Vaping and Commitment Flu-B Infection Is a Deadly Combination for Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum

Vaping or E-cigarettes were created to deliver nicotine-containing aerosol to users with a flavoring agent without agents such as tars, oxidant gases, and carbon monoxide smoke found in traditional tobacco cigarettes. The use of E-cigarettes is steadily increasing in the United States, especially among the young population. Electronic cigarettes seem capable of causing various injury patterns in the lungs, collectively called E-cigarettes or vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI). Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is a rare finding in EVALI. Here, we report a case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum secondary to vaping in a young man with no past medical history except for daily vaping and a recent untreated influenza infection.

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Electronic cigarettes: How confident and effective are allergists, pulmonologists, and primary care physicians in their practice behavior?

Allergy and Asthma Proceedings ◽

10.2500/aap.2020.41.200009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 192-197

Author(s):

Sherry S. Zhou ◽

Alan P. Baptist

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Primary Care Physicians ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

The United States ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Exact Test ◽

Knowledge And Beliefs ◽

Tobacco Cigarette ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Personal Use

Background: There has been a striking increase in electronic cigarette (EC) use in the United States. The beliefs and practices toward ECs among physicians are unknown. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate EC practice patterns among allergists, pulmonologists, and primary care physicians. Methods: An anonymous survey was sent to physicians. The survey contained 32 questions and addressed issues related to demographics, cessation counseling behaviors, personal use, and knowledge and beliefs about ECs. Statistical analysis was performed by using analysis of variance, the Pearson χ2 test, Fisher exact test, and logistic regression. Results: A total of 291 physicians completed the survey (222 primary care physicians, 33 pulmonologists, and 36 allergists) for a response rate of 46%. The allergists asked about tobacco cigarette use as frequently as did the pulmonologists and more than the primary care physicians (p < 0.001), but they rarely asked about EC use. The pulmonologists scored highest on self-reported knowledge on ECs, although all the groups answered <40% of the questions correctly. The allergists did not feel as comfortable about providing EC cessation counseling as did the pulmonologists and primary care physicians (p < 0.001). All three groups were equally unlikely to recommend ECs as a cessation tool for tobacco cigarette users. Conclusion: Allergists lacked knowledge and confidence in providing education and cessation counseling for EC users. As the number of patients who use these products continues to increase, there is an urgent need for all physicians to be comfortable and knowledgeable with counseling about ECs.

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Surveillance of U.S. Corporate Filings Provides a Proactive Approach to Inform Tobacco Regulatory Research Strategy

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18063067 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 3067

Author(s):

Samantha Emma Sarles ◽

Edward C. Hensel ◽

Risa J. Robinson

Keyword(s):

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Science Research ◽

The United States ◽

Regulatory Science ◽

Product Launch ◽

High Tech ◽

Proactive Approach ◽

Research Questions ◽

The U.S ◽

Regulatory Actions

The popularity of electronic cigarettes in the United States and around the world has led to a startling rise in youth nicotine use. The Juul® e-cigarette was introduced in the U.S. market in 2015 and had captured approximately 13% of the U.S. market by 2017. Unlike many other contemporary electronic cigarette companies, the founders behind the Juul® e-cigarette approached their product launch like a traditional high-tech start-up company, not like a tobacco company. This article presents a case study of Juul’s corporate and product development history in the context of US regulatory actions. The objective of this article is to demonstrate the value of government-curated archives as leading indicators which can (a) provide insight into emergent technologies and (b) inform emergent regulatory science research questions. A variety of sources were used to gather data about the Juul® e-cigarette and the corporations that surround it. Sources included government agencies, published academic literature, non-profit organizations, corporate and retail websites, and the popular press. Data were disambiguated, authenticated, and categorized prior to being placed on a timeline of events. A timeline of four significant milestones, nineteen corporate filings and events, twelve US regulatory actions, sixty-four patent applications, eighty-seven trademark applications, twenty-three design patents and thirty-two utility patents related to Juul Labs and its associates is presented, spanning the years 2004 through 2020. This work demonstrates the probative value of findings from patent, trademark, and SEC filing literature in establishing a premise for emergent regulatory science research questions which may not yet be supported by traditional archival research literature. The methods presented here can be used to identify key aspects of emerging technologies before products actually enter the market; this shifting policy formulation and problem identification from a paradigm of being reactive in favor of becoming proactive. Such a proactive approach may permit anticipatory regulatory science research and ultimately shorten the elapsed time between market technology innovation and regulatory response.

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Trends in Unit Sales of Flavored and Menthol Electronic Cigarettes in the United States, 2012–2016

Preventing Chronic Disease ◽

10.5888/pcd15.170576 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Nicole M. Kuiper ◽

Brett R. Loomis ◽

Kyle T. Falvey ◽

Doris G. Gammon ◽

Brian A. King ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

The United States

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Carbon monoxide exposures in wildland firefighters in the United States and targets for exposure reduction

Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology ◽

10.1038/s41370-021-00371-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Erin O. Semmens ◽

Cindy S. Leary ◽

Molly R. West ◽

Curtis W. Noonan ◽

Kathleen M. Navarro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Carbon Monoxide ◽

The United States ◽

Exposure Reduction

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Use of electronic cigarettes in the United States service member and Veteran populations: A narrative review (2019)

Military Psychology ◽

10.1080/08995605.2021.1897493 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Charles P. Ross ◽

Jie Lin ◽

Kathryn Hefner ◽

Andrew J. Waters

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

The United States ◽

Service Member ◽

Narrative Review

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MOTHER FIGHTS TO RUIN THE TASTE OF POISON

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.84.4.a42 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 84 (4) ◽

pp. A42-A42

Author(s):

J. F. L.

Keyword(s):

Public Service ◽

Executive Director ◽

The United States ◽

Public Television ◽

Small Children ◽

Nail Polish ◽

Household Products ◽

Promising Area ◽

Poison Prevention ◽

Flavoring Agent

On March 6, a mother in Oregon watched a public television report about British companies that were discouraging children from eating poisonous household products by lacing them with Bitrex, the world's bitterest flavoring agent. The woman, Lynn Tylczak, who has two small children and lives in Albany, 60 miles south of Portland, began a letter-writing campaign that is focusing attention on poison prevention. She may also be speeding Bitrex's journey to supermarket shelves in products like detergents, nail-polish removers, rodenticides and antifreeze. "Mrs. Tylczak has already achieved a certain victory by bringing national attention to this issue," said Linda Golodner, executive director of the National Consumers League in Washington. "She has shown that a single consumer can make a difference." Now she is encouraging manufacturers to add Bitrex to their products by sharing with them letters of support that are sent to her group, the Poison-Proff Project (4384 S.E. Ermine Street, Albany, Ore. 97321). `A Very Promising Area' Consumer and safety organizations in the United States are beginning to notice. On May 5, the National Safety Council, a 13,000-member public-service organization, called on manufacturers to use Bitrex in all appropriate household products. "Bitrex is the most bitter substance known to man," according to the Merck Index. In 1982, some British companies began using Bitrex in household products to deter inquisitive children, but the practice did not grow until two years ago, when the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents endorsed its use.

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Pediatric Collections: Vaping: Effects and Solutions

10.1542/9781610024693 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

United States ◽

Health Care ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

The United States ◽

Care Providers ◽

Tobacco Products ◽

Pediatric Health ◽

Pediatric Health Care

Electronic cigarettes are the tobacco products most commonly used by youths in the United States. The use of e-cigarettes, also known as vaping or JUULing, is a public health epidemic. This collection offers reviews and research to assist pediatric health care providers in identifying and treating adolescent use and exposure to e-cigarettes. https://shop.aap.org/pediatric-collections-vaping-effects-and-solutions-paperback/

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The Pharmacist “Toolbox” for Smoking Cessation

Journal of Pharmacy Practice ◽

10.1177/0897190012460823 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 25 (6) ◽

pp. 591-599 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

William P. Wynn ◽

Ron T. Stroman ◽

Michaela M. Almgren ◽

Kelly J. Clark

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Smoking Cessation ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

The United States ◽

Review Article ◽

Prescription Medications ◽

Over The Counter ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Traditional Therapies

Annually there are 500 000 preventable deaths in the United States caused by smoking; as health care professionals, pharmacists have a unique opportunity to advise, assess, and assist patients to quit smoking. This review article provides pharmacists with a “toolbox” containing an overview of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic methods for smoking cessation. Currently approved over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription medications (nicotine replacement therapy, varenicline, and bupropion) are summarized, and nonpharmacologic therapies discussed include cognitive therapy and hypnosis. In addition to traditional therapies some potential approaches to smoking cessation are addressed, including nicotine immunizations and electronic cigarettes.

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Nicotine and Tobacco

ASAM Handbook of Addiction Medicine ◽

10.1093/med/9780197506172.003.0007 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 149-182

Author(s):

Shadi Nahvi ◽

Darius A. Rastegar

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Smoking Cessation ◽

Lung Disease ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Chronic Lung Disease ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Withdrawal Symptoms ◽

Tobacco Products ◽

Exhaled Carbon Monoxide

Nicotine is responsible for the psychoactive and habit-forming effects of tobacco. Approximately 30% of Americans use tobacco products; half of them are nicotine-dependent. Nicotine has mild stimulant effects. Overdose is rare in experienced users. Some may develop nausea, vomiting, weakness, and dizziness. Withdrawal symptoms include craving, irritability, anxiety, restlessness, and increased appetite. Smokers have elevated exhaled carbon monoxide and serum carboxyhemoglobin levels. Cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine, can be detected in blood and urine. Many medical conditions are associated with tobacco use (particularly smoking), including cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, and a variety of malignancies. A number of interventions can help increase smoking cessation rates, including physician advice, counseling, nicotine replacement, varenicline, and bupropion. Electronic cigarettes may help smokers quit or reduce their smoking.

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