scholarly journals FGFR1 Is Critical for RBL2 Loss–Driven Tumor Development and Requires PLCG1 Activation for Continued Growth of Small Cell Lung Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (22) ◽  
pp. 5051-5062
Author(s):  
Kee-Beom Kim ◽  
Youngchul Kim ◽  
Christopher J. Rivard ◽  
Dong-Wook Kim ◽  
Kwon-Sik Park
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13128-e13128
Author(s):  
Yuan Tang ◽  
Bing Wei ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Yun Gao ◽  
Nanying Che ◽  
...  

e13128 Background: With the development of targeted drugs, there are more therapeutic options for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring corresponding genetic alterations. However, cancers are frequently caused by alterations on multiple genes, which collaborate to promote tumor development. Methods: A total of 1353 NSCLC patients from five different clinical institutions were enrolled in this study. Concurrent DNA and RNA NGS analysis was performed using the Ion Ampliseq Colon and Lung Cancer gene panel v2 and the AmpliSeq RNA Lung Cancer Research Fusion Panel using FFPE samples from surgically resected NSCLC tumors. Results: Of the 1293 mutations that were detected, 2338 variants were identified in 24 genes, while 27 of the tumor samples were identified to have co-occurring DNA mutations (including insertions, deletions and point mutations) and RNA fusion mutations. Analysis of the 975 patients with EGFR-gene mutations revealed that the incidence of dual EGFR L858R/T790M mutations were higher compared to EGFR 19del/T790M, and the MAF of T790M was lower compared to 19del in dual EGFR 19del/T790M patients. Conclusions: Even with the non-random cohort of patients in this study, the genetic alterations detected in this study had a certain degree of representation of NSCLC (especially lung adenocarcinoma) in the Chinese population. The differences in the MAF of EGFR T790M may determine different responses to TKI therapy in patients harboring dual mutations.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Hualiang Zhang ◽  
Linfeng Cao ◽  
Gouxin Hou ◽  
Chao Lu ◽  
...  

Abstract Background As mRNA binding proteins, MEX3 (muscle excess 3) family highlights its unique characteristics and plays an emerging role in post-transcriptionally regulating programmed of biological processes, including tumor cell death and immunological relevance. These have been shown to be involved in various diseases, however, the role of MEX3 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been fully elucidated. Results In this study, we found that the sequence or copy number of MEX3 gene did not change significantly, which can explain the stability of malignant tumor development through the COSMIC database. Further, gene expression in NSCLC was examined using the Oncomine™ database, and the prognostic value of each gene was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. The results showed that overexpressed of MEX3A, MEX3B, MEX3C and MEX3D were associated with significantly lower OS in patients with NSCLC and LUAD, while overexpressed of MEX3D was associated with significantly poorer OS in patients with LUSC. We also applied the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) tool to assess the correlations between distinct MEX3 and the infiltrating immune cell landscape. Conclusion On this subject, we have learned about the complexity and heterogeneity of NSCLC through MEX3. We found that most of MEX3 is highly expressed in NSCLC. High expression indicates a poor prognosis and has a certain immune correlation. Therefore, these conclusions can lay a framework for the prognosis of NSCLC patients and the development of treatment strategies in the future.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Man Zhang ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Yu Deng ◽  
Yu-Ting Dong ◽  
...  

AbstractThe efficacy of checkpoint immunotherapy to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) largely depends on the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we demonstrate that CCL7 facilitates anti-PD-1 therapy for the KrasLSL−G12D/+Tp53fl/fl (KP) and the KrasLSL−G12D/+Lkb1fl/fl (KL) NSCLC mouse models by recruiting conventional DC 1 (cDC1) into the TME to promote T cell expansion. CCL7 exhibits high expression in NSCLC tumor tissues and is positively correlated with the infiltration of cDC1 in the TME and the overall survival of NSCLC patients. CCL7 deficiency impairs the infiltration of cDC1 in the TME and the subsequent expansion of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells in bronchial draining lymph nodes and TME, thereby promoting tumor development in the KP mouse model. Administration of CCL7 into lungs alone or in combination with anti-PD-1 significantly inhibits tumor development and prolongs the survival of KP and KL mice. These findings suggest that CCL7 potentially serves as a biomarker and adjuvant for checkpoint immunotherapy of NSCLC.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziqi Jia ◽  
Yadong Wang ◽  
Xiaoying Yang ◽  
Pancheng Wu ◽  
Yanyu Wang ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The intricate relationship between the tumor and host was not well understood, and antigen-specific T cell is fundamental in understanding the interaction. TCR repertoire analysis which described TCR clonotypes and TCR numbers has shown that TCRs with high frequency was tumor-specific T cells, while others might be ‘bystander’ T cells within tumors. However, how these “expanded” tumor-specific T cells was selected during the tumor development was not clear. Methods We retrospectively analyzed TCR sequencing and mutation sequencing results from 144 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Results A rich TCR repertoire comprising thousands of different TCR sequences was identified in all stages of NSCLC, with most TCR clonotypes presented at low frequency. Interestingly, Stage IV NSCLC tumors contain more expanded TCRs as compared to earlier stages, however, lymph node metastasis or tumor size had little impact on expanded TCRs. Moreover, accumulation of mutations did not significantly change the number of TCR clonotypes, however, EGFR mutant patients had significantly lower while KRAS mutant patients had significantly higher number of TCR clonotypes especially in terms of those “expanded” TCRs. Conclusions In summary, T cells in the tumor microenvironment were gradually activated with tumor development. Critical events such as distal metastases and generation of EGFR or KRAS mutations might be the major factors affecting the changing of tumor-specific T cells in the tumor microenvironment.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhishuo Wei ◽  
Ajay Niranjan ◽  
Hussam Abou-Al-Shaar ◽  
Hansen Deng ◽  
Luigi Albano ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Whether the number or cumulative volume of brain metastases affects survival in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. We sought to compare whether patients with solitary brain disease had better outcomes than patients with ≥ 20 brain metastases. Methods Between 2014 to 2020, 26 NSCLC patients (925 tumors) underwent stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for ≥ 20 metastases in a single procedure (median margin dose = 16 Gy, median cumulative tumor volume = 4.52 cc); 56 patients underwent SRS for a single metastasis (median margin dose = 18 Gy, median volume = 4.74 cc). The overall survival (OS), local tumor control (LC), adverse radiation effect (ARE) risk, and incidence of new tumor development were compared. Results No difference in OS was found between patients with ≥ 20 brain metastases (median OS = 15 months) and patients with solitary metastasis (median OS = 12 months; p = 0.3). In the solitary tumor cohort, two of 56 (3.5%) tumors progressed whereas in the ≥ 20 cohort only 3 of 925 (0.3%) tumors showed progression (*p = 0.0013). The rate of new tumor development was significantly higher in patients with ≥ 20 tumors (***p = 0.0001). No significant difference of ARE rate was found (7.5% for ≥ 20 tumors vs. 8.7% for single metastasis). Conclusions Patients with ≥ 20 tumors showed significantly better LC with similar OS compared to patients with solitary tumors. Current guidelines that restrict the role of SRS to patients with 1-4 tumors should be revised.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kee-Beom Kim ◽  
Ashish Kabra ◽  
Dong-Wook Kim ◽  
Yongming Xue ◽  
Pei-Chi Hou ◽  
...  

EP300 (E1A binding protein p300) is a versatile transcription co-activator important in cell proliferation and differentiation. The gene EP300 is frequently mutated in diverse cancer types, including small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). While it is widely believed that these mutations result in loss of EP300 function, the impact on SCLC pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that mutant EP300 variants lacking histone acetyltransferase (HAT) domain accelerate tumor development in autochthonous mouse models of SCLC. However, unexpectedly, complete knockout of Ep300 suppresses tumor development and inhibits proliferation of both human and mouse SCLC cells. Genetic dissection of EP300 domains identifies kinase-inducible domain (KID)-interacting (KIX) domain, specifically its interaction with transcription factors such as CREB1 and MYB, as the determinant of pro-tumorigenic activity. Blockade of the KIX-mediated protein interactions using a small molecule and a recombinant peptide mimicking the KIX-binding sequences of EP300-interacting partners inhibits the growth of SCLC cells. These findings identify domain-specific roles of EP300 in SCLC and unique vulnerability of the EP300 KIX domain to potential therapeutics.


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