scholarly journals Vector control Aedes sp. during pandemic COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 713
Author(s):  
Nur Alvira ◽  
Eka Silvia Saputri ◽  
Fajarina Lathu Asmarani ◽  
Rizky Erwanto ◽  
Venny Vidayanti
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vector Density ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level ◽  
Regression Tests

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Indonesia, the government also faces another health problem, namely dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). The routine activities of the dengue management system have been significantly curtailed as government authorities concentrate more on containing the transmission of the COVID-19. This study aimed to describe vector control <em>Aedes sp.</em> during pandemic COVID-19, such as community activities in controlling breeding places, area risk, vector density and the determinant factors. This study was a community-based cross-sectional survey involving 136 households in the endemic area of Gondokusuman District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia using proportionate stratified random sampling. Data analysis was performed through simple and multiple logistic regression tests. Vector control for <em>Aedes sp.</em> breeding places during pandemic COVID-19 in the community are still low; the high level of vector density proves this based on House Index (HI): 44.1%, container index (CI): 57.4%, and Breteau Index (BI): 213.2%. This district is also at high risk to be the breeding places of <em>Aedes sp.</em> based on maya index (MI): 64.7%. The determinant factor that affects this condition is the lack of support by health workers/cadres during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Measures Undertaken in China to Avoid COVID-19 Infection: Internet-Based, Cross-Sectional Survey Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Huang ◽  
Qingqing Wu ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Screening ◽  
The Government ◽  
Public Strategies

BACKGROUND In early 2020, over 80,000 cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were confirmed in China. Public prevention and control measures, along with efforts from all sectors of society, were undertaken to control and eliminate disease transmission. OBJECTIVE This paper describes Chinese citizens’ response to the epidemic, the preventive measures they implemented to avoid being infected, and the public strategies that were carried out by the government, health workers, etc. We also discuss the efficacy of these measures in controlling the epidemic in China. METHODS Information on the responses and behaviors of Chinese citizens were collected through a cross-sectional, internet-based survey using Dingxiang Doctor’s public account on WeChat. Information on public strategies implemented by all sectors of society to control the epidemic and data on new COVID-19 cases were collected from the internet, mainly from government websites. Standard descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to analyze the data. RESULTS A total of 10,304 participants responded to the survey, with 10,198 valid responses; 74.1% (n=7557) were female and 25.9% (n=2641) were male. Overall, 98.2% (n=10,013) of participants paid high or very high attention to the epidemic, with WeChat being their main information source (n=9400, 92.2%). Over half the participants (n=5878, 57.7%) were confident that the epidemic could be curbed in China; 92.4% (n=9427) opened windows for ventilation more frequently than usual; 97.9% (n=9986) used masks in public; 95.7% (n=9759) avoided large crowds and stayed at home as much as possible; and 97.9% (n=9988) washed their hands more often than usual. Women were more likely to practice these behaviors than men (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). With a series of strict public control measures, like nationwide health education campaigns, holiday extensions, the Examine and Approve Policy on the resumption of work, close management of working and living quarters, a health QR (Quick Response) code system, community screening, and social distancing policies, the number of new cases have decreased dramatically since February 12, 2020. CONCLUSIONS The methods employed by Chinese citizens and authorities have effectively curtailed the spread of COVID-19, demonstrating that this pandemic can be brought under control as long as the right measures are taken.

Knowledge, Attitudes and Perception in Regard to COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigerian Military Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 231-249
Author(s):  
A. J. Ogbole ◽  
J. S. Bisji ◽  
S. J. Umar ◽  
I. M. Jallo ◽  
S. O. Ezeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Military

The study assessed the knowledge, attitudes and perception of Nigerian Military population towards the coronavirus outbreak. A web-based cross-sectional survey was used to collect from 216 data from military officers from the Nigerian Army, Nigerian Air Force and the Nigerian Navy. Majority of the study sample were males, 88.4% (n = 191) and more than half the respondents were between 21 to 30 years old (50.5%). Also, 82.4% of the sample were graduates and 54.2% married. 82.9% were from Nigerian Army and 57.9% were commissioned officers with 6-10 years’ work experience 49.5 (n=107). Results show that there was no significant correlation between demographic factors of gender, age, military type, religion, education and marital status and knowledge of COVID-19 (p>.05). Results further show that there was no significant correlation between demographic factors and perception of COVID-19 (p>.05), meaning there was no significant difference in perception of COVID-19 based on demographic factors. Finally, the results showed that there was no significant correlation between demographic factors and attitude to COVID-19 (p>.05).  Irrespective of gender or age for example, knowledge, attitude, and perception of COVID-19 was good among the military population. Despites high level of awareness among the study population, it was recommended that the military authorities in Nigeria further strengthen their health systems, as well as the knowledge of infectious diseases and pandemics which will help them to assist the government and in educating the general populace through their military-civilian interface.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practices towards Corona (COVID-19) among General Population in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3567-3570
Author(s):  
Asma Shakoor ◽  
Aleeza Sana ◽  
Hammad Hassan ◽  
Farhan Ahmed ◽  
Sadia Sajjad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
Scientific Facts

Objective: COVID-19 began in Wuhan, China, and has since spread around the world, becoming the leading cause of death in 2020 from the day it infected the first human. The aim of this study was to determine how well the general public knew about COVID-19 and to investigate their attitudes and practices. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted for the period of two months from July 2021 to August 2021.The sample size was 907. Questionnaire was divided into three components and gathered information about demographic data, knowledge of COVID-19 and their practice section that involves steps taken by the individual to prevent contracting the infection and data was analysed. Results: In this study, 51 %( 463) participants were males and 49 %( 444) were females. 91% of respondents responded that they are aware of the fact that covid-19 is contagious infection. 54% of candidates take preventive measures such as they wash hands frequently, use hand sanitizer, steam inhalation, wear facemasks etc. 50% of respondents are practicing social distance through only going out for essentials for food items, while 16% do social distancing by working from home. Conclusion: The participants indicated a high level of awareness about the COVID-19 pandemic, its outbreak, and basic information about it. Educated people are more likely to believe the scientific facts thus more compliance with preventive measures.The majority of them were satisfied with the actions done by the Government of Punjab. Keywords: Awareness; Attitude; Practices; COVID-19; Public.

scholarly journals ENTOMOLOGICAL INDEX AND INSECTICIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY STATUS IN DENGUE-ENDEMIC AREAS YOGYAKARTA

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Fardhiasih Dwi Astuti ◽  
Arlina Azka
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vector Density ◽  
Entomological Survey ◽  
Index Value ◽  
High Level ◽  
Susceptibility Status

Backgrounds: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease that receives special attention because of causing outbreaks in some countries, including Indonesia. The problems that often emerge on the DHF Control Program are the high vector density (Aedes aegypti) and the vector resistance resulting from continuous insecticide use. This study describes the entomological index and susceptibility status of Aedes aegypti against malathion and permethrin insecticides in Sorosutan, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta.Methods: This study used a descriptive observational method with a cross-sectional design. An entomological survey is done at 354 houses in Sorosutan, which is randomly selected. The sample of Aedes aegypti was obtained through the larval collection and ovitrap installation in 100 places. Susceptibility tests performed using the bioassay method with impregnated paper were based on the WHO standard. This study was conducted from December 2018 – February 2019. The data were analyzed using univariate analysisResults: The entomological survey in Sorosutan showed the House Index value was 35.03%; Container Index was 16.68%; Breteau Index was 46.33; Density Figure was 5.00, and Larva Free Rate was 64.97%; meaning that Sorosutan had a high level of vector density. So, the risk of DHF transmission was high. The population of Aedes aegypti in Sorosutan has been tolerant against Malathion, with 87.83% mosquito mortality.Conclusion: Sorosutan was an area with high DHF transmission risk. Aedes aegypti population in Sorosutan has been tolerant against Malathion.

scholarly journals Measures Undertaken in China to Avoid COVID-19 Infection: Internet-Based, Cross-Sectional Survey Study

10.2196/18718 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. e18718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Huang ◽  
Qingqing Wu ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Screening ◽  
The Government ◽  
Public Strategies

Background In early 2020, over 80,000 cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were confirmed in China. Public prevention and control measures, along with efforts from all sectors of society, were undertaken to control and eliminate disease transmission. Objective This paper describes Chinese citizens’ response to the epidemic, the preventive measures they implemented to avoid being infected, and the public strategies that were carried out by the government, health workers, etc. We also discuss the efficacy of these measures in controlling the epidemic in China. Methods Information on the responses and behaviors of Chinese citizens were collected through a cross-sectional, internet-based survey using Dingxiang Doctor’s public account on WeChat. Information on public strategies implemented by all sectors of society to control the epidemic and data on new COVID-19 cases were collected from the internet, mainly from government websites. Standard descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to analyze the data. Results A total of 10,304 participants responded to the survey, with 10,198 valid responses; 74.1% (n=7557) were female and 25.9% (n=2641) were male. Overall, 98.2% (n=10,013) of participants paid high or very high attention to the epidemic, with WeChat being their main information source (n=9400, 92.2%). Over half the participants (n=5878, 57.7%) were confident that the epidemic could be curbed in China; 92.4% (n=9427) opened windows for ventilation more frequently than usual; 97.9% (n=9986) used masks in public; 95.7% (n=9759) avoided large crowds and stayed at home as much as possible; and 97.9% (n=9988) washed their hands more often than usual. Women were more likely to practice these behaviors than men (P<.001). With a series of strict public control measures, like nationwide health education campaigns, holiday extensions, the Examine and Approve Policy on the resumption of work, close management of working and living quarters, a health QR (Quick Response) code system, community screening, and social distancing policies, the number of new cases have decreased dramatically since February 12, 2020. Conclusions The methods employed by Chinese citizens and authorities have effectively curtailed the spread of COVID-19, demonstrating that this pandemic can be brought under control as long as the right measures are taken.

scholarly journals Mosquito Nest Eradication Behavior (PSN) in Communities in Rawabuntu Region South Tangerang

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1039-1052
Author(s):  
Triana Srisantyorini ◽  
PRITHA ERIKA FIHARSHI ◽  
Nur Romdhona ◽  
Ernyasih Ernyasih
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease that always increases and spreads widely. South Tangerang City is the highest city with several 417 cases in 2019. The role of the community is needed to break the chain of transmission using vector control through Mosquito Nest Eradication (PSN) activities. Activities such as eradicating mosquito eggs and larvae using 3M plus. This study was conducted to determine the factors related to the behavior of Mosquito Nest Eradication (PSN) in the Community in the Rawabuntu. The method of research is quantitative analytic with a cross-sectional design, univariate and bivariate analysis, primary data collection by filling out questionnaires using the PPS technique, and then by purposive sampling with an amount of 150 respondents. The result of the chi-square research shows that there is no correlation between knowledge and PSN behavior with a p-value (0,132), there is no correlation between attitudes and PSN behavior with a p-value (0,757), there is a correlation between information availability and PSN behavior with a p-value ( 0,001), there is a correlation between the role of health workers with PSN behavior with p-value (0,011). The result of this study there is no correlation between knowledge and attitudes with PSN behavior, but there is a correlation between the availability of information and the role of health workers with behavior (PSN). It is expected that health workers will provide information and monitor community activities to carry out PSN activities and for the community to make efforts to increase knowledge and attitude regarding PSN by conducting 3M plus regularly to prevent dengue fever.

PERCEIVED EFFECTS OF STREET HAWKING ON THE WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN IN ANYIGBA, DEKINA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Alfred Eboh
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Effects ◽  
The Government

Background: The hawking of wares by children has been a serious issue confronting the Nigerian society. Children hawk in some of the most horrible conditions conceivable, where they face a serious risk of injury, chronic illness, kidnapping, rape or death. Objective: The focus of this study was to assess the perceived effects of street hawking on the well-being of children in Anyigba, Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State. Methods: The population of this study consists of parents of the street hawkers in Anyigba while cross-sectional survey design was used through the purposive sampling technique to choose the sample size of one hundred and sixty-two (162) respondents. The validated structured questionnaire and In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) served as the instruments for the data collection respectively. The hypotheses were tested using Chi-Square at a predetermined 0.05 level of significance. The quantitative data were analysed with the aid of the SPSS (version 20). Results: The results indicated among others that street hawking had significant social implications and physical consequences on children's moral behaviour as well as health status in the study area. Conclusion: The study, therefore, concluded that the government of Kogi State should carry out an enlightenment campaign through the media and religious institutions on the negative consequences of street hawking are recommended as panacea. Also, the child right act instrument and its implementation should be strengthened in order to curb street hawking in the study area.

scholarly journals Public Health Workforce Burnout in the COVID-19 Response in the U.S.

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4369
Author(s):  
Kahler W. Stone ◽  
Kristina W. Kintziger ◽  
Meredith A. Jagger ◽  
Jennifer A. Horney
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Workforce ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Public Health Workforce ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The U.S

While the health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on frontline health care workers have been well described, the effects of the COVID-19 response on the U.S. public health workforce, which has been impacted by the prolonged public health response to the pandemic, has not been adequately characterized. A cross-sectional survey of public health professionals was conducted to assess mental and physical health, risk and protective factors for burnout, and short- and long-term career decisions during the pandemic response. The survey was completed online using the Qualtrics survey platform. Descriptive statistics and prevalence ratios (95% confidence intervals) were calculated. Among responses received from 23 August and 11 September 2020, 66.2% of public health workers reported burnout. Those with more work experience (1–4 vs. <1 years: prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.08−3.36; 5–9 vs. <1 years: PR = 1.89, CI = 1.07−3.34) or working in academic settings (vs. practice: PR = 1.31, CI = 1.08–1.58) were most likely to report burnout. As of September 2020, 23.6% fewer respondents planned to remain in the U.S. public health workforce for three or more years compared to their retrospectively reported January 2020 plans. A large-scale public health emergency response places unsustainable burdens on an already underfunded and understaffed public health workforce. Pandemic-related burnout threatens the U.S. public health workforce’s future when many challenges related to the ongoing COVID-19 response remain unaddressed.

Prevalence and risk factors of anaemia among men: A study based on Empowered Action Group states, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 026010602098234
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Himani Sharma ◽  
Kamalesh Kumar Patel
Keyword(s):  
Family Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Action Group ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Government ◽  
Eag States

Background: Despite various programmes initiated by the Government of India, the nutritional indicators are not encouraging, as several problems like undernutrition, malnutrition and anaemia – still persist in the country, especially in the Empowered Action Group (EAG) states. Aim: Because of the dearth of studies regarding anaemia among men in India, the present study aimed to determine its prevalence in this population in the EAG states and to analyse its geographical and socio-demographic determinants. Methods: The study utilized nationally representative, cross-sectional survey data from round 4 of the National Family Health Survey conducted in 2015–16. Bivariate analysis along with binary logistic regression were performed to assess the predictors of anaemia among men in the EAG states. Results: Around a quarter of the men in the EAG states suffered from anaemia. A similar high-prevalence pattern was observed across the EAG states. Wherein, Bihar and Jharkhand had the highest prevalence of anaemia while Uttarakhand showed the lowest. Age, place of residence, marital status and caste were positively associated with the likelihood of anaemia among men in the EAG states. Conclusions: Focusing on the EAG states, this study considered the severity of anaemia as a public health problem among men. Strategies to reduce the burden of anaemia among this population are needed. The government should formulate programmes targeting anaemia specifically, and improving the nutritional status among men in general in the EAG states.

scholarly journals Assessment of Knowledge and Sources of Information on Lassa Fever Infection Among the Undergraduate Students of Ebonyi State University, Nigeria

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824402110063
Author(s):  
MaryJoy Umoke ◽  
Prince Christian Ifeanachor Umoke ◽  
Chioma Adaora Nwalieji ◽  
Rosemary N. Onwe ◽  
Ifeanyi Emmanuel Nwafor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Lassa Fever ◽  
State University ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Endemic Diseases ◽  
Academic Level

Lassa fever is a zoonotic disease characterized by acute viral hemorrhagic fever, endemic in West Africa including Nigeria. The study assessed the knowledge and sources of information on Lassa fever infection among the undergraduate students of Ebonyi State University, Nigeria. This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey conducted among a sample of 389 students (18 years above). A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analyzed with SPSS (Version 20), and hypotheses were tested at p < .05 level of significance. Results showed that the majority of the students had good knowledge of Lassa fever description, 232 (60.75%); the signs and symptoms, 221 (57.9%); mode of transmission, 261 (68.41%); and preventive measures, 291 (76.13%). Radio, 23 (84.6%), and television, 307 (80.4%), were their major sources of information. Age ( p = .424), sex ( p = .082), and academic level ( p = .553) were not significant in the study, while faculty (social sciences; p = .000*) was strongly associated with the knowledge of Lassa fever. In conclusion, the overall knowledge of Lassa fever was good among students, though knowledge gaps were observed in the signs and symptoms. We recommend that health education on endemic diseases in the state be made a compulsory course as a general study (GST) in the university. Also, the internet, social media, and campus campaign be further used to educate and sensitize students on the effect of Lassa fever.

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