Land Surveying in Early Pennsylvania

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Gallo
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Land Policy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Land Surveying ◽  
World English

By the end of the seventeenth century, Anglo-Americans on both sides of the Atlantic accepted the importance of surveying to any system of land ownership. Most historians of colonial British have similarly taken colonial surveying practices as a given. This article complicates these assumptions through an examination of Pennsylvania in a wider context. In fact, land policy in colonial Anglo-America differed significantly from practices elsewhere in the early modern world. English colonizers embraced a model of settler colonialism that created a market for land, thus encouraging the proliferation of modern surveying practices.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Suzanna Ivanič
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Material Religion ◽  
Material Record ◽  
Everyday Religion

By combining the study of early modern everyday religion and the study of material culture, new light is shed on daily religious beliefs, practices, and identities. This chapter examines what the material record discloses about everyday religion in the light of new theoretical developments in material culture studies and studies of material religion in anthropology and sociology. It sets out how detailed, qualitative analysis of inventories and objects provides access to the inner devotional lives of Prague burghers. The analysis is embedded in a broader discourse of religion and material culture across the early modern world. It situates the study in a wider context by comparing and contrasting seventeenth-century Prague to milieus elsewhere in Europe.

Divine Illumination, Mechanical Calculators, and the Roots of Modern Reason

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Dear
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Inferential Reasoning ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mechanical Reasoning ◽  
Divine Illumination ◽  
Natural Philosophers

ArgumentTalk of “reason” and “rationality” has been perennial in the philosophy and sciences of the European, Latin tradition since antiquity. But the use of these terms in the early-modern period has left especial marks on the specialties and disciplines that emerged as components of “science” in the modern world. By examining discussions by seventeenth-century philosophers, including natural philosophers such as Descartes, Pascal, and Hobbes, the practical meanings of, specifically, inferential reasoning can be seen as reducing, for most, to intellectual processes deriving from foundations that required intuitional insight that was owing to God. Mechanical reasoning, or artificial intelligence, was a contradiction in terms for such as Pascal, whose views of his own arithmetical machine illustrate the issue well. Hobbes’ analysis of reason, however, replaced the ineffable authority of God with the authority of the civil power, to reveal the social reality of “reason” as nothing other than authorized judgment.

Muscovy and the "General Crisis of the Seventeenth Century"

1998 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert O. Crummey
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
The Troubles ◽  
General Terms ◽  
The Many

AbstractThis article discusses the applicability of the concept of the "general crisis of the seventeenth century" to Russia. The author begins by reviewing the literature on the "general crisis," particularly the contributions that potentially throw the most light on Russia's historical experience. Jack Goldstone's new book, Revolution and Rebellion in the Early Modern World, receives particular attention. The author argues that Goldstone's multi-causal, but ultimately new-Malthusian model is not helpful in explaining Russian developments: insofar as historians understand them, demographic trends in seventeenth-century Russia do not support Goldstone's arguments. In more general terms, the author concludes that a number of contributions to the debate on the "general crisis" do help to explain Russian events. In fact, Russia had two profound crises that display important parallels with simultaneous events elsewhere in Europe- the Time of the Troubles (1598-1613) and the crisis of 1648-49. The former was the most severe of the many European crises of the 1590s. The latter was, in essence, a revolt of taxpayers against the rapidly increasing demands of an absolutist state. Although the rebels did not overthrow Tsar Alexis' regime, his government, in response, took important steps toward more effective absolute rule, most importantly the full enserfment of the manorial peasantry.

Grammar (1678)

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-133
Author(s):  
Carla Nappi
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Latin Language

Chapter 3 tells the story of the first Latin language grammar of Manchu, composed by French Jesuit Ferdinand Verbiest in the seventeenth century. It considers the ways that the Latin language was used as an imperial force in the early modern world. It also reflects on the relationships between grammar, translation, and desire.

English Misadventures in the Red Sea and the Tangled Web of Jurisdiction, Sovereignty and Commerce in the Early Seventeenth Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-167
Author(s):  
Jason C. White
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Port City ◽  
Regional Capital

This article analyses the first three English ventures into the Red Sea from 1608–1614 under the auspices of the East India Company's fourth, sixth, and eighth voyages. These ventures experienced a variety of disasters from shipwreck, captivity, mutiny, and the deaths of crewmembers. The sixth voyage, commanded by Henry Middleton, experienced the worst of the disasters. Middleton ran afoul of Ottoman officials in the port city of Mocha in Yemen and was taken in chains to the regional capital of Sana'a. He eventually escaped and returned to the Red Sea to seek revenge by blockading the port and committing acts of piracy. Middleton's actions reverberated back to Istanbul and London, where the main point of contact between England and the Ottoman Empire, the Levant Company, was forced to deal with the fallout in order to maintain its presence in the Sultan's dominions. The article argues that, despite the failures of these voyages, they reveal a great deal about the nature of overlapping jurisdictions and sovereignty in the early modern world, and furthermore they provide an important window into the evolution of corporations into entities capable of putting together empires amongst these disparate jurisdictions.

India and the Anglo-Muslim Love Affair

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-85
Author(s):  
Martin Pugh
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Science And Literature ◽  
Love Affair ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Modern Turkey ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Subordinate Role

This chapter explains that it was in India that the British became most fond of Muslims, and there that the relationship acquired an element of romance. For all the Victorians' self-confidence in the superiority of their civilisation, when the relationship with India began in the seventeenth century, the British played a distinctly subordinate role. The early modern world was dominated by three great empires: the Ottomans, based in modern Turkey but stretching far beyond it; the Safavids in Persia; and the Mughals in India. Apart from their military might, all three boasted impressive cultural achievements in terms of art, architecture, science, and literature that made them superior to the Europeans of the time. When the British sought to trade with India at the start of the seventeenth century, they found the country under arguably the greatest of the Mughal emperors, Akbar, who ruled from 1556 to 1605.

scholarly journals The Global World in the Pre-Modern Era: Lessons from the Past for Our Future With a Focus on the Early Modern Novel Fortunatus (1509)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-164
Author(s):  
Albrecht Classen
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
The Past ◽  
Modern Novel ◽  
Popular Work ◽  
Global World ◽  
Modern Era

There are many efforts underway today to investigate the true extent to which the notion of globalism already applied to the pre-modern world. This study reviews some of the major scholarly contributions, examines major historical, social, and literary developments and phenomena in the Middle Ages that lend themselves well to support the argument that early forms of globalism certainly existed, and illustrates this specifically through a close reading of the anonymous German novel Fortunatus, first printed in Augsburg in 1509. The conclusions that can be drawn from this highly popular work, republished and translated many times far into the late seventeenth century, find significant confirmation in even much earlier texts and historical networks. Hence, carefully modified and adapted, the concept of globalism finds confirmation already in the pre-modern world.

Oky ontatechiata

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-211
Author(s):  
Kathryn Magee Labelle
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Moral Panics

This article focuses on the Wendat Panic of 1635–1645.While details of popular moral panics such as the Salem Trials of the 1690s are replete, historians continue to question not only the general characteristics of witchcraft in Native society (how it functioned on a day-to-day basis) but also more specific queries concerning the degree to which Native witchcraft was a colonial product and the influence of social structures such as gender and class on accusations. By applying an ethnohistorical approach to several seventeenth-century Wendat case studies, brief glimpses into the Wendat world are uncovered and serve to answer some of these questions. Taken as a whole, an investigation into the Wendat experience places unique Wendat notions of witchcraft within the more general human historical context of the early modern world.

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