scholarly journals Melanocytoma of the Conjunctiva: Clinicopathologic Features of Three Cases

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina C. Herwig-Carl ◽  
Karin U. Loeffler ◽  
Hans E. Grossniklaus
Keyword(s):  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Melanocytic Lesion ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Melanocytic Lesions ◽  
Abundant Cytoplasm ◽  
Rare Lesion

Background: Melanocytoma (magnocellular nevus) is a jet-black benign lesion histologically composed of polygonal tumor cells with small, inconspicuous nuclei and abundant cytoplasm. Melanocytomas in general are rare. Most cases occur in the optic nerve head. Conjunctival melanocytoma (magnocellular nevus) is extremely rare, and only 3 lesions of the ocular surface have been reported. Objectives: To describe the clinical and histological spectrum of conjunctival melanocytoma and discuss differential diagnoses of this rare lesion. Method: Four heavily pigmented conjunctival lesions were excised for slight tumor growth and histologically processed. The specimens were routinely stained with hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid-Schiff. Sections were bleached and immunohistochemical stains were performed for CD68, HMB-45, S100, melanin, and Ki-67. Results: Histological examination revealed findings of a conjunctival melanocytoma in 3 cases. The fourth case was diagnosed histologically as a combined melanocytic lesion with a compound nevus and an inverted type A nevus. None of the lesions exhibited transition towards malignancy. The differential diagnoses included conjunctival melanoma, granular cell nevus, compound nevus with reactive changes, and blue nevus. Conclusions: Conjunctival melanocytic lesions suspicious for melanocytoma should be bleached to evaluate their cytologic features. CD68 can be helpful in identifying heavily pigmented melanomacrophages which may mimic a melanocytoma. As conjunctival melanocytomas are extremely rare, their pathogenesis may be different from that of other conjunctival nevi.

Conjunctival myxoid stromal tumour: a distinctive clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 1259-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Yi Qin ◽  
Zhe-Hao Jin ◽  
You-Pei Wang ◽  
Zong-Duan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Stromal Tumour ◽  
Bulbar Conjunctiva ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Multiple Spindle ◽  
Immunohistochemical Stains

Background/aimsTo describe the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of 10 patients representing a new entity of benign conjunctival myxoid stromal tumours.MethodsRetrospective review of clinical findings, histopathological and immunohistochemical studies identified 10 cases of low-grade conjunctival myxoid stromal tumours. Specimens were routinely processed and stained with H&E. Immunohistochemical stains for CD34, CD68, vimentin, S100, smooth muscle actin (SMA), myosin, desmin, actin, Bcl-2 and Ki-67 were performed. Specific stains for Alcian-blue periodic acid-Schiff (AB-PAS) and aldehyde fuchsin stains were also performed.ResultsTen patients with an average age of 45.6±11.1 years had a tender white or faint yellow to red mass on the bulbar conjunctiva. All the lesions were completely removed, and none of the patients relapsed. Histologically, all neoplasms consisted of spindle-shaped cells that showed signs of pseudonuclear inclusions, multinuclear cells and had no atypia. The stroma consisted of a large amount of mucus and was infiltrated with delicate to ropey collagens, a few mast cells and new vessels. Immunohistochemical stains were positive for CD34, vimentin and Bcl-2; partial positive for CD68; very low for Ki-67; and negative for S100, SMA, myosin, desmin and actin. AB-PAS suggested that the stroma was mucinous.ConclusionsThese rare benign mesenchymal conjunctival tumours are mostly unilateral and occur in the bulbar conjunctiva. Complete resection is the radical treatment. These lesions are characterised by multiple spindle cells, a large amount of mucus, and sharing similar basic histopathological features with conjunctival myxoma and conjunctival stromal tumour. We suggest naming these lesions ‘conjunctival myxoid stromal tumours’.

scholarly journals β-Catenin and Periodic Acid–Schiff Distinguish Granular Cell Nevus From Deep Penetrating Nevus

2021 ◽  
Vol 145 (12) ◽  
pp. 1475-1476
Author(s):  
Maya Eiger-Moscovich ◽  
Ralph C. Eagle ◽  
Tatyana Milman
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff

Histologic and Immunohistochemical Studies of Granular Cell Tumors in Seven Dogs, Three Cats, One Horse, and One Bird

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Patnaik
Keyword(s):  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intracranial Meningioma ◽  
Surgical Biopsy ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Rhabdoid Cells ◽  
Eosinophilic Cytoplasm

In a retrospective study, granular cell tumors in six dogs (Nos. 1–6), three cats (Nos. 1–3), one horse (No. 1), and one cockatiel ( Nymphicus hollandicus) (No. 1) and a meningioma with a granular cell component in one dog (No. 7) were examined histologically and immunohistochemically. These tumors were identified by histologic examination of surgical biopsy specimens, except in the horse, in which the tumor was an incidental finding at necropsy. These diagnoses were initially made by more than one pathologist. Five of the six granular cell tumors in the dogs were in the oral cavity; one of these was in the maxillary gingiva of a 6-month-old puppy. The tumors in the cats were located in the tongue, vulva, and digit. The tumor in the horse was in the lung, and the tumor in the cockatiel was in the periocular tissue. Histologically, all granular cell tumors were characterized by oval to polygonal cells of various sizes. The cells had abundant, pale, eosinophilic cytoplasm with distinct intracytoplasmic granules, distinct cell margins, and mostly central nuclei. In the dogs, the gingival tumor had a large amount of collagen tissue, the tumor in the tongue had dilated blood vessels, and the maxillary tumor in the puppy was more cellular than the other tumors. The tumors in the cats were more anaplastic than the other tumors; one, located in the digit, was considered malignant. The granules in all of the tumors stained with periodic acid-Schiff and were diastase resistant. On staining with Luxol fast blue, the granules of all tumors stained different shades of pink, with the exception of the tumor in the tongue of a cat, which stained bluish green. Immunocytochemically, all tumors except the tumor in the cockatiel reacted against antibodies to vimentin. The granular cell tumor in the lung of the horse and the intracranial meningioma in a dog reacted to the antibody S-100 protein; the tumor in the horse reacted to neuron-specific enolase; tumors in two dogs (gingiva and skin) reacted to L-antitrypsin, and the maxillary tumor also reacted to lysozyme; the malignant tumor in the digit of a cat and the periocular tumor in the cockatiel reacted to muscle common actin and actin; the tumor in the cockatiel also reacted to desmin. Results of these immunocytochemical studies suggest that granular cell tumors, like tumors composed of rhabdoid cells, clear cells, and oncocytes, can have similar morphologic features but be of different cellular origins.

Expression of Cytokeratins 7 and 20 in Helicobacter pylori-associated Chronic Gastritis in Children

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cohen ◽  
E. Cueto Rúa ◽  
N. Balcarce ◽  
R. Drut
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Gastric Epithelium ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Group A ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori gastric infection induces structural changes in the gastric epithelium. Among them, variations in the expression of cytokeratins have been reported in adult patients. In the present study, we describe the expression of CK7 and CK20 in gastric samples taken from the antrum in three groups of pediatric patients: (A) Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic gastritis (mean age: 11.4 years); (B) previous H. pylori chronic gastritis patients (mean age: 9.4 years); and (C) controls (mean age: 8.8 years). In all, the presence of sulfomucins was assessed with Alcian blue-periodic acid-Schiff pH 1.0. Immunoreactivity was graded as absent (0), weak (1 +), moderate (2+), or intense (3+), in accordance with the intensity of the staining, and its distribution as focal or diffuse. CK7 reactivity was 2 + either focal or diffuse in all group A biopsies. The reactivity was more evident in the cells at the neck of the glands, in the areas with more inflammatory infiltrates, decorating long vertical segments of epithelium. In groups B and C, CK7 reactivity was also focal and 1 + at the cells of the necks of the glands. However, group B presented longer vertical segments of positive cells as compared to group C, and shorter than those of group A. The deeper glandular structures were focally 1 + in both groups. CK20 expression was comparable in all three groups, depicting a 2+ diffuse reactivity at the surface epithelium and interposed pits with absence or focal reactivity at the neck and coiled gland areas. Ki-67 immunostaining paralleled that of the CK7. Staining for sulfated mucosubstances was positive in two of five cases of groups A and B, and in none of the cases of group C. We conclude that: (1) the long segments of CK7-positive glandular necks in H. pylori cases most probably indicate intense regenerative activity during active inflammation; (2) eradication of H. pylori does not warrant ad integrum restitution since long segments of Ki-67+, CK7+ cells at the germinative compartment of the glands (as well as cells with sulfomucins) were still recognizable in ex- H. pylori patients; (3) finally, differing from what happens in adults, children somehow manage to maintain fully differentiated CK20+ superficial epithelium while the H. pylori is in action.

Canine Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor with Eosinophilic Cytoplasmic Globules

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kuwamura ◽  
J. Yamate ◽  
T. Kotani ◽  
T. Takeuchi ◽  
S. Sakuma
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Spindle Cell Proliferation

A 13-year-old male Shetland Sheepdog had a subcutaneous tumor in the left brachium. The tumor was removed and recurred several times at 5, 13, 16, 22, and 31 months after the initial presentation. Histologically, the removed nodules from the fourth resection were composed of neoplastic proliferation of round to fusiform cells, which possessed eosinophilic globules in their cytoplasm. The globules were periodic acid–Schiff positive and diastase resistant. Positive reactions for acid phosphatase were observed in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells. Ultrastructurally, these globules consisted of membrane-bound, dense structures containing dense granules, lucent vacuoles, and homogeneous materials. The recurrent tumors removed at the fifth resection consisted of spindle cell proliferation arranged in interlacing fascicles with wavy nuclei and containing a small number of cells with cytoplasmic globules. The tumor cells were immunoreactive to vimentin, S-100 protein, myelin basic protein, and neuron-specific enolase. The tumor was diagnosed as a peripheral nerve sheath tumor with eosinophilic cytoplasmic globules. These findings are unique for the histogenesis of granular cell tumors.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL MARKER WITH SPECIAL STAINS IN THE PROGNOSIS OF THE DIFFERENT GRADES OF ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Parthiban Nallaiyan ◽  
Dr. Bharathi Ramakrishnan ◽  
Dr. Gnanadeepam Santigo ◽  
Dr. Dhanalakshmi Jeyasivanesan
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Collagen Fibre ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Schiff Reagent ◽  
Neutral Mucin

Objectives: The aim of the study is to compare the efficiency of Ki-67 with special stains in the stroma of different grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) and to evaluate the influence of these changes in predicting the prognosis of these tumors. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 cases of different grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and 6 cases of control were sections and stained with Picrosirus red (PR), combined Alcian blue-periodic acid Schiff reagent (AB-PAS) and Immunohistochemical (IHC) marker Ki-67. Results: Collagen fibre nature using PR stain and proliferative activity of malignant epithelial cells using IHC marker Ki-67 was found to be statistically significant. Mucin presence using AB-PAS was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: Prognosis in different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma can be accessed by change in collagen fibres birefringence, as the tumour progresses there is change from mature to immature collagen. Ki-67 is a good proliferative marker and shows that there is positive correlation with histological grading of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Presence of acidic or neutral mucin in OSCC needed to be further studied. For assessing the prognosis in different grades of OSCC, special stains can also be used. Keywords: Collagen, Mucin, Squamous cell carcinoma, Ki-67.

Feline Pituitary Adenomas: Correlation of Histologic and Immunohistochemical Characteristics With Clinical Findings and Case Outcome

2020 ◽  
pp. 030098582097830
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Miller ◽  
Stacey L. Piotrowski ◽  
Taryn A. Donovan ◽  
J. Catharine Scott-Moncrieff ◽  
Tina J. Owen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Study Results

Pituitary glands from 141 feline autopsy cases were reviewed histologically. Adenoma and hyperplasia were the most common lesions at 13 cases each. Pituitary adenoma was more likely than hyperplasia to be associated with clinical evidence of endocrinopathy or an intracranial mass ( P < .001). A histochemical and immunohistochemical panel was applied to 44 autopsy- or hypophysectomy-derived pituitary adenomas in 43 cats from 2 diagnostic laboratories. Adenomas were differentiated from hyperplasia by the presence of disrupted reticulin fibers. One cat had a double (somatotroph and melanotroph) adenoma. Twenty somatotroph adenomas consisted of periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-negative acidophils that expressed growth hormone; 16/20 had hypersomatotropism; 17/20 had diabetes mellitus. Eleven melanotroph adenomas consisted of PAS-positive basophils or chromophobes that expressed melanocyte-stimulating and adrenocorticotrophic hormones; 5/11 had hypercortisolism; 6/11 had diabetes mellitus. Eleven gonadotroph adenomas consisted of PAS-negative chromophobes that expressed follicle-stimulating and/or luteinizing hormones. Two thyrotroph adenomas consisted of PAS-negative basophils or chromophobes that expressed thyroid-stimulating hormone. Pituitary-dependent disease was not recognized in cats with gonadotroph or thyrotroph adenomas. The Ki-67 proliferation index in hypophysectomy specimens was lower in somatotroph than in melanotroph adenomas. Fourteen cats with hypophysectomy-treated somatotroph or melanotroph adenoma had an 899-day median survival time versus 173 days in 17 nonsurgical cases. After adjusting for age, adenoma size and type, hypophysectomized cats had an overall better survival time than nonsurgical cases ( P = .029). The study results underscore the value of hypophysectomy and trophic hormone immunohistochemistry in the treatment and classification of feline pituitary adenomas.

Giant Granular Cell Tumor of the Suprasellar Area; Immunocytochemical and Electron Microscopic Studies

Neurosurgery ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boleslaw H. Liwnicz ◽  
Boleslaw H. Liwnicz ◽  
Regina G. Liwnicz ◽  
Stephen J. Huff ◽  
Bert H. McBride ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Granular Cell Tumor ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Suprasellar Region ◽  
Microscopic Studies

Abstract We describe a case of a granular cell tumor (GCT) of the suprasellar region with an 11-year history in a 26-year-old woman. The computed tomographic scan showed a midline, contrast-enhancing, noncalcified mass. The biopsy was diagnosed as GCT. The tumor was treated with radiation therapy. At necropsy, a large, homogeneous GCT surrounded by gliosis was found. The tumor cells were filled with granules positive for periodic acid-Schiff, diastase-resistant. The cells did not contain glial fibrillary acidic protein or S-100 protein. Electron microscopy showed tumor cells filled with innumerable lysosomal structures. No intermediate filament was found within the cytoplasm. The tumor cells were not surrounded by a basement membrane. Based on this study and on our review of the literature, the suggestion that GCT has a multicellular origin is upheld.

scholarly journals Atypical meningeal granular cell tumor in a dog

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasmita Mishra ◽  
Marc Kent ◽  
Allison Haley ◽  
Simon Platt ◽  
Kaori Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
Granular Cell Tumor ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Falx Cerebri ◽  
Cytoplasmic Staining ◽  
Left Cerebral Hemisphere

A 10-year-old, female spayed Chihuahua dog was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at the University of Georgia for evaluation of seizures, abnormal mentation, and cervical pain of 2 months duration. On magnetic resonance imaging, there was generalized thickening of the meninges overlying the left cerebral hemisphere and along the falx cerebri. Despite symptomatic treatment, the dog remained neurologically affected. Consequently, the owners elected euthanasia. On gross examination, the meninges covering the left cerebral hemisphere were severely thickened and firmly adhered to the calvaria. On transverse section, the white matter of the left cerebral hemisphere was swollen, enlarged, and extended across the midline with resultant compression of the right cerebral hemisphere. Cytologic evaluation of an impression smear of the thickened meninges showed numerous large, spindloid to polygonal cells with abundant, amphophilic, vacuolated cytoplasm, present either in clusters or in individual cells. Histopathologic evaluation of the meninges revealed a poorly circumscribed and infiltrative, moderately cellular neoplasm, composed of vacuolated, spindloid to polygonal cells with marked anisocytosis and anisokaryosis, arranged in sheets, and occasionally separated by thick bands of connective tissue. Immunohistochemistry for vimentin revealed diffuse cytoplasmic staining of the neoplastic cells. Although the periodic acid–Schiff reaction was negative, ultrastructural findings showed numerous vesicles that were empty or that contained membranous or electron-dense material. Based on gross, microscopic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural changes, the meningeal neoplasm was diagnosed as an atypical granular cell tumor.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Canine Pituitary Adenomas Obtained by Transsphenoidal Hypophysectomy

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 889-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Miller ◽  
Tina Jo Owen ◽  
David S. Bruyette ◽  
J. Catharine Scott-Moncrieff ◽  
José A. Ramos-Vara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Brain Area ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Corticotroph Adenomas ◽  
Worse Prognosis

Hypophysectomy specimens from 16 dogs with pituitary adenoma were evaluated with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), reticulin, and immunohistochemistry for adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH), growth hormone (GH), and Ki-67. The reticulin network was obliterated in all adenomas. One adenoma expressed ACTH and GH. Eight corticotroph adenomas were basophilic to chromophobic, and PAS- and ACTH-positive. Seven melanotroph adenomas were distinguished from corticotroph adenomas by expression of MSH. Pituitary-dependent hypercortisolism was diagnosed in 5 of 8 dogs with corticotroph and 4 of 7 with melanotroph adenoma. Pituitary height/brain area (P/B) ratio was elevated in all dogs. Previous canine hypophysectomy studies suggested that melanotroph adenomas were larger and carried a worse prognosis than corticotroph adenomas; however, in this study, corticotroph adenomas in comparison to melanotroph adenomas were larger (median P/B ratio: 1.06 versus 0.76), more proliferative (median Ki-67 index: 9.47% versus 1.99%), and associated with shorter survival (median: 300 versus 793 days). Recommended immunohistochemistry for PAS-positive pituitary adenomas includes ACTH and MSH to distinguish corticotrophs from melanotrophs and Ki-67 for proliferation index.

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