Abstract 288: Distribution of Pathological Features and Inflammatory Cells in Patients With Giant Cell Myocarditis

2020 ◽  
Vol 127 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
LIU SHANGYU ◽  
Yao Yan
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Ventricular Septum ◽  
Free Wall ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Giant Cell Myocarditis ◽  
Cardiac Lesions ◽  
The Right

Background: Giant-cell myocarditis (GCM) is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. The typical pathological features of GCM include an infiltration of multinucleated giant cells accompanied by numerous inflammatory immune cells. However, the etiology and pathophysiology of GCM remain largely unclear. Methods: Eight patients with pathological diagnoses with GCM underwent heart transplantation at our center. Hematoxylin- eosin (H-E) and Masson’s tri-chrome staining were performed on biopsies of the free walls of the right and left ventricles and interventricular septa of the original hearts to determine the characteristic distribution of cardiac lesions and the composition of infiltrating immune cells. A multiplex immunohistochemistry and multispectral imaging analysis were applied to further classify the specific types of inflammatory immune cells. Results: Inflammation found in a descending frequency gradually from the epicardium to the endocardium in the free wall of the left ventricle, but concentrated on the surface of right ventricular septum. Typical inflammatory infiltration and pathological changes were observed in the right-sided ventricular septum samples from all 8 patients. Numerous inflammatory immune cells, particularly CD4 + T cells, were detected in the lesion, which surrounded the emerging multinucleated giant cells. CD8 + T cells and a small number of regulatory T cells were scattered in the periphery. Conclusions: In GCM, cardiac lesions appear to concentrate particularly beneath the epicardium of the left ventricular free wall and the right side of the ventricular septum. These findings provide a rationale for the diagnostic use of conventional endocardial biopsy. The findings further suggest that myocardial injury is mediated by a variety of lymphocytes, especially CD4 + T cells.

Distribution of pathological features and inflammatory cells in patients with giant cell myocarditis

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Liu ◽  
Z Hu ◽  
Y Yao
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Heart Transplantation ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Ventricular Septum ◽  
Free Wall ◽  
Giant Cell Myocarditis ◽  
Cardiac Lesions ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Giant-cell myocarditis (GCM) is a rare disease with a poor prognosis, the etiology and pathophysiology of GCM remain largely unclear. Purpose Describe the distribution of GCM lesions, classify inflammatory cells, and explore the potential relationships of these features with clinical manifestations by examining the histopathological features of GCM in 8 patients who underwent heart transplantation. Methods Eight patients with pathological diagnoses with GCM underwent heart transplantation at our center. Hematoxylin- eosin (H-E) and Masson's tri-chrome staining were performed on biopsies of the free walls of the right and left ventricles and interventricular septa of the original hearts to determine the characteristic distribution of cardiac lesions and the composition of infiltrating immune cells. A multiplex immunohistochemistry and multispectral imaging analysis were applied to further classify the specific types of inflammatory immune cells. Results Inflammation found in a descending frequency gradually from the epicardium to the endocardium in the free wall of the left ventricle, but concentrated on the surface of right ventricular septum. Typical inflammatory infiltration and pathological changes were observed in the right-sided ventricular septum samples from all 8 patients. Numerous inflammatory immune cells, particularly CD4+ T cells, were detected in the lesion, which surrounded the emerging multinucleated giant cells. CD8+ T cells and a small number of regulatory T cells were scattered in the periphery. Conclusions In GCM, cardiac lesions appear to concentrate particularly beneath the epicardium of the left ventricular free wall and the right side of the ventricular septum. These findings provide a rationale for the diagnostic use of conventional endocardial biopsy. The findings further suggest that myocardial injury is mediated by a variety of lymphocytes, especially CD4+ T cells. Distribution of lesions in GCM Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Absent Pulmonary Valve with Tricuspid Atresia or Severe Tricuspid Stenosis: Report of Three Cases and Review of the Literature

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Litovsky ◽  
Michael Choy ◽  
Jeanny Park ◽  
Mark Parrish ◽  
Brenda Waters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Pulmonary Valve ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Tricuspid Atresia ◽  
Ventricular Free Wall ◽  
Ventricular Septum ◽  
Free Wall ◽  
Absent Pulmonary Valve ◽  
Right Ventricular Free Wall ◽  
The Right

Absence of the pulmonary valve occurs usually in association with tetralogy of Fallot and occasionally with an atrial septal defect or as an isolated lesion. Very rarely it occurs with tricuspid atresia, intact ventricular septum, and dysplasia of the right ventricular free wall and of the ventricular septum. We present the clinical, anatomic, and histologic findings of a new case, and for the first time, the data from two patients with absent pulmonary valve and severe tricuspid stenosis, who exhibited similar histologic findings. We also reviewed the clinical and anatomic data of 24 previously published cases and compared them with the new cases. In all three new cases, the myocardium of the right ventricle was very abnormal. In the two cases with tricuspid stenosis, large segments of myocardium were replaced with sinusoids and fibrous tissue. In the case with tricuspid atresia, the right ventricular free wall contained only fibroelastic tissue. The ventricular septum in all three patients showed asymmetric hypertrophy and in two of the three patients, multiple sinusoids had replaced large segments of myocardial cells. The left ventricular free wall myocardium and the walls of the great arteries were unremarkable. Our data indicate that myocardial depletion involving the right ventricular free wall and the ventricular septum and its replacement by sinusoids and fibroelastic tissue occur not only in cases of absent pulmonary valve with tricuspid atresia but also in cases of absent pulmonary valve with tricuspid stenosis. The degree of myocardial depletion varies and is more severe when the tricuspid valve is atretic.

scholarly journals THE INCIDENCE AND PATHOGENESIS OF MYOCARDITIS IN RABBITS AFTER GROUP A STREPTOCOCCAL PHARYNGEAL INFECTIONS

1956 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Glaser ◽  
Wilbur A. Thomas ◽  
Stephen I. Morse ◽  
James E. Darnell ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Myocardial Tissue ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Infection Group ◽  
Cardiac Lesions ◽  
Group A ◽  
Different Strains

Rabbits subjected to single pharyngeal infections with group A streptococci developed cardiac lesions characterized by myofiber necrosis and a non-granulocytic cellular reaction with histiocytes, lymphocytes, and Anitschkow myocytes. The histopathologic changes were demonstrable in some animals within 24 hours of inoculation, apparently were maximal 72 hours after induction of infection (at which time they were seen in the hearts of all nine rabbits studied), and thereafter healed in the course of the following 2 weeks. The extent of involvement was variable, and with healing the necrotic areas were replaced by fibrous tissue. When intradermal infections with the same organisms were produced in rabbits, cardiac lesions, indistinguishable from those observed in the pharyngeally infected group, appeared in a much smaller number of animals. The hearts of five of six rabbits sacrificed a month or more following the last of a series of streptococcal pharyngeal infections exhibited lesions characterized chiefly by fibrosis, although mononuclear cellular infiltrations were also noted. In these repetitively infected animals the presence of occasional multinucleated giant cells and a few small foci of calcification were features not encountered in the single infection group. In a second series of rabbits sacrificed 3 days after the last of three pharyngeal infections with different strains of streptococci, acute as well as more chronic changes were observed. In none of the lesions in rabbits subjected to single or multiple streptococcal infections were bacteria demonstrable, either in histologic sections or in cultures of myocardial tissue. A large number of control animals was studied concomitantly, and in only one instance was a lesion, considered comparable to those described in the streptococcal series, encountered. The implications of these findings, particularly in terms of the non-suppurative sequelae of streptococcal infections in man, are discussed.

scholarly journals Malignancy induced haemophagocytosis by erthroid cells and its transformation into a multinucleated giant cells – A unique clinical image

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 007-007
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Clinical Image ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Cytokine Release ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells

Haemophagocytosis is a dysregulated immune condition characterised by both inflammation and uncontrolled activation of macrophages and T-cells, which causes aberrant cytokine release, leading to cytokine storm [1] it can be primary or secondary, depending upon the etiology.

Sarcoidosis and other granulomatous lung disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjali Crawshaw
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Multisystem Disorder ◽  
Antigenic Stimulus ◽  
Granulomatous Lung Disease

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder characterized by the formation of non-caseating granulomas in many tissues. A granuloma is an organized aggregate of immune cells; it forms in response to an antigenic stimulus. It contains abnormal macrophages (epithelioid histiocytes, which often fuse to form multinucleated giant cells), lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, fibroblasts, and collagen.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Macrophage, T and B Cell Infiltration Within Pulmonary Granulomas Induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Two Non-Human Primate Models of Aerosol Infection

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Hunter ◽  
Suzie Hingley-Wilson ◽  
Graham R. Stewart ◽  
Sally A. Sharpe ◽  
Francisco Javier Salguero
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Acid Fast Bacilli ◽  
Cynomolgus Macaques ◽  
Pulmonary Granulomas ◽  
Human Primate

Non-human primate models of Tuberculosis (TB) are one of the most commonly used within the experimental TB field because they closely mimic the whole spectrum of disease progression of human TB. However, the early cellular interactions of the pulmonary granuloma are still not well understood. The use of this model allows investigation into the early interactions of cells within pulmonary granulomas which cannot be undertaken in human samples. Pulmonary granulomas from rhesus and cynomolgus macaques from two timepoints post infection were categorised into categories 1 – 6 (early to late stage granulomas) and immunohistochemistry was used to identify CD68+ macrophages, CD3+ T cells and CD20+ B cells. Multinucleated giant cells and acid-fast bacilli were also quantified. At week four post infection, cynomolgus macaques were found to have more CD68+ cells than rhesus in all but category 1 granulomas. Cynomolgus also had a significantly higher percentage of CD20+ B cells in category 1 granulomas. At week twelve post infection, CD68+ cells were most abundant in category 4 and 5 granulomas in both species; however, there were no significant differences between them. CD3+ T cells and CD20+ B cells were significantly higher in the majority of granuloma categories in cynomolgus compared to rhesus. Multinucleated giant cells and acid-fast bacilli were most abundant in categories 5 and 6 at week 12 post challenge in both species. This study has identified the basic cellular composition and spatial distribution of immune cells within pulmonary granulomas in both rhesus and cynomolgus macaques over time. The data from this study will add to the knowledge already gained in this field and may inform future research on vaccines and therapeutics for TB.

Spontaneous Osteosarcoma in a Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 691-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kondo ◽  
M. Ishikawa ◽  
H. Maeda ◽  
M. Onuma ◽  
M. Masuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Helical Computed Tomography ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
The Right

A 6-year-old male cross-breed rabbit ( Oryctolagus cuniculus) was presented with lameness and severe swelling from the right shoulder to brachium. On 16-detector helical computed tomography images of the amputated right forelimb after being fixed in formalin, evident proliferative and destructive lesions of bone were observed. On histologic examination, the tumor was composed of proliferating neoplastic cells that resembled histiocytes, with abundant osteoid production. A large number of multinucleated giant cells were found throughout. This case was diagnosed as osteosarcoma by clinical, radiographic, and histologic findings. This is a rare case report of osteosarcoma in a rabbit consistent with canine predilection sites.

Case 13.23

2014 ◽  
pp. 657-658
Author(s):  
Christine U. Lee ◽  
James F. Glockner
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Ventricular Septum ◽  
Proton Density ◽  
Short Axis ◽  
Free Wall ◽  
Male Adolescent ◽  
Fatty Replacement ◽  
P 16 ◽  
The Right

16-year-old male adolescent with an arrhythmia during elective surgery Axial end-systolic SSFP images (Figure 13.23.1) demonstrate small focal outpouchings along the free wall of the right ventricle. Axial double inversion recovery proton density-weighted FSE image (Figure 13.23.2) reveals minimal fatty replacement in the right side of the ventricular septum. Short-axis MDE image (...

scholarly journals Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours of the respiratory tract: A series of three cases with varying clinical presentations and treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 458-463
Author(s):  
Dragana Tegeltija ◽  
Aleksandra Lovrenski ◽  
Goran Stojanovic ◽  
Milorad Bijelovic ◽  
Ivana Jelicic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Choice Of Treatment ◽  
The Right

Introduction. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in the respiratory system is a rare and controversial disease. It is macroscopically well-circumscribed, non-encapsulated, firm and usually a yellowish-white mass. Histologically it is composed of the following spindled and inflammatory cells: lymphocytes, plasma cells, and histiocytes, including Touton type multinucleated giant cells. Case Outline. The series included a 49-year-old man with a tracheal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor who complained of hoarseness; a 42-year-old man who was coughing and had a blood-stained sputum, and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor was in the right main and intermediate bronchus; and a 32-yearold man with chest pain and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor as a solitary peripheral nodule in the left lower lobe. In all the cases, the tumor was resected bronchoscopically and surgically. Conclusion. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the lung and the trachea is rare. Complete resection, when possible, should be the choice of treatment. After the complete removal, prognosis is generally excellent and recurrences are rare.

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