scholarly journals Mikrotoponimy jako sposób kreowania ludowych miejsc kulturowych – podejście antropologii lingwistycznej

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 25-42
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Dudziak ◽  
Marina Paiunena
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Linguistic Anthropology ◽  
Folk Tales ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Linguistic Activity ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Empirical Material

Microtoponyms as a way of creating folk cultural places – the approach of linguistic anthropologyThe paper deals with selected issues of linguistic anthropology with the purpose to examine a few theoretical assumptions of its methodology, taking into account Keith H. Basso’s study on the creation of cultural places as a result of linguistic activity. The research is based on the empirical material obtained from Polish native speakers, namely, folk tales of the residents of the Augustów County. Mikrotoponimy jako sposób kreowania ludowych miejsc kulturowych – podejście antropologii lingwistycznejTematyka artykułu dotyczy wybranych zagadnień antropologii lingwistycznej. Celem opracowania jest rekonesans głównych założeń metodologicznych antropologii języka z uwzględnieniem badań Keitha H. Basso z zakresu „tworzenia miejsc kulturowych” w rezultacie działalności językowej. Jako materiał empiryczny wykorzystano wypowiedzi polskich natywnych użytkowników języka – opowieści etniczne mieszkańców powiatu augustowskiego.

scholarly journals The image of mother in multi-structural languages (based on the material of the Russian and Tuvan languages)

Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 189-197
Author(s):  
Alena Vasil'evna Zharnikova ◽  
Chechek Sergeevna Tsybenova
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Word ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Language Norms ◽  
Empirical Material

This article analyzes the image of mother in the Russian and Tuvan languages based on the results of associative experiment. The key goal of this cross-cultural research is consists in comparison and determination of the constant meanings underlying this image and its ethnocultural peculiarities in the linguistic consciousness of native speakers of multi-structural languages. The object of this research is the verbal associations for the stimulus word “mother” in the linguistic consciousness of the Russian and Tuvan people. The empirical material is acquired in the course of experimental methods and viewed from the perspective of the fragments of linguistic consciousness, which reflect the image of the world of a particular culture. The practical value of the work is defined by the relevant contrastive study of the lexicon from the category of universal images, as well as by possibility of application of the obtained results in translation studies, cross-cultural communication, linguoculturology, and lexicography. The scientific novelty lies in carrying out a psycholinguistic interpretation of the associative fields "mother" and “ie”, examination of their field stratification, comparison of fragments of the core of linguistic consciousness of the Russian and Tuvan people. The selected image id describe through the prism of its archetypal nature. The conducted analysis reveals that the perception of a particular stimulus word in linguistic consciousness of a person is impacted not only by ethnic and sociocultural factors, but by the corresponding language norms as well.

scholarly journals Psychological Determinants of Meta-Linguistic Skills by Pre-School Children

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Jachimowska ◽  
Paulina Pawłowska
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Psychological Determinants ◽  
Linguistic Awareness ◽  
Unique Nature ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Linguistic Skills ◽  
Empirical Material ◽  
Semantic Skills

The paper concerns psycholinguistic phenomena connected with meta-language, meta-linguistic awareness and children’s semantic skills. The main aim of empirical activities was to analyze psychological and linguistic conditionings of acquiring the meanings of words by 4- and 6-year-old children. It was examined how children understand the meaning of words from two categories: home and family. The analyses and conclusions on the creation of meaning presented in the paper are focused around the symbiosis of two planes: cognitive and linguistic. An analysis of the collected empirical material shows that their compilation reveals the unique nature of children’s meta-language reflection, the character of concepts and notion profiles which are closely determined by mental processes.

Postcolonial Semiotics

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Online Publication ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Linguistic Anthropology ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
The Creation

This article provides an overview of recent scholarship on postcolonial semiotics: processes through which linguistic and other signs are linked to the colonial and its ongoing relevance in the construction of value. After tracing the question of colonialism across scholarly lineages in linguistic anthropology, this article focuses on elite formations as a key realm within postcolonial semiotics and on “fake,” “mix,” and “excess” as central qualities that constitute chronotopically anchored dimensions of ambivalent, aspirational postcolonial eliteness. Linguistic anthropological work on postcolonial elite formations illuminates how economic interests are advanced through the creation of ambiguous value around emblems presupposed as colonial and attached to differentiated elite types in fractally recursive forms. Scholarship on postcolonial semiotics reveals how colonial hierarchies persist through the continuous production of divisible interior alterities that create nested categories of the formerly colonized, inventing elite types that are both denigrated and admired for their supposed approximation to imperial modes of being and speaking. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Anthropology, Volume 50 is October 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

EXPERIENCE OF GROWING UP IN INSTITUTIONAL FOSTER CARE – RESEARCH REPORT

2021 ◽  
Vol 572-573 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Agata Butarewicz-Głowacka ◽  
Anna Chomiuk ◽  
Magdalena Jabłońska
Keyword(s):  
Foster Care ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Institutional Form ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Education Centre ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Empirical Material

The article is devoted to the functioning of adolescent pupils of the “House of Return” in Białystok. Its aim is to show the experience of growing up in an orphanage from the pupils’ perspective. The first part of the text presents theoretical assumptions regarding the experience of growing up, organization of foster care in Poland, growing up in its institutional form and the process of deinstitutionalization. The second part of the article presents methodological assumptions of the research and the results regarding growing up in institutional foster care. Qualitative research using the method of individual cases was carried out in May 2021 with the charges of the “House of Return” in Białystok. The concept of qualitative data analysis by Matthew B. Miles and A. Michael Huberman was used to analyze the empirical material. In the light of the research, the charges function properly in the care and education centre for children and young people, the experience of growing up in an orphanage is not a trauma for them, but they have difficulties with establishing close relationships, they lack a significant adult, and are also not very self-reliant.

Automatic Extraction of Valency Information

1995 ◽  
Vol 107-108 ◽  
pp. 89-111
Author(s):  
Jan Daugaard ◽  
Sabine Kirchmeier-Andersen ◽  
Lene Schøsler
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Corpus Analysis ◽  
Automatic Extraction ◽  
The Past ◽  
Natural Language Parsing ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
The Creation

Abstract The above research team has for the past 4 years been working on a database of valency schemes for 4,000 Danish verbs. First we present the underlying theoretical assumptions for the creation of valency schemes. Then the tools to perform automatic extraction of valency information from corpora are described. Finally, the results are presented. Keywords: natural language parsing, Danish, lexical valency, the Pronominal Approach, corpus analysis.

scholarly journals Metafory konceptualne: fenomeny umysłu czy konstrukty kognitywistyczne? Cz. I

LingVaria ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksander Kiklewicz
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
General Assumption ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Psychological Reality ◽  
Initial Hypothesis ◽  
Linguistic Activity ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Empirical Material

Conceptual Metaphors: Phenomena of the Mind or Cognitive Constructs? Part I The author considers the psychological reality of models in contemporary cognitive linguistics. The initial hypothesis is that the programmatic assumption of cognitive linguistics, i.e. the fact that linguistic activity is programmed in the mind by ambivalent, monomodular conceptual categories or gestalts, is not realized in research practice: in reality we are dealing with different versions of constructivism, i.e. speculative generation of theoretical models that cannot be used to explain linguistic facts. This general assumption is verified with reference to the theory of conceptual metaphors by G. Lakoff and M. Johnson (1980). The author presents six arguments that metaphoric models economy is a substance or emotion is a hot fluid in a container do not reflect the real linguistic or mental activities of the subjects. The author refers to numerous scientific sources as well as empirical material of Slavonic languages.

scholarly journals Audio recording of the epic and its translation: textological notes

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
L. N. Arbachakova ◽  
E. N. Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Main Principle ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Audio Recording ◽  
Research Material ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Creation

The article presents a textological analysis of the epic “Meret-oolak” performed by D. K. Turushpanov. The decod- ing of “Meret-oolak” audio recording was made by different native speakers − I. Y. Arbachakov and L. N. Arbacha- kova. When working with the archival audio recording of the epic under study as the primary source, the authors followed the main principle of practical textology − the authenticity of the research material. In this study, a com- parison was made of the tirade from “Meret-oolak” (published and translated into Russian in 119 lines) with “Meret sar attyg Meret Oolaқ” (154 lines, respectively), decoded by the authors. The textological analysis revealed that in the version of I. Arbachakov, there are omissions of words, phrases, lines, some epic formulas, and the common place “The Creation of the Earth.” In addition to omissions, typos in the text and inaccuracies in translation into Russian were found. Also, the Russisms with affixes of Shor cases, the phrases adapted in Shor, as well as pure Russisms and Russian vernaculars, were identified. Siberian folklorists engaged in audio decoding of heroic epics noticed the slips of language, repetitions, variorum, and mistakes that are natural in the live performance of the epic. Using the available audio recording of the analyzed text, we were able to repeated- ly listen to it and compare it with the published text. As a result, the authors have identified some words in typical places and restored the epic formulas and one “common place”.

scholarly journals Transhumanistic Aspects of the Artificial Life Mythologeme in the Folktales of Premodern

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Gots
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Artificial Life ◽  
Binary Opposition ◽  
Natural Materials ◽  
Folk Tales ◽  
Genetic Method ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Creation

The purpose of the article is to study mythological transhumanism in the context of the problem of artificial life in the folktales of premodern. The research methodology in the field of cultural studies is based on the comparative mythology, genetic method, as well as structural, semiotic, hermeneutic, and axiological analysis. The criterion for selecting plots for analysis in this article is the category of artificial life created with the help of technology (everyday household practices, craft, magic, etc.), as opposed to birth or revival solely by the order of the demiurge. This paper argues that transhumanistic intentions of humanity are already represented in mythological and traditional thinking. The study showed a frequent use of the motive of the creation of artificial life by a person in folktales. This suggests that transhumanistic thinking may be universal in culture. The peculiarities of the representation of the problems of artificial life in the traditional consciousness are revealed. It was found that folktales about the creation of artificial life from natural materials are related with animism, totemism, and magical ideas. It was found that the mythological creation of artificial life by a demiurge has an invariant in the folk tales. It is the implementation of the transhumanistic act of human creation of artificial life with the help of technologies (everyday household practices, craft, magic). The image of an ordinary head of the household, artisan, master reflects the archetype of the demiurge-creator, the Magician, while the image of an artificial creation reflects the archetype of the Doll who Came to Life. The “man–god” and “alive–dead” binary opposition is blurred in traditional thinking. Quasi-parents treat their artificial creations resemble ordinary children. At the same time, the status of a quasi-child is interpreted ambiguously: as a blessing for quasi-parents, as a curse, or in a neutral way. We found out the reasons why folktales about the creation of artificial life often have a negative ending.

scholarly journals A beautiful flourish. The foundation story of Wroclaw (and Wroclaw residents)

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-62
Author(s):  
Kamilla Biskupska
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Northern Territories ◽  
The City ◽  
Empirical Material

In the article, I present the content and the context of the foundation story of Wroclaw – created after 1945 in one of the largest and most destroyed cities which joined Poland after World War II (Polish Western and Northern Territories). The analyzed empirical material consists of personal documents – statements of Wroclaw residents written and submitted in 1966 for the competition entitled: “What does the city of Wrocław mean to you”. The most important element of this story about the creation of the city is the figure of a pioneer, shaped in the image of a mythical hero. The features of pioneers (such as courage, uncompromising love for the city and openness to others) have become an important narrative co-creating the discourse about the city in the narratives of subsequent generations of Wroclaw residents.

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