Toward a Global History of Young Israel

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-292
Author(s):  
Oded Heilbronner
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
State Building ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Global History ◽  
Western History ◽  
Building Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
Western European

Abstract This article argues that the first two decades of Israeli state-building can be compared structurally to some main processes in postwar Western-European societies, and that this approach productively situates Israel within a global perspective, uncovering new relationships between the local and the global. In addition, it proposes a methodological reading of the young Israeli society before the Six-Day War and a theoretical framework in which to place it. It provides an analysis of this young society from the perspective of Western history, constituting a new reference point that does not strive to negate other common approaches. If, until now, the history of the first two decades of Israel has been examined from a local and particular point of view – whether the state-building process or political, social, and national controversies – I propose to view the Israel of the 1950s–1960s as a postwar society that underwent the same structural processes as other Western European societies during those years, despite domestic differences.

scholarly journals Looted Art and Restitution in the Twentieth Century – Towards a Global Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-518
Author(s):  
Bianca Gaudenzi ◽  
Astrid Swenson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
Global History ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
World War ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World

Introducing the Journal of Contemporary History Special Issue ‘The Restitution of Looted Art in the 20th Century’, this article proposes a framework for writing the history of looting and restitution in transnational and global perspective. By comparing and contextualizing instances of looting and restitution in different geographical and temporal contexts, it aims to overcome existing historiographical fragmentations and move past the overwhelming focus on the specificities of Nazi looting through an extended timeframe that inserts the Second World War into a longer perspective from the nineteenth century up to present day restitution practices. Particular emphasis is put on the interlinked histories of denazification and decolonization. Problematizing existing analytical, chronological and geographical frameworks, the article suggests how a combination of comparative, entangled and global history approaches can open up promising new avenues of research. It draws out similarities, differences and connections between processes of looting and restitution in order to discuss the extent to which looting and restitution were shaped by – and shaped – changing global networks.

THE HISTORY OF STATE BUILDING IN THE SOVIET UNION UNDER STALIN

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-113
Author(s):  
Mikhail Mints ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Political History ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
State Building ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
History Of

This review article deals with a collection of essays published in «Europe-Asia Studies», vol. 71, N 6 (2019), the authors of which are analyzing Stalinism as a specific exemplar of state-building. Their research is based on various concepts of modern social sciences, especially on the theory of the developmental state. The authors show the new opportunities provided by such an approach and suggest the main directions of further study of the political history of the USSR from this point of view.

The elk, the ass, the tapir, their hooves, and the falling sickness: a story of substitution and animal medical substances

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Podgorny
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
Global History ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Human Universals ◽  
History Of ◽  
Falling Sickness ◽  
Local Traditions ◽  
Natural Histories

AbstractThis article presents a preliminary survey by which to track, in thelongue durée, the path of the nail of theGran Bestia(great beast), a remedy that appeared in therapeutics on both sides of the Atlantic. TheGran Bestiais mentioned in the natural histories, books of remedies, and medical handbooks that proliferated in the Old World and European settlements from the seventeenth century onwards. From the point of view of global history, it is a revealing case from which to investigate, first, how the transfer of a name between continents involved the associated transfer of medical virtues and properties and, second, long before Linnaeus, how the commerce in medicines, skins, and other animal products contributed to associating different animal kinds from different cultural worlds. Far from human universals, the history of the great beast seems to refer to common meanings created by commerce. This article therefore argues for a new investigation into the global and transdisciplinary dimension of objects that is not limited to exclusively local traditions, and may instead reflect the living remains of a long history of exchanges, translations, and transfers that de- and re-functionalized nature in evolving geographies over several centuries.

Friedrich Engels Zwischen Anthropologie und Sprachwissenschaft

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Ramat
Keyword(s):  
Historical Linguistics ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Evolution Model ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Global Science ◽  
German Dialects ◽  
History Of ◽  
Friedrich Engels

Summary The author aims to show that Friedrich Engels’ linguistic researches, especially in his Der fränkische Dialekt, are to be considered within the same theoretical framework of historic materialism which underlies his more comprehensive studies on the history of primitive peoples, such as the ancient Germanic or Celtic tribes. The main difference, however, between Engels’ so-cio-anthropological and his linguistic studies is that for the latter he did not elaborate an evolution model based on the theories of Darwin or L. H. Morgan, for instance, which clearly underlie the former. On the contrary, Engels’ linguistic investigation of his own dialect is ‘data-oriented’ in a very pragmatic way. This is to be seen also as a reaction against the rigid schematism of the neogrammarian school; thus Engels polemicizes against Wilhelm Braune who took the second consonant shift as the only and conclusive criterion for classifying the German dialects. Nevertheless repeated statements in Engels’ correspondence and other writings make it clear that he was fully aware of the fact that historical linguistics – and especially the comparative method – had inaugurated a new chapter in the history of language study. Parallels between Engels’ linguistic investigations and his socio-anthropological studies can be shown to exist not at the more superficial level of techniques of analysis, but rather at a deeper one: both are part of a global ‘science of man’ and to be based on a materialistic and dialectic point of view.

The Study of European Political Development

1977 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 462-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Merkl
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Political Change ◽  
State Building ◽  
Organizational Life ◽  
Full Circle ◽  
Building Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Model ◽  
Current Return

The evolution of theories of political development has gone full circle with its current “return to Europe” and to history. Scholars are once more examining the early state-building process and especially the extractive and repressive activities of its military, bureaucratic, and taxation systems. A geographical and historical model of the timing of state formation in Europe since 1500 reveals situations and necessities that explain much of the history of various European states. The changing dynamics of collective action and violence since 1830, moreover, reflect the underlying transformation of society and organizational life. But it is still too early to attempt an exhaustive synthesis of the different theories of crisis and political change.

scholarly journals Frederick II of Hohenstaufen and modern ecology

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Pekka Niemelä ◽  
Timo Vuorisalo ◽  
Simo Örmä
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Species Concept ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
History Of Biology ◽  
Western History ◽  
Modern Ecology ◽  
Bird Fauna ◽  
History Of

Emperor Frederick II’s early thirteenth-century book on falconry, De arte venandi cum avibus, is probably the most famous single source for scholars who survey the state-of-the-art in natural sciences in medieval times. Most of the research on his book has focused on the marginal illustrations featuring about 80 bird species. However, the book contains a large amount of ethological, ecological, morphological and faunistic knowledge about bird fauna. Frederick was also one of the first to conduct experiments with birds. Here, we describe the ornithological experiments and observations of Frederick and evaluate them from the perspective of modern ecology. In many contexts, Frederick expressed criticism of Aristotle and his work Liber Animalium. Frederick’s observation upon the geographical variation of species was partially in contrast to the Aristotelian typological or essentialist species concept. This is an important finding from the point of view of the western history of biology. De arte venandi cum avibus demonstrates Frederick’s deep knowledge of the ecology, morphology and behaviour of birds. This knowledge he gained via his long practice with falconry. The love of falconry made Frederick an early proponent of empiricism, and De arte venandi cum avibus was actually the most important achievement of empirical zoology in the thirteenth century.

scholarly journals The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and its influence on the State-Building Process in Azerbaijan

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
Savalan Suleymanli
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Major Obstacle ◽  
Building Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Smooth State

The article deals with the impact of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict on the state-building process of Azerbaijan and its influence on the security of the country and the whole region. It identifies that this conflict was the major obstacle in ensuring smooth functioning of state authorities in the initial period of the independence of Azerbaijan. It is mentioned that, nowadays, the state-building process are successfully carried out in Azerbaijan. However, deadlock in the solution of the conflict are the major source of threat and instability not only for Azerbaijan but also for the whole region. From this point of view, unless the solution of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, it seems that this problem will keep its negative impact on the smooth state-building process in Azerbaijan.

Die Internationale Kontrollkommission Albaniens und die albanischen Machtzentren (1913/1914). Beitrag zur Geschichte der Staatsbildung Albaniens / The Albanian International Commission of Control and the Albanian power centres (1913/1914) – Contribution to the history of the state-building process in Albania

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-267
Author(s):  
Krisztián Csaplár-Degovics
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Mass Violence ◽  
Balkan Wars ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Building Process ◽  
History Of

Abstract The best guarantee of protecting the rights of Christian minorities on the European territory of the Ottoman Empire in the late 19th century was nothing else but the establishing of own nation-states, where the Christian population could lead his life without being ruled or controlled by the Ottoman Empire. This process found support and was assisted by the Great Powers. It means, that one form of the humanitarian intervention was the state-building instructed or assisted from abroad. One of the unexpected experiences of the Balkan Wars 1912/1913 was that the members of the Balkan League committed genocides and other kinds of mass violence against other Nationalities and the Muslim population of the peninsula. Among other things the Albanian state-building project of the Great Powers aimed to prevent further genocide and other acts of violence against the Albanian population and other refugees from Macedonia and to put an end to the anarchy of the country. The main international organisation to directly represent the great powers in the new Albania and to be responsible for the state-building process was the International Commission of Control.

After Church History? Writing the History of Christianity from a Global Perspective

Horizons ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul V. Kollman
Keyword(s):  
Church History ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Demographic Changes ◽  
Global History ◽  
History Writing ◽  
History Of Christianity ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church

ABSTRACTRecent efforts to write the global history of Christianity respond to demographic changes in Christianity and use “global” in three ways. First, “global” suggests efforts at more comprehensive historical retrieval, especially to place the beginnings of Christian communities not within mission history but within the church history in those areas. Second, “global” can refer to the broader comparative perspectives on Christianity's history, especially the history of religions. Finally, “global” can indicate attempts to retell the entire Christian story from a self-consciously worldwide perspective. Recent works also raise new theological and pragmatic challenges to the discipline of church history.

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