engineering of different types of stem cells. The preclinical outcome of in vitro and in vivo animal experimentations along with some examples of clinical outcomes of nanomaterials on stem cell research is the main focus of this chapter. This book chapter might be an impetus for the present generation of young scientists to revolutionize the coming generation of effective human healthcare.

scholarly journals Wound Healing with Electrical Stimulation Technologies: A Review

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3790
Author(s):  
Yt Jun Cheah ◽  
Muhamad Ramdzan Buyong ◽  
Mohd Heikal Mohd Mohd Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Care Management ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Smart Biomaterials

Electrical stimulation (ES) is an attractive field among clinicians in the topic of wound healing, which is common yet complicated and requires multidisciplinary approaches. The conventional dressing and skin graft showed no promise on complete wound closure. These urge the need for the exploration of electrical stimulation to supplement current wound care management. This review aims to provide an overview of electrical stimulation in wound healing. The mechanism of galvanotaxis related to wound repair will be reviewed at the cellular and molecular levels. Meanwhile, different modalities of externally applied electricity mimicking a physiologic electric field will be discussed and compared in vitro, in vivo, and clinically. With the emerging of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, the integration of electroconductive biomaterials into modern miniaturised dressing is of interest and has become possible with the advancing understanding of smart biomaterials.

Decellularized bone extracellular matrix in skeletal tissue engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-764
Author(s):  
Benjamin B. Rothrauff ◽  
Rocky S. Tuan
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Skeletal Tissue ◽  
Large Bone

Bone possesses an intrinsic regenerative capacity, which can be compromised by aging, disease, trauma, and iatrogenesis (e.g. tumor resection, pharmacological). At present, autografts and allografts are the principal biological treatments available to replace large bone segments, but both entail several limitations that reduce wider use and consistent success. The use of decellularized extracellular matrices (ECM), often derived from xenogeneic sources, has been shown to favorably influence the immune response to injury and promote site-appropriate tissue regeneration. Decellularized bone ECM (dbECM), utilized in several forms — whole organ, particles, hydrogels — has shown promise in both in vitro and in vivo animal studies to promote osteogenic differentiation of stem/progenitor cells and enhance bone regeneration. However, dbECM has yet to be investigated in clinical studies, which are needed to determine the relative efficacy of this emerging biomaterial as compared with established treatments. This mini-review highlights the recent exploration of dbECM as a biomaterial for skeletal tissue engineering and considers modifications on its future use to more consistently promote bone regeneration.

In vitro- / in vivo- Untersuchungen zur Biokompatibilität und Bioresorption amorpher Kieselgelfaser für das Tissue engineering humaner Knorpelgewebe

2004 ◽  
Vol 83 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Haisch ◽  
A Evers ◽  
K Jöhrens-Leder ◽  
S Jovanovic ◽  
B Sedlmaier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering

Surface Modification by Nanobiomaterials for Vascular Tissue Engineering Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1634-1646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huey-Shan Hung ◽  
Shan-hui Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Vascular Grafts ◽  
Vascular Tissue Engineering ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Vascular Biomaterials

Treatment of cardiovascular disease has achieved great success using artificial implants, particularly synthetic-polymer made grafts. However, thrombus formation and restenosis are the current clinical problems need to be conquered. New biomaterials, modifying the surface of synthetic vascular grafts, have been created to improve long-term patency for the better hemocompatibility. The vascular biomaterials can be fabricated from synthetic or natural polymers for vascular tissue engineering. Stem cells can be seeded by different techniques into tissue-engineered vascular grafts in vitro and implanted in vivo to repair the vascular tissues. To overcome the thrombogenesis and promote the endothelialization effect, vascular biomaterials employing nanotopography are more bio-mimic to the native tissue made and have been engineered by various approaches such as prepared as a simple surface coating on the vascular biomaterials. It has now become an important and interesting field to find novel approaches to better endothelization of vascular biomaterials. In this article, we focus to review the techniques with better potential improving endothelization and summarize for vascular biomaterial application. This review article will enable the development of biomaterials with a high degree of originality, innovative research on novel techniques for surface fabrication for vascular biomaterials application.

Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from humans and animals into insulin-producing cells: An overview in vitro induction forms

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna O. S. Câmara ◽  
Bruno M. Bertassoli ◽  
Natália M. Ocarino ◽  
Rogéria Serakides
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Adipogenic Differentiation ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Insulin Producing Cells ◽  
Msc Differentiation

The use of stem cells in cell therapies has shown promising results in the treatment of several diseases, including diabetes mellitus, in both humans and animals. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from various locations, including bone marrow, adipose tissues, synovia, muscles, dental pulp, umbilical cords, and the placenta. In vitro, by manipulating the composition of the culture medium or transfection, MSCs can differentiate into several cell lineages, including insulin-producing cells (IPCs). Unlike osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation, for which the culture medium and time are similar between studies, studies involving the induction of MSC differentiation in IPCs differ greatly. This divergence is usually evident in relation to the differentiation technique used, the composition of the culture medium, the cultivation time, which can vary from a few hours to several months, and the number of steps to complete differentiation. However, although there is no “gold standard” differentiation medium composition, most prominent studies mention the use of nicotinamide, exedin-4, ß-mercaptoethanol, fibroblast growth factor b (FGFb), and glucose in the culture medium to promote the differentiation of MSCs into IPCs. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to investigate the stages of MSC differentiation into IPCs both in vivo and in vitro, as well as address differentiation techniques and molecular actions and mechanisms by which some substances, such as nicotinamide, exedin-4, ßmercaptoethanol, FGFb, and glucose, participate in the differentiation process.

scholarly journals Recycled algae-based carbon materials as electroconductive 3D printed skeletal muscle tissue engineering scaffolds

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Selva Bilge ◽  
Emre Ergene ◽  
Ebru Talak ◽  
Seyda Gokyer ◽  
Yusuf Osman Donar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Carbonaceous Material ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Tissue ◽  
Myotube Formation ◽  
3D Printed

AbstractSkeletal muscle is an electrically and mechanically active tissue that contains highly oriented, densely packed myofibrils. The tissue has self-regeneration capacity upon injury, which is limited in the cases of volumetric muscle loss. Several regenerative therapies have been developed in order to enhance this capacity, as well as to structurally and mechanically support the defect site during regeneration. Among them, biomimetic approaches that recapitulate the native microenvironment of the tissue in terms of parallel-aligned structure and biophysical signals were shown to be effective. In this study, we have developed 3D printed aligned and electrically active scaffolds in which the electrical conductivity was provided by carbonaceous material (CM) derived from algae-based biomass. The synthesis of this conductive and functional CM consisted of eco-friendly synthesis procedure such as pre-carbonization and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) catalysis. CM obtained from biomass via hydrothermal carbonization (CM-03) and its ash form (CM-03K) were doped within poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) matrix and 3D printed to form scaffolds with aligned fibers for structural biomimicry. Scaffolds were seeded with C2C12 mouse myoblasts and subjected to electrical stimulation during the in vitro culture. Enhanced myotube formation was observed in electroactive groups compared to their non-conductive counterparts and it was observed that myotube formation and myotube maturity were significantly increased for CM-03 group after electrical stimulation. The results have therefore showed that the CM obtained from macroalgae biomass is a promising novel source for the production of the electrically conductive scaffolds for skeletal muscle tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Collagen-Based Electrospun Materials for Tissue Engineering: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Britani N. Blackstone ◽  
Summer C. Gallentine ◽  
Heather M. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Collagen Type I ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pool Data ◽  
Type I ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Increased Strength

Collagen is a key component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in organs and tissues throughout the body and is used for many tissue engineering applications. Electrospinning of collagen can produce scaffolds in a wide variety of shapes, fiber diameters and porosities to match that of the native ECM. This systematic review aims to pool data from available manuscripts on electrospun collagen and tissue engineering to provide insight into the connection between source material, solvent, crosslinking method and functional outcomes. D-banding was most often observed in electrospun collagen formed using collagen type I isolated from calfskin, often isolated within the laboratory, with short solution solubilization times. All physical and chemical methods of crosslinking utilized imparted resistance to degradation and increased strength. Cytotoxicity was observed at high concentrations of crosslinking agents and when abbreviated rinsing protocols were utilized. Collagen and collagen-based scaffolds were capable of forming engineered tissues in vitro and in vivo with high similarity to the native structures.

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