scholarly journals Investigation of Salt-Frost Heaving Rules and Mechanical Properties of Chlorite Saline Soil along the Duku Highway under Freezing-Thawing Action

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Xuebang Huang ◽  
Zizhao Zhang ◽  
Zezhou Guo ◽  
Ruihua Hao ◽  
Qianli Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Freezing Process ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Frost Heaving ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Strength Tests

Aiming to investigate salt-frost heaving rules and the mechanical properties of natural saline soil along the Duku Highway subjected to multiple freezing-thawing cycles, we collected natural saline soil samples from the alluvial-proluvial plain in front of the Dushanzi Mountain at the starting point of the Duku Highway. Then, we conducted mineral composition analysis tests, essential laboratory physical property measurement, large scale multiple freezing-thawing cyclic salt-frost heaving tests, shear strength tests, and unconfined compressive strength tests on the samples. According to the test results presented, the collected saline soil differed from saline soil in other regions and fell into “chlorite saline soils.” As the number of freezing-thawing cycles increased, the overall salt-frost heaving capacity increased and then decreased in the freezing process but first reduced and then increased in the thawing process. Thus, the salt-frost heaving capacity was cumulative in freezing/thawing cycles. The peak salt-frost heaving capacity reached a maximum after 1 freezing-thawing cycle and then dropped drastically and fluctuated regularly. After 6 freezing-thawing cycles, the displacement deformation and time formed a new equilibrium. After 7 freezing-thawing cycles, the displacement and deformation of the soil no longer appear negative. As the number of freezing-thawing cycles increased, the cohesive force of saline soil first increased and then dropped steadily, the internal friction angle first dropped and then increased steadily, and the unconfined shear strength first increased and then decreased. These research results provided data supporting the prevention and controlling highway saline soil disasters with insightful references for the other projects in this region.

scholarly journals Effects of Interfacial Reactions on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of 3003 Al/T2 Cu and 1035 Al/T2 Cu Brazed Joints

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Man Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Joint Strength ◽  
Interfacial Reactions ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Dispersion Strengthening ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Brazed Joints ◽  
Filler Metals

To meet the demand for efficient and reliable copper and aluminum (Cu/Al) joints in refrigeration and electric power industries, interfacial reactions in 3003 Al/T2 Cu and 1035 Al/T2 Cu joints brazed by Zn-xAl (x ranged from 2–25 wt.%) filler metals and their effects on the mechanical properties of the joints were investigated. Microstructures and fracture surfaces were observed combining with composition analysis. For 3003 Al/Cu joints, bulk CuAl and CuAl2 intermetallic compound (IMC) formed in brazing seams, and a CuAl IMC layer formed at the Cu side interfaces. For 1035 Al/Cu joints, bulk CuAl2 IMC formed in brazing seams, and an Al4.2Cu3.2Zn0.7 IMC layer formed at the Cu side interfaces. For both kinds of joints, shear strength increased first, then decreased with the increasing Al content. The increase in shear strength was because Al promoted the formation of Cu-Al IMC, and caused dispersion strengthening. With the excessive Al content, however, the bulk IMC became coarse and the IMC layers at Cu side interfaces grew thick, causing the joint strength to decrease due to stress concentration. The strength of 3003 Al/Cu joints was always higher than that of 1035 Al/Cu, and their highest strength were achieved by Zn-12Al and Zn-15Al, respectively.

Research about the Effect of Polypropylene Fiber on Mechanical Properties of Curing Sludge

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 788-794
Author(s):  
Shu Lin Zhan ◽  
Shu Sen Gao ◽  
Jun Ying Lai
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Different Content

In order to study the influence of modified polypropylene (PP) fiber on the physical and mechanical properties of curing sludge, the same amount of cement and different content of polypropylene fiber were mixed into the sludge. Unconfined compressive strength tests, water content tests and shear strength tests were carried out on different specimens with different curing time. The results show that the sludge curing effect is markedly improved by the addition of the polypropylene fiber. As to the curing sludge with the same curing time, when the content of the polypropylene fiber increases, the unconfined compressive strength and the cohesive strength greatly increase, and the internal frictional angle decreases.

scholarly journals The Mechanical Properties of Fly-Ash-Stabilized Sands

Geosciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minson Simatupang ◽  
Lukas Kano Mangalla ◽  
Romy Suryaningrat Edwin ◽  
Adris Ade Putra ◽  
Muhammad Thahir Azikin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Direct Shear ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Strength And Stiffness

The stabilization of soil through the addition of fly ash has been shown to be an effective alternative for improving the strength and stiffness of soil through the resulting chemical reactions. The chemical reaction that occurs dissociates the lime (CaO) in the fly ash, and the establishment of cementitious and pozzolanic gels (consisting of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) gel and calcium aluminate hydrate (CAH) gel) binds the soil particles and increases the strength and stiffness of the soil. Investigations into the mechanical properties of sands stabilized with fly ash (fly-ash-stabilized sands) were conducted through a series of unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and direct shear strength tests for various fly ash percentages, curing times, grain sizes, degrees of saturation during sample preparation, and content of fines. It was found that the mechanical properties—UCS and direct shear strength (DSS)—of fly-ash-stabilized sands increased with both increasing fly ash content in the specimen and curing time, but decreased with increasing grain size, degree of saturation during sample preparation, and content of fines. The results indicated that fly-ash-stabilized sands required more than a month to attain their optimum performance with regard to binding sand particles.

scholarly journals A Note on the Constitutive Law for Sea Ice

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (101) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
General Procedure ◽  
Constitutive Law ◽  
Simple Problem ◽  
Flow Rule ◽  
Starting Point

Abstract The derivation of a constitutive law to describe large-scale sea-ice deformation commonly uses the so-called “flow rule”. This method introduces a mathematically imposed relationship between shear strength and dilatation which is not based on physical postulates. In this note a more general procedure is described which uses the Reiner–Rivlin equation as a starting point. The method is illustrated by deriving a particular constitutive law and applying it to a simple problem of sea ice blown against a shoreline.

scholarly journals A Note on the Constitutive Law for Sea Ice

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (101) ◽  
pp. 191-195
Author(s):  
Ronald B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
General Procedure ◽  
Constitutive Law ◽  
Simple Problem ◽  
Flow Rule ◽  
Starting Point

AbstractThe derivation of a constitutive law to describe large-scale sea-ice deformation commonly uses the so-called “flow rule”. This method introduces a mathematically imposed relationship between shear strength and dilatation which is not based on physical postulates. In this note a more general procedure is described which uses the Reiner–Rivlin equation as a starting point. The method is illustrated by deriving a particular constitutive law and applying it to a simple problem of sea ice blown against a shoreline.

Railway Ballast Strength and Permeability Affecting Track Performance Under Dry and Wet Conditions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issam Qamhia ◽  
Maximilian Orihuela ◽  
Scott Schmidt ◽  
Erol Tutumluer ◽  
Maziar Moaveni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Triaxial Test ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Railway Ballast ◽  
Permeability Characteristics ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Dry And Wet Conditions ◽  
And Performance

Railway ballast is a major structural component of railroad track that also facilitates the drainage of water. Particle breakage and abrasion due to dynamic loading and environmental impacts causes ballast to age and degrade. The finer materials generated from ballast degradation can adversely affect the track stability especially under wet conditions. This paper investigates through laboratory testing the effect of moisture on the behavior and performance of in-service ballast. The tested ballast samples were initially subjected to an artificial rain system as well as train loadings in the Facility for Accelerated Service Testing (FAST) at the Transportation Technology Center, Inc. (TTCI). The rainy test section experiment applied realistic dynamic freight train loads and continuously monitored the test sections to determine the effects of moisture and saturation conditions on the field performance trends of ballasted track. Accordingly, ballast samples at varying levels of degradation were collected from the test locations to investigate ballast gradations as well as strength and permeability characteristics at dry and wet conditions. Shear strength tests were performed using a large-scale triaxial test machine, known as the TX-24, to study ballast degradation effects on the strength of dry ballast. Materials finer than the 3/8 in. (9.5 mm) were then collected and studied for the moisture-density behavior using a modified Proctor type compactive effort. Shear strength samples with the same gradations and degradation levels were prepared and tested at varying moisture contents of the 3/8 in. (9.5 mm) fraction ranging from 3% to 9%, with the latter being the optimum moisture content of these finer materials. The wet ballast triaxial test samples had strength values only in the range of 38% to 65% of the dry strengths. In addition to the strength tests, constant head permeability tests were also conducted on the ballast samples which demonstrated quite low and negligible horizontal flow amounts through ballast under static pressure heads and at various hydraulic gradients.

ALUMINUM 220

Alloy Digest ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Casting Alloy ◽  
Aluminum Casting ◽  
Aluminum Casting Alloy ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Aluminum Company

Abstract ALUMINUM 220 is a 10% magnesium-aluminum casting alloy having the highest combination of mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and machinability. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and compressive and shear strength as well as fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as casting, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Al-112. Producer or source: Aluminum Company of America.

ALUMINUM 2011

Alloy Digest ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Screw Machine ◽  
Aluminum Copper Alloy

Abstract ALUMINUM 2011 is an age-hardenable aluminum-copper alloy to which lead and bismuth are added to make it a free-machining alloy. It has good mechanical properties and was designed primarily for the manufacture of screw-machine products. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear strength as well as fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Al-32. Producer or source: Various aluminum companies. Originally published October 1955, revised December 1978.

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