Multilocus Sequence Types of Invasive and Colonizing Neonatal Group B Streptococci in Poland

Monika Brzychczy-Wloch; Tomasz Gosiewski; Malgorzata Bulanda

doi:10.1159/000362368

Influence of group B streptococci on piglet pulmonary artery response to bradykinin

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1999.86.1.61 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 86 (1) ◽

pp. 61-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Richard M. Whitehurst ◽

Rachel Laskey ◽

Ronald N. Goldberg ◽

Donald Herbert ◽

Cornelius Van Breemen

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Artery ◽

Contractile Response ◽

Isometric Force ◽

Control Group ◽

Relaxed Controls ◽

Vascular Response ◽

Group B Streptococci ◽

Resting Tension ◽

Neonatal Group ◽

Group B

To study whether a sepsis-induced increase in des-Arg9-bradykinin (des-Arg9-BK) and bradykinin (BK) B1-receptor activity participates in the observed increase in pulmonary vascular resistance in neonatal group B streptococcal sepsis (GBS), isometric force bioassays of pulmonary artery (PA) rings were studied, after 4-h exposure to either Krebs or GBS, by using the following protocols: 1) BK dose-response curve, 2) vascular response to BK with N G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), and 3) response to des-Arg9-BK (BK metabolite and B1 agonist). PA rings exposed to BK resulted in contraction in the GBS group and a decrease in resting tension in the Control group ( P = 0.034) at a concentration of 10−5 M. GBS-treated PA rings contracted more to des-Arg9-BK than did Controls ( P < 0.001). BK (10−6 M) relaxed preconstricted PA rings incubated in GBS less than BK relaxed Controls ( P < 0.001), and preincubation withl-NAME decreased relaxation in both. These results suggest that GBS decreased endothelium-dependent BK relaxation and increased contractile response to des-Arg9-BK. We speculate that this occurs secondary to upregulation of B1 receptors reflected by B1-agonist-mediated PA contraction.

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Use of chlorhexidine during labor: How effective against neonatal group B streptococci colonization?

Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica ◽

10.3109/00016349509008931 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 74 (2) ◽

pp. 168-168 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Yves Henneguin ◽

Laura Tecco ◽

Alain Vokaer

Keyword(s):

Group B Streptococci ◽

Neonatal Group ◽

Group B

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Demonstration of opsonic activity and in vivo protection against group B streptococci type III by Streptococcus pneumoniae type 14 antisera.

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.148.3.776 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 148 (3) ◽

pp. 776-786 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

G W Fischer ◽

G H Lowell ◽

M H Crumrine ◽

J W Bass

Keyword(s):

Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽

Rat Model ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Group B Streptococci ◽

Opsonic Activity ◽

Type Iii ◽

Neonatal Group ◽

Group B ◽

Type 3

The present studies demonstrate that antisera directed against Streptococcus pneumoniae type 14 is opsonic for group B streptococci type III in a neutrophile-mediated bactericidal assay. Specificity was demonstrated by the observations that group B streptococci type III and S. pneumoniae type 14 adsorbed the opsonic activity of anti-S. pneumoniae type 14 antisera. Group B streptococci strain 090R (devoid of type antigens) and S. pneumoniae type 3, did not remove the opsonic activity of anti-S. pneumoniae type 14 serum. In vivo studies using a suckling rat model of neonatal group B streptococcal type III sepsis demonstrated that antisera directed against S. pneumoniae type 14 was highly protective.

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Molecular epidemiology of infections caused by group B Streptococcus in pregnant women and newborns, and development of preventive vaccines

Journal of obstetrics and women s diseases ◽

10.17816/jowd67562-73 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (5) ◽

pp. 62-73

Author(s):

Vasilisa A. Vasilyeva ◽

Elena V. Shipitsyna ◽

Kira V. Shalepo ◽

Alevtina M. Savicheva

Keyword(s):

Capsular Polysaccharide ◽

Vaccine Development ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Group B Streptococci ◽

Group B ◽

Sequence Types ◽

Experimental Immunization ◽

Selection Of

Hypothesis/aims of study. The present analysis was undertaken to summarize current knowledge about molecular properties of group B streptococci (GBS), emphasizing potential targets of vaccines against neonatal GBS infection. Study design, materials, and methods. This review is based on articles published mainly in the last ten years. Results. Epidemiological data on serotypes, multilocus sequence types, clonal complexes of GBS and their relationship are presented. Genetic events in GBS populations indicate significant obstacles to vaccine development. We described key properties of major GBS virulence factors, such as capsular polysaccharide, pili, and cell adhesion molecules, as well as results of experimental immunization on their basis. Conclusion. The population of invasive GBS strains is molecularly and genetically heterogeneous, which complicates selection of vaccine targets. Capsular switching, a low level of immunogenicity and variability of population composition are the most important factors that necessitate the accumulation and monitoring of molecular epidemiological data.

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Group B Streptococcus

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1017/s0195941700065681 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 7 (S2) ◽

pp. 135-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Charles S.F. Easmon

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Early Onset ◽

Western Europe ◽

Late Onset ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

The United States ◽

Group B Streptococci ◽

Neonatal Group ◽

Group B ◽

Portal Of Entry

Over the past 25 years group B streptococci have become established as one of the main bacterial pathogens of the neonate in Western Europe and the United States. The attack rate of 0.25/1,000 live births found by Mayon White in Great Britain1 appears typical of many European countries. However, in some centers in the United States attack rates can be over 10 times higher.Two types of neonatal group B streptococcus (GBS) diseases exist, “early” and “late” onset. Early onset disease usually presents within the first few days of life. Often the most serious infections are present at birth or seen within a few hours. Early onset disease presents with pneumonia, respiratory distress and shock. Bacteremia is normally present and meningitis may occur. Mortality is high (50% to 75%). The portal of entry is probably the respiratory tract. Infants normally acquire the infecting organism from their mothers. Heavy maternal and infant colonization, prolonged rupture of membranes, prematurity, and obstetric complications are all risk factors.Delayed onset disease, as its name suggests, presents after the first week of life, primarily with bacteremia and meningitis. Mortality is much lower than for the early onset form, but still appreciable for a bacterial infection (14% to 18%). Its epidemiology is uncertain.

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Multistate, Population-Based Distributions of Candidate Vaccine Targets, Clonal Complexes, and Resistance Features of Invasive Group B Streptococci Within the United States, 2015–2017

Clinical Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/cid/ciaa151 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lesley McGee ◽

Sopio Chochua ◽

Zhongya Li ◽

Saundra Mathis ◽

Joy Rivers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Point Mutations ◽

Tetracycline Resistance ◽

Gene Clusters ◽

The United States ◽

Population Based ◽

Bioinformatics Pipeline ◽

Group B Streptococci ◽

Group B ◽

Sequence Types

Abstract Background Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis and an important cause of invasive infections in pregnant and nonpregnant adults. Vaccines targeting capsule polysaccharides and common proteins are under development. Methods Using whole genome sequencing, a validated bioinformatics pipeline, and targeted antimicrobial susceptibility testing, we characterized 6340 invasive GBS isolates recovered during 2015–2017 through population-based Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) in 8 states. Results Six serotypes accounted for 98.4% of isolates (21.8% Ia, 17.6% V, 17.1% II, 15.6% III, 14.5% Ib, 11.8% IV). Most (94.2%) isolates were in 11 clonal complexes (CCs) comprised of multilocus sequence types identical or closely related to sequence types 1, 8, 12, 17, 19, 22, 23, 28, 88, 452, and 459. Fifty-four isolates (0.87%) had point mutations within pbp2x associated with nonsusceptibility to 1 or more β-lactam antibiotics. Genes conferring resistance to macrolides and/or lincosamides were found in 56% of isolates; 85.2% of isolates had tetracycline resistance genes. Two isolates carrying vanG were vancomycin nonsusceptible (minimum inhibitory concentration = 2 µg/mL). Nearly all isolates possessed capsule genes, 1–2 of the 3 main pilus gene clusters, and 1 of 4 homologous alpha/Rib family determinants. Presence of the hvgA virulence gene was primarily restricted to serotype III/CC17 isolates (465 isolates), but 8 exceptions (7 IV/CC452 and 1 IV/CC17) were observed. Conclusions This first comprehensive, population-based quantitation of strain features in the United States suggests that current vaccine candidates should have good coverage. The β-lactams remain appropriate for first-line treatment and prophylaxis, but emergence of nonsusceptibility warrants ongoing monitoring.

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