Abstract P196: Unhealthful Dietary Intake Pattern Identified by Reduced Rank Regression is Associated with Increased Arterial Stiffness among Youth with Type 1 Diabetes

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana P Lamichhane ◽  
Angela D Liese ◽  
Elaine M Urbina ◽  
Jamie L Crandell ◽  
Lindsay M Jaacks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Reduced Rank Regression ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Rank Regression ◽  
Reduced Rank ◽  
Diet Soda

Introduction: Youth with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) are at substantially increased risk for adverse vascular outcomes, but little is known about the influence of dietary behavior on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk profile and outcomes. Objective: We applied reduced rank regression (RRR) to identify a specific dietary pattern that explained the maximum amount of variation in CVD risk factors, and was strongly associated with markers of arterial stiffness (AS) in a cohort of youth with T1DM. Methods: Baseline diet data from a food frequency questionnaire and CVD risk factors (triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, C-reactive protein and waist circumference) were available for 1,153 youth aged ≥10 years with T1DM from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study. Dietary intake patterns were identified using 33 food-groups as predictors and six CVD risk factors as responses in an RRR analysis. AS outcomes were measured on average 18.9±7.1 months after the baseline diet assessment and were available only in a subset of participants from the SEARCH CVD pilot study. Associations between the RRR-derived dietary pattern explaining the maximum variation in CVD risk factors and AS measures [augmentation index(AIx75),n=229; pulse wave velocity(PWV),n=237; and brachial distensibility(BrachD),n=228] were then assessed using linear regression. Results: The RRR-derived pattern of interest was characterized by high intakes of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and diet soda, eggs, potatoes and high-fat meats, and low intakes of sweets/desserts and low-fat dairy; major contributors were SSB and diet soda. This pattern captured the largest variability in the adverse CVD risk profile and was subsequently positively associated with AIx75 in the final model (β=0.47; p<0.01). The mean difference in AIx75 concentration between the highest and the lowest dietary pattern quartiles was 4.3% in fully adjusted model. Associations of the dietary pattern with the other measures of AS, PWV and BrachD, were attenuated and became non-significant after adjustment for potential confounders. Conclusions: Intervention strategies to reduce consumption of unhealthful foods and beverages among youth with T1DM may significantly improve CVD risk profile and ultimately reduce the risk for AS. Future studies with larger samples are needed to explore the associations between the derived dietary pattern and other measures of AS (PWV and BrachD), which can provide further insights into possible pathways linking diet to AS in this high risk population.

scholarly journals Sex-Related Differences in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Profile in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10192
Author(s):  
Darja Smigoc Schweiger ◽  
Tadej Battelino ◽  
Urh Groselj
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of higher and earlier morbidity and mortality in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) compared to people without diabetes. In addition, women with T1D are at an even higher relative risk for CVD than men. However, the underlying pathophysiology is not well understood. Atherosclerotic changes are known to progress early in life among people with T1D, yet it is less clear when excess CVD risk begins in females with T1D. This review explores the prevalence of classical CVD risk factors (such as glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, albuminuria, smoking, diet, physical inactivity), as well as of novel biomarkers (such as chronic inflammation), in children and adolescents with T1D with particular regard to sex-related differences in risk profile. We also summarize gaps where further research and clearer clinical guidance are needed to better address this issue. Considering that girls with T1D might have a more adverse CVD risk profile than boys, the early identification of and sex-specific intervention in T1D would have the potential to reduce later CVD morbidity and excess mortality in females with T1D. To conclude, based on an extensive review of the existing literature, we found a clear difference between boys and girls with T1D in the presence of individual CVD risk factors as well as in overall CVD risk profiles; the girls were on the whole more impacted.

Western dietary pattern increases risk of cardiovascular disease in Iranian adults: a prospective population-based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvin Mirmiran ◽  
Zahra Bahadoran ◽  
Azita Zadeh Vakili ◽  
Fereidoun Azizi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Western Dietary Pattern ◽  
Increased Risk

Limited data are available regarding the association of major dietary patterns and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Middle Eastern countries. We aimed to evaluate the association of major dietary patterns, using factor analysis, with the risk of CVD. Participants without CVD (n = 2284) were recruited from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study and were followed for a mean of 4.7 years. Dietary intake of participants was assessed at baseline (2006–2008); biochemical variables were evaluated at baseline and follow-up examination. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to estimate risk of CVD across tertiles of dietary pattern scores. Linear regression models were used to indicate association of dietary pattern scores with changes of CVD risk factors over the study period. Two major dietary patterns, Western and traditional, were identified. During a mean 4.7 ± 1.4 years of follow-up, 57 participants experienced CVD-related events. In the fully adjusted model, we observed an increased risk of CVD-related events in the highest compared to the lowest tertile category of Western dietary pattern score (HR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.03–4.18, P for trend = 0.01). Traditional dietary pattern was not associated with incidence of CVD or CVD risk factors. A significant association was observed between the Western dietary pattern and changes in serum insulin (β = 5.88, 95% CI = 0.34–11.4). Our findings confirm that the Western dietary pattern, characterized by higher loads of processed meats, salty snacks, sweets, and soft drinks, is a dietary risk factor for CVD in the Iranian population.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: Findings from Prospective Real-life T1D Exchange Registry

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. e2032-e2038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viral N Shah ◽  
Ryan Bailey ◽  
Mengdi Wu ◽  
Nicole C Foster ◽  
Rodica Pop-Busui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Context Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of mortality in adults with type 1 diabetes. Objective We prospectively evaluated CVD risk factors in a large, contemporary cohort of adults with type 1 diabetes living in the United States. Design Observational study of CVD and CVD risk factors over a median of 5.3 years. Setting The T1D Exchange clinic network. Patients Adults (age ≥ 18 years) with type 1 diabetes and without known CVD diagnosed before or at enrollment. Main Outcome Measure Associations between CVD risk factors and incident CVD were assessed by multivariable logistic regression. Results The study included 8,727 participants (53% female, 88% non-Hispanic white, median age 33 years [interquartile ratio {IQR} = 21, 48], type 1 diabetes duration 16 years [IQR = 9, 26]). At enrollment, median HbA1c was 7.6% (66 mmol/mol) (IQR = 6.9 [52], 8.6 [70]), 33% used a statin, and 37% used blood pressure medication. Over a mean follow-up of 4.6 years, 325 (3.7%) participants developed incident CVD. Ischemic heart disease was the most common CVD event. Increasing age, body mass index, HbA1c, presence of hypertension and dyslipidemia, increasing duration of diabetes, and diabetic nephropathy were associated with increased risk for CVD. There were no significant gender differences in CVD risk. Conclusion HbA1c, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetic nephropathy are important risk factors for CVD in adults with type 1 diabetes. A longer follow-up is likely required to assess the impact of other traditional CVD risk factors on incident CVD in the current era.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Dietary Patterns Derived by Reduced Rank Regression and Risk of Depression in American Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 464-464
Author(s):  
Peng Zhao ◽  
Yemian Li ◽  
Jingxian Wang ◽  
Yuhui Yang ◽  
Danmeng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reduced Rank Regression ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Rank Regression ◽  
Reduced Rank ◽  
High Adherence ◽  
Response Variables

Abstract Objectives Depression is one of the most serious mental disorder worldwide. Published studies indicated that nutrients such as folic acid and magnesium may provide a protective effect against it. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether dietary patterns defined by nutrients are associated with the risk of depression. Methods Research data content of 23 464 adults was obtained from the NHANES database. Dietary data were assessed with a valid food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were derived by reduced rank regression with EPA + DHA, folate, Mg and Zn as response variables. The Patient Health Questionnaire was used to assess depressive symptoms (cutoff = 10). We applied logistic regression analyses to test the association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms. Finally, all samples were divided into three groups: low, medium and high adherence to dietary patterns according to the trinomial score of dietary patterns, and the differences of depression risk among the three groups were compared. Results In total, 3 020 cases with depression were observed. We identified a dietary pattern that was strongly associated with EPA + DHA, folate, Mg and Zn (response variables) intake, which was also characterized by the consumption of vegetables, grains, meat, nuts, beans, peas, and lentils, milk, cheese, oils and solid fats. After adjustment for confounders, a statistically significant association was observed (OR = 0.42, 95%CI: 0.36,0.50; P &lt; 0.001). In addition, compared with the low-adherence group, increasing adherence to this dietary pattern significantly reduced the risk of depression (medium-adherence: OR = 0.62, 95%CI: 0.55,0.71; high-adherence: OR = 0.43, 95%CI: 0.36,0.51; P &lt; 0.001). Conclusions Adults living in the United States have been linked to a lower risk of depression with a high-nutrient eating pattern. Funding Sources National Natural Science Foundation of China and National Key R&D Program of China.

scholarly journals Children with Early Sexual Maturation Exhibit Changes in Dairy and Soybean Consumption: A 6-Year Nationwide Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngan Thi Kim Nguyen ◽  
Hsien-Yu Fan ◽  
Shih-Yi Huang ◽  
Jia-Woei Hou ◽  
Chen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parent Education ◽  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Dietary Habit ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Reduced Rank Regression ◽  
Rank Regression ◽  
Reduced Rank ◽  
Soybean Diet

Abstract BackgroundEarly sexual maturation (ESM) is associated with behavioral disorders in adolescence and hormone-related cancers in adulthood. Dietary pattern (DP) has been noticed in association with ESM. However, to our knowledge, no study has shown that association between DP derived from reduced-rank regression (RRR) and ESM, and whether ESM influences tracking dietary habit in children. This study was therefore to examine the prospective association between childhood dietary pattern (DP) and ESM, and whether ESM influenced children’s dietary habit during 6 years of pubertal growth.MethodsThis longitudinal study, using the Taiwan Children Health Study cohort, included 2593 peripubertal children aged 11.1 ± 0.3 years in 2011. DPs were derived by factor analysis (FA) and reduced-rank regression (RRR) methods from food frequency questionnaires. ESM was assessed in 2012 at age 12.1 ± 0.3 years. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between DP scores and ESM (n = 2593). The change in DP scores between 2011 and 2017 was obtained by comparing baseline DP scores with those participants who completed the final assessment (n = 1018).ResultsAt baseline, 3 DPs (dairy–soybean, traditional, and vegetarian diet) were identified using FA. Children with FA-derived dairy–soybean diet had a significantly higher risk of ESM (females: odds ratio [OR] = 1.58, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07, 2.32; P = 0.02; males: OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.86; P = 0.01) after adjusting for parent education, family income, fat percentage, total energy intake, and screen time. RRR-derived DPs yielded similar associations. Children who experienced ESM exhibited a significantly higher decrease in DP scores of “dairy–soybean diet” than did children without ESM over a 6-year period. Children with ESM were prone to resume “traditional diet” after completing pubertal growth.ConclusionsAdherence to “dairy–soybean diet” in childhood were associated with ESM; therefore, children undergoing pubertal growth should be advised on appropriate levels of dairy and soybean consumption, even after completion of pubertal growth.Data Share StatementData described in the manuscript, code book, and analytic code will be made available upon request pending either before or after publication for checking through contact with the authors by emails.

scholarly journals P665 Cardiovascular risk profile in chronic auto-inflammatory diseases: a cross-sectional single center study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S589-S590
Author(s):  
J A M Sleutjes ◽  
J E Roeters van Lennep ◽  
P J P Verploegh ◽  
M B A van Doorn ◽  
M Vis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Profile ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Chronic auto-inflammatory diseases are associated with an increased risk of arterial and venous cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Pathogenesis may be related to chronic inflammation and/or traditional CVD risk factors. We aimed to assess the prevalence of CVD and cardiovascular risk profile in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), psoriasis (PSO) and spondylarthropathies (SpA). Methods This is a single center cross-sectional study at the depts. of Gastroenterology, Dermatology and Rheumatology. Patients ≥18 years underwent body measurements (blood pressure (BP), BMI, waist and hip circumference), laboratory analysis (plasma glucose, lipid spectrum) and completed a cardiovascular questionnaire (e.g. history of CVD, medication use). Multivariate linear and logistic regression models corrected for age and sex were applied to identify differences between groups.. Sensitivity analyses were performed excluding patients taking statins or anti hypertensive drugs. Within groups, association between lipid levels and clinical disease activity was assessed by stratification, and with CRP levels by Pearson correlation test. Results A total of 668 patients were included (335 males (50%), median age 47 years: 459 IBD (69%), 106 PSO (16%) and 103 SpA patients (15%). (Table 1) The prevalence of venous thromboembolisms was 6%, heart failure 3% and arterial CVD 8%. IBD patients had lower BMI, systolic BP, TC and LDL-c levels, and lower odds ratio of having diabetes, overweight and hypercholesterolemia, as compared to PSO and SpA, but a higher odds ratio of having VTE. (Table 2) These results were independent of statin of anti hypertensive drug use. All groups showed a trend towards higher levels of TC, HDL-c and LDL-c during disease remission as compared to active disease (Figure 1) Overall, TC and LDL-c levels were inversely correlated with CRP (R -.145, p=.002 and R -.111, p=.016); within groups a significant association was only observed in IBD. (Table 3, Figure 2) Conclusion IBD patients have a more favorable cardiovascular risk profile, as compared to PSO and SpA. Screening and early intervention for CVD risk factors requires different strategies for each population.

Abstract P260: Low Physical Activity Level, Underweight and Abdominal Obesity among Nigerian Rural Adolescents; Implication for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Program among Rural Adolescents in Nigeria

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nse A Odunaiya ◽  
Quinette A Louw ◽  
Karen Grimmer-sommers
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Rural Adolescents ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global health problem. Studies have shown that the majority of people dying from CVD have one or more major risk factors that are influenced by lifestyle. Major predisposing risk factors include obesity, physical inactivity, abdominal obesity. These risk factors have been seen in adolescents in developed countries. Throughout the world the risks are starting to appear earlier. Adolescence is a critical temporal window for the development of obesity in adult age. Researchers have advocated that children and adolescent populations should be the target for cardiovascular risk factors prevention programs, however, there is paucity of information on these risk factors especially among rural adolescents. It is a general belief in Nigeria that rural dwellers are active, consume natural foods as such CVD and other chronic diseases may not be highly prevalent among rural people However, primordial prevention for cardiovascular is needed even in rural communities since prevention is better than cure. The study aimed to ascertain selected CVD risk factors such as physical activity level, BMI Waist Hip ratio and dietary pattern of adolescents in rural Nigeria The study was a cross sectional survey of 1079 adolescents aged 15-18 years, attending schools at Ibarapa central local government of South West Nigeria. Ethical approval was sought and obtained from Stellenbosch University ethics committee, approval from the local Education authority and principals of the selected schools. Informed consent was obtained from the principals of the schools who acted in place of the parents and guardians who were not in the community and also from parents within the community. Assent was obtained from adolescents either written or verbal. CVD risk factors were assessed using standard measures .Result shows 23% of adolescents are underweight, 75% normal weight and 1.4% overweight. Waist hip ratio of 84.6% of adolescents are normal, 15.4% abdominal obesity, for physical activity level; 27.9% had low physical activity level, 36.5% moderate physical activity level and 35.6% high physical activity level. More female had low activity level compared to male, 63.5% compared to 36.5% The adolescents generally have bad dietary pattern such as high fat consumption, low fruit and vegetable intake Underweight is still a major problem among rural adolescents. Many of the rural adolescents are not active enough to safeguard their future health. Sedentary living is more among female than male. Although these rural adolescents are not generally obese but there is a high prevalence of abdominal obesity, low fruit and vegetable consumption which is associated with cardiovascular disease Implication; there is need for CVD primordial and primary prevention program for Nigerian rural adolescents

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