Eine Kantische Begründung individueller Klimapflichten

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-692
Author(s):  
Simon Hollnaicher
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Categorical Imperative ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Imperfect Duties ◽  
Perfect Duties ◽  
Making A Difference ◽  
The Face ◽  
Individual Actions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Climate Crisis

Abstract According to a well-known problem in climate ethics, individual actions cannot be wrong due to their impact on climate change since the individual act does not make a difference. By referring to the practical interpretation of the categorical imperative, the author argues that certain actions lead to a contradiction in conception in light of the climate crisis. Universalizing these actions would cause foreseeable climate impacts, making it impossible to pursue the original maxim effectively. According to the practical interpretation, such actions are morally wrong. The wrongness of these actions does not depend on making a difference, rather these actions are wrong because they make it impossible for others to act accordingly. Thus, apart from imperfect duties, for which has been argued convincingly elsewhere (Henning 2016; Alberzart 2019), we also have perfect duties to refrain from certain actions in the face of the climate crisis.

scholarly journals Climate Change, Human Rights and Justice

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Climate Change Negotiations ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Equity And Efficiency ◽  
The Face ◽  
International Climate ◽  
Climate Crisis

The global climate crisis is not just a matter of fixing industry so that it can produce profitably and contaminate less. There is a far more pressing issue facing us: how to address the negative climate impacts of development that is irresponsible in terms of its human and environmental costs. Mitigation and adaptation are two fundamental pillars of the climate debate. Technological equity and efficiency (mitigation) and the capacity of communities to brace themselves in the face of climate change (adaptation), are both fundamental to advance international climate change negotiations.

scholarly journals Klimatyczne ABC. Interdyscyplinarne podstawy współczesnej wiedzy o zmianie klimatu

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Bohdanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Social Studies ◽  
Online Course ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University ◽  
Climate Crisis

In the face of the climate crisis, education based on the current scientific knowledge is an exceptionally urgent need. This textbook was created on the initiative of the scientists associated with the “UW for Climate” team, by 16 experts from the University of Warsaw and other academic centers, representing various fields of knowledge, such as physics, chemistry, biology, ecology, economics, psychology and engineering. Thus, it is an interdisciplinary textbook, just like the issue of climate change itself. The textbook is addressed to the university students interested in the basics of knowledge about climate change, regardless of the field of their study, as well as to the high school students and teachers. The individual topics of the “Climate ABC” are related to such areas of school knowledge as: physics, chemistry, biology and ecology, geography and social studies. The textbook also accompanies the online course under the same name offered by the University of Warsaw. The book is divided into four parts, presenting the mechanisms of global warming (part 1), its causes (part 2), consequences (part 3) and actions that can prevent the most negative effects of climate change (part 4).

Bringing women's livelihood and care perspectives into climate decision making.

2021 ◽  
pp. 196-210
Author(s):  
P. E. Perkins ◽  
B. Osman
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Social Resilience ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Address Climate Change ◽  
The Face ◽  
Climate Crisis

Abstract This chapter explores the livelihood and care implications of the climate crisis from a gendered viewpoint that includes the implications of this approach for climate decision making at multiple scales, from local to global. The focus is on grassroots political organizing, activism, and movements as well as women's community-based actions to (re)build social resilience in the face of climate chaos. Challenges and policy implications are discussed as governments struggle to meaningfully and equitably address climate change. Also highlighted are the transformational imperatives of care and livelihood priorities which cast into stark relief the unsustainability of the long-established gender inequities that serve as the foundation for economic systems everywhere.

Reification and passivity in the face of climate change

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Leduc Browne
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Structural ◽  
Social Innovations ◽  
Systemic Transformation ◽  
The Face ◽  
Climate Crisis ◽  
Do So

Why do so many people remain so passive in the face of today’s massive, looming economic, political, and ecological crises, such as climate change? Despite some notable rhetorical and regulatory examples, attempts to stem climate change have, as a rule, not come to frame the activities of most citizens. The inability to confront the imperative of social transformation today is a complex, manifold problem. At root, it has to do with fundamental systemic features of a global social system that we all contribute to reproducing in our everyday lives. While these features do not preclude political engagement, innovation, and action, they do undermine the bases of movements towards truly systemic transformation. This article focuses on one such feature, reification, as a social-structural foundation of passivity that impedes the social innovations required to tackle the climate crisis.

scholarly journals Ambiente e Salute News n.11 - settembre-ottobre 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Giacomo Toffol ◽  
Angela Biolchini ◽  
Luisa Bonsembiante ◽  
Vinceza Briscioli ◽  
Laura Brusadin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
International Health ◽  
Health News ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
The Face ◽  
Climate Crisis

Environment and health news This issue of Ambiente e salute news comes out shortly after two significant events: the COP26 which took place in Glasgow in November 2021 with media coverage inversely proportional to the results, and a support initiative, Ride for Their Lives initiative which led pediatricians and international health workers on bicycles from London to Glasgow to reiterate that individual behaviors are also indispensable to protect our planet for the future of our children, and that it is necessary for the medical profession to mobilize much more in this direction. This concept was reiterated once again by the authors and readers of the bmj, as seen in this statement: https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2021/10/24/we-must-protect-our-planet-for-our-childrens-future/. Our alleged powerlessness in the face of the complexity of climate change can be overcome through awareness of what we know and what we can put into practice, and this belief also supports this column: https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2021/10/24/the-climate-crisis-how-do-we-show-we-care/. As in the previous issues, we summarize here briefly the main articles published in the monitored journals, among which numerous are precisely those relating to climate change and air pollution. This issue is based on the systematic review of the September and October 2021 publications.

Democracy and the Challenge of Climate Change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Lindvall
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Policy ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Institutional Learning ◽  
The Face ◽  
Policy Agendas ◽  
Free Flow Of Information ◽  
Climate Crisis

Climate change actions in democracies face perceived challenges such as short-term bias in decision-making, policy capture or inconsistency, weak accountability mechanisms and the permeability of the policy-making process to interests adverse to fighting climate change through the role of money in politics. Apart from its intrinsic value to citizens, democracy also brings critical advantages in formulating effective climate policy, such as representative parliaments which can hold governments to account, widespread civic participation, independent media and a free flow of information, the active engagement by civil society organizations in policymaking and the capacity for institutional learning in the face of complex issues with long-term and global social and political implications. International IDEA’s work on change and democracy aims to support democratic institutions to successfully confront the climate crisis by leveraging their advantages and overcoming the challenges to formulating effective and democratically owned climate policy agendas.

Intergenerational Ethics and Individual Duties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Cripps
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Global Level ◽  
The Face ◽  
Moral Duties ◽  
Combined Actions ◽  
Individual Actions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Intergenerational Ethics ◽  
Individual Duties

This chapter defends a cooperative promotional model of individual intergenerational moral duties. The individual can feel powerless and detached in the face of intergenerational moral challenges, which generally result from the combined actions of billions of people and require global-level solutions. Two individual duties are commonly debated: to promote effective collective action and to minimize one’s own contribution to the problem, for example, by cutting one’s carbon footprint. The cooperative promotional model incorporates both possibilities, including in many cases a duty to have a small family. The argument starts by assuming a shared or “weakly collective” duty requiring the global affluent to organize to avoid severe intergenerational injustice, a claim widely defended on positive and negative grounds. On the cooperative promotional model, each individual must cooperate with motivated others as far as reasonably possible to promote fair, effective, efficient collective-level progress toward this collective end. In determining how to act, individuals must consider collective or reliably coordinated action as well as the chance of triggering significant change through adding to aggregated individual actions. The account does not automatically require “taking up the slack” for obstructive individuals and institutions—it will often mandate cooperating to increase compliance—but is complicated by the need to adjust for unwilling duty bearers.

scholarly journals Climate change and its impacts: growing stress factors for human societies

2010 ◽  
Vol 92 (879) ◽  
pp. 557-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Beniston
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
First Century ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Face ◽  
Water Quality And Quantity

AbstractThe realization that human beings need to be concerned about the only ‘life-support system’ that the Earth and its environment provides stems perhaps in part from the fact that, until fairly recently, the evolution of humankind was largely dependent on the quality of the environment and the resources it provides in terms of water, food, and favourable health conditions. These are as vital as ever, despite current levels of technology and apparent resilience in the face of often degraded environments in many parts of the world. Today, the conditions for human sustainability (i.e. water quality and quantity, food security, and health) are potentially under threat as a result of numerous human-induced factors; among these, climate change is certainly one of the more durable aspects of anthropogenic disruptions to natural resources. This article will therefore focus on the possible evolution of climate in the course of the twenty-first century and on a number of key climate impacts that may determine the future course of human societies, as well as issues that may confront them such as rivalries over natural resources and possible environmentally driven conflicts and migrations.

scholarly journals Making the climate crisis personal through a focus on human health

2021 ◽  
Vol 166 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay S. Limaye
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
Climate Crisis

AbstractClimate change–driven health impacts are serious, widespread, and costly. Importantly, such damages are largely absent from policy debates around the costs of delay and inaction on this crisis. While climate change is a global problem, its impacts are localized and personal, and there is growing demand for specific information on how climate change affects human health in different places. Existing research indicates that climate-fueled health problems are growing, and that investments in reducing carbon pollution and improving community resilience could help to avoid tens to hundreds of billions of dollars in climate-sensitive health impacts across the USA each year, including those stemming from extreme heat, air pollution, hurricanes, and wildfires. Science that explores the underappreciated local health impacts and health-related costs of climate change can enhance advocacy by demonstrating the need to both address the root causes of climate change and enhance climate resilience in vulnerable communities. The climate crisis has historically been predominantly conceived as a global environmental challenge; examination of climate impacts on public health enables researchers to localize this urgent problem for members of the public and policymakers. In turn, approaches to climate science that focus on health can make dangerous climate impacts and the need for cost-effective solutions more salient and tangible.

scholarly journals We must challenge the idea that humans are not designed to solve climate change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quentin Atkinson ◽  
Jennifer Jacquet
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Psychological Barriers ◽  
Climate Action ◽  
The Face ◽  
Tackle Climate Change ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Institutional Actors

In the face of a slow and inadequate global response to anthropogenic climate change, scholars and journalists frequently claim that human psychology is not designed or evolved to solve the problem, and highlight a range of ‘psychological barriers’ to climate action. Here, we critically examine this claim and the evidence on which it is based. We identify four key problems with attributing climate inaction to ‘human nature’ or evolved psychological barriers: 1) it minimizes variability within and between populations; 2) it oversimplifies psychological research and its implications for policy; 3) it frames responsibility for climate change in terms of the individual at the expense of the role of other aspects of culture, including institutional actors; and 4) it rationalizes inaction. For these reasons, the message from social scientists must be clear - our current collective failure to tackle climate change on the scale required cannot be explained as a product of a universal and fixed human nature because it is a fundamentally cultural phenomenon, reflecting culturally evolved values, norms, institutions, and technologies that can and must change rapidly.

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