scholarly journals MuLSi-Co: Multilayer Sinks and Cooperation-Based Data Routing Techniques for Underwater Acoustic Wireless Sensor Networks (UA-WSNs)

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Munsif Ali ◽  
Sahar Shah ◽  
Mahnoor Khan ◽  
Ihsan Ali ◽  
Roobaea Alroobaea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Stable Algorithm ◽  
Optimal Position ◽  
Underwater Acoustic ◽  
Synchronization Problem ◽  
Single Structure ◽  
Multiple Copies

Designing an efficient, reliable, and stable algorithm for underwater acoustic wireless sensor networks (UA-WSNs) needs immense attention. It is due to their notable and distinctive challenges. To address the difficulties and challenges, the article introduces two algorithms: the multilayer sink (MuLSi) algorithm and its reliable version MuLSi-Co using the cooperation technique. The first algorithm proposes a multilayered network structure instead of a solid single structure and sinks placement at the optimal position, which reduces multiple hops communication. Moreover, the best forwarder selection amongst the nodes based on nodes’ closeness to the sink is a good choice. As a result, it makes the network perform better. Unlike the traditional algorithms, the proposed scheme does not need location information about nodes. However, the MuLSi algorithm does not fulfill the requirement of reliable operation due to a single link. Therefore, the MuLSi-Co algorithm utilizes nodes’collaborative behavior for reliable information. In cooperation, the receiver has multiple copies of the same data. Then, it combines these packets for the purpose of correct data reception. The data forwarding by the relay without any latency eliminates the synchronization problem. Moreover, the overhearing of the data gets rid of duplicate transmissions. The proposed schemes are superior in energy cost and reliable exchanging of data and have more alive and less dead nodes.

Scheduling Real-Time Traffic in Underwater Acoustic Wireless Sensor Networks

2016 ◽  
pp. 150-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Santos ◽  
Javier Orozco ◽  
Matías Micheletto ◽  
Sergio F. Ochoa ◽  
Roc Meseguer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Underwater Acoustic ◽  
Real Time Traffic

A Neural-Q-Learning Based Approach for Delay Tolerant Underwater Acoustic Wireless Sensor Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 548-549 ◽  
pp. 1530-1535
Author(s):  
Lin Zou ◽  
De Feng Huang ◽  
Roberto Togneri
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Underwater Acoustic Communications ◽  
Frequency Channel ◽  
Underwater Acoustic ◽  
Continuous Space ◽  
Q Learning ◽  
Delay Tolerant

Delay tolerance is a major design concern for supporting underwater acoustic wireless sensor networks (UA-WSNs) to carry out tasks in harsh subsea environments. Due to the great difference between the underwater acoustic channel and the radio frequency channel, most of the existing routing protocols developed for terrestrial wireless sensor networks perform poorly in underwater acoustic communications. In this work, we present a Neural-Q-Learning algorithm based delay tolerant protocol for UA-WSNs. Due to the advantages of the artificial neural network along with the Q-Learning algorithm, the ferry node is capable of determining an optimal route in a two-dimensional continuous space to relay packets effectively and efficiently between sensors. Simulation results show that the delivery delay and delivery cost of the network significantly decrease by maximizing the meeting probability between the ferry node and sensors.

Multi-Agent-Based Acoustic Sensor Node Deployment in Underwater Acoustic Wireless Sensor Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 136-155
Author(s):  
Basaprabhu S. Halakarnimath ◽  
Ashok V. Sutagundar
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Propagation Loss ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Acoustic Sensor ◽  
Underwater Acoustic ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Node Deployment ◽  
Multi Agent

The deployment of acoustic sensor nodes in 3-D underwater acoustic wireless sensor networks (UAWSN) is a difficult task due to various aquatic conditions and physical obstacles. This work proposes multi-agent-based acoustic sensor node deployment (MASD) to deploy the acoustic nodes at ideal positions to enhance coverage and seamless connectivity. The proposed scheme works is threefold: 1) AUV initiates random walk in the network to gather the information and prospective common reference points; 2) the base station gets this information through surface buoys and computes the routing path, feasible locations for deploying new nodes; and 3) AUV collects this information and follows the path to deploy nodes with the help of agents. The multi-agent-enabled deployment framework (MADF) is proposed to support the deployment process at each level of the proposed MASD scheme. The performance of propagation loss, coverage, and overhead tradeoffs are analyzed to validate the proposed scheme. Mobility issues can be further re-investigated in shallow water as a future direction to the MASD scheme.

scholarly journals Underwater Acoustic Wireless Sensor Networks: Advances and Future Trends in Physical, MAC and Routing Layers

Sensors ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 795-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvador Climent ◽  
Antonio Sanchez ◽  
Juan Capella ◽  
Nirvana Meratnia ◽  
Juan Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Underwater Acoustic
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