scholarly journals A Novel Decoding Method for the Erasure Codes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Dan Tang ◽  
Hongliang Cai
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Finite Field ◽  
Distributed Storage ◽  
Transformation Matrix ◽  
Erasure Codes ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Replication Method ◽  
Decoding Efficiency ◽  
Research Studies

The erasure codes are widely used in the distributed storage with low redundancy compared to the replication method. However, the current research studies about the erasure codes mainly focus on the encoding methods, while there are few studies on the decoding methods. In this paper, a novel erasure decoding method is proposed; it is a general decoding method and can be used both over the multivariate finite field and the binary finite field. The decoding of the failures can be realized based on the transforming process of the decoding transformation matrix, and it is convenient to avoid the overburdened visiting problem by tiny modification of the method. The correctness of the method is proved by the theoretical analysis; the experiments about the comparison with the traditional methods show that the proposed method has better decoding efficiency and lower reconstruction bandwidth.

AN EXPLORATION OF NON-ASYMPTOTIC LOW-DENSITY, PARITY CHECK ERASURE CODES FOR WIDE-AREA STORAGE APPLICATIONS

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 103-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES S. PLANK ◽  
MICHAEL G. THOMASON
Keyword(s):  
Storage Systems ◽  
Distributed Storage ◽  
Ldpc Codes ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Erasure Codes ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Parity Check ◽  
Finite Systems ◽  
Low Density Parity Check ◽  
Distributed Storage Systems

As peer-to-peer and widely distributed storage systems proliferate, the need to perform efficient erasure coding, instead of replication, is crucial to performance and efficiency. Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes have arisen as alternatives to standard erasure codes, such as Reed-Solomon codes, trading off vastly improved decoding performance for inefficiencies in the amount of data that must be acquired to perform decoding. The scores of papers written on LDPC codes typically analyze their collective and asymptotic behavior. Unfortunately, their practical application requires the generation and analysis of individual codes for finite systems. This paper attempts to illuminate the practical considerations of LDPC codes for peer-to-peer and distributed storage systems. The three main types of LDPC codes are detailed, and a huge variety of codes are generated, then analyzed using simulation. This analysis focuses on the performance of individual codes for finite systems, and addresses several important heretofore unanswered questions about employing LDPC codes in real-world systems.

Cyclic Structure in Regenerating Codes

2014 ◽  
Vol 539 ◽  
pp. 416-419
Author(s):  
Wen Juan Liang ◽  
Ying Du
Keyword(s):  
Storage Systems ◽  
Distributed Storage ◽  
Erasure Codes ◽  
Cyclic Structure ◽  
Distributed Storage Systems ◽  
Regenerating Codes ◽  
Original Message

Regenerating codes are a class of erasure codes for distributed storage. The use of regenerating codes not only improves reliability of distributed storage systems, but also minimizes repairing bandwidth when storage nodes failed and need to be repaired. In this paper, we investigate the cyclic structure of hybrid regenerating codes which each node has two fragments with the first fragment stores original message and the second fragment stores parity message. A fast repairing algorithm is also proposed.

scholarly journals Using Facebook Advertisements and Online Resources to Recruit Tattoo Artists for a Web-based Survey (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica LC Sapp ◽  
Robert L Vogel ◽  
Joseph Telfair ◽  
Julie K Reagan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Recruitment Methods ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Online Advertisement ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Research Studies

BACKGROUND Almost one-third of U.S. adults (29%) have a tattoo, and almost half (47%) of millennials reported having a tattoo. With more people getting tattoos, there is an increased risk for infectious diseases, skin infections, and allergic reactions. Tattoo artists can influence these health risks with their standards of practice, tattoo inks, and sterilization techniques. Although tattoos are becoming mainstream, it was unclear if tattoo artists would be a hard-to-reach population. Using social media sites represent a promising method for recruiting tattoo artists for online survey research studies. OBJECTIVE To evaluate various online platforms and traditional methods for recruiting tattoo artists into a descriptive, online survey study. METHODS From September 2015 to February 2016, tattoo artists who primarily tattooed in the United States were recruited using both online and traditional methods. Recruitment occurred via Facebook advertisements, Instagram, Twitter, website, online advertisement, emails, and postcards mailed to tattoo shops. RESULTS Recruitment methods resulted in 2332 respondents, of which 1845 answered question one, “Are you a tattoo artist?” Only 1571 were tattoo artists. Facebook advertisements recruited the most study participants. Facebook accounted for 1228 (78.17%) respondents who were tattoo artists. This number surpassed the next leading category of HTTP referer unknown, which had 268 (17.06%). The [removed for blinded manuscript] website recruited 45 (2.86%) tattoo artists while other online sources contributed to 28 (1.78%). Twitter and email had the lowest response rate with only 0.06% (n=1) each. CONCLUSIONS Social media sites enhanced survey participation, making it easier to reach tattoo artists nationwide. Of the recruitment methods used, Facebook advertisements were the most effective option, both for cost and recruitment rates. This study’s findings extend previous research studies that demonstrated the timeliness, ease, and effectiveness of using Facebook advertisements for recruitment.

On the Improvement of Statistical Accounting for Tourist Trips Amidst Crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
A. O. Ovcharov
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Domestic Tourist ◽  
Research Studies

The article substantiates the relevance of the issues in question, which have been exacerbated by the coronavirus pandemic and provides a brief overview of the scientific and practical sources, as well as a description of current research related to both traditional methods of statistical accounting of tourist travel and methods based on the use of big data sources.The review shows current methodology as well as different suggestions, encountered in various research studies, on how to assess inbound, outbound and domestic travel. The evolution of Rosstat’s approaches to accounting for the number of inbound and outbound trips has been analyzed, and certain adjustments to existing methods relating to the accounting of organized and unorganized trips have been proposed.The results of calculations illustrating the predominance of unorganized tourism when making inbound and outbound trips are presented. In general, it is concluded that the most difficult is the comprehensive monitoring of internal travel. Three possible approaches to the accounting of trips are shown. The option of using the approach to accounting for domestic tourist travel based on monitoring of passenger traffic, which is consistent with international recommendations and the existing classification group «Tourism» in our country, is proposed. In addition, the option of accounting for domestic regional tourist trips based on official forms of reporting is shown.It is the author’s opinion that the implementation of the reasoned proposals should serve to improve the reliability and objectivity of statistics on tourist travel. This, in turn, will create the conditions for improving measures to support the tourism sector of the economy, particularly necessary in the economic crisis triggered by the coronavirus pandemic.

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