Building Footprint Assessment Based on Onboard Global Positioning System and Ground Control Points

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 3849-3853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nazrin Bin Asahari ◽  
Khairul Nizam Tahar
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Building Footprint

scholarly journals HEIGHT ACCURACY BASED ON DIFFERENT RTK GPS METHOD FOR ULTRALIGHT AIRCRAFT IMAGES

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-3/W3 ◽  
pp. 287-292
Author(s):  
K. N. Tahar
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Local Network ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Time Correction ◽  
Rtk Gps ◽  
Gps Station

Height accuracy is one of the important elements in surveying work especially for control point’s establishment which requires an accurate measurement. There are many methods can be used to acquire height value such as tacheometry, leveling and Global Positioning System (GPS). This study has investigated the effect on height accuracy based on different observations which are single based and network based GPS methods. The GPS network is acquired from the local network namely Iskandar network. This network has been setup to provide real-time correction data to rover GPS station while the single network is based on the known GPS station. Nine ground control points were established evenly at the study area. Each ground control points were observed about two and ten minutes. It was found that, the height accuracy give the different result for each observation.

scholarly journals UAV ONBOARD GPS IN POSITIONING DETERMINATION

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B1 ◽  
pp. 1037-1042
Author(s):  
K. N. Tahar ◽  
S. S. Kamarudin
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Point Positioning

The establishment of ground control points is a critical issue in mapping field, especially for large scale mapping. The fast and rapid technique for ground control point’s establishment is very important for small budget projects. UAV onboard GPS has the ability to determine the point positioning. The objective of this research is to assess the accuracy of unmanned aerial vehicle onboard global positioning system in positioning determination. Therefore, this research used UAV onboard GPS as an alternative to determine the point positioning at the selected area. UAV is one of the powerful tools for data acquisition and it is used in many applications all over the world. This research concentrates on the error contributed from the UAV onboard GPS during observation. There are several points that have been used to study the pattern of positioning error. All errors were analyzed in world geodetic system 84- coordinate system, which is the basic coordinate system used by the global positioning system. Based on this research, the result of UAV onboard GPS positioning could be used in ground control point establishment with the specific error. In conclusion, accurate GCP establishment could be achieved using UAV onboard GPS by applying a specific correction based on this research.

scholarly journals UAV ONBOARD GPS IN POSITIONING DETERMINATION

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B1 ◽  
pp. 1037-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. N. Tahar ◽  
S. S. Kamarudin
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Point Positioning

The establishment of ground control points is a critical issue in mapping field, especially for large scale mapping. The fast and rapid technique for ground control point’s establishment is very important for small budget projects. UAV onboard GPS has the ability to determine the point positioning. The objective of this research is to assess the accuracy of unmanned aerial vehicle onboard global positioning system in positioning determination. Therefore, this research used UAV onboard GPS as an alternative to determine the point positioning at the selected area. UAV is one of the powerful tools for data acquisition and it is used in many applications all over the world. This research concentrates on the error contributed from the UAV onboard GPS during observation. There are several points that have been used to study the pattern of positioning error. All errors were analyzed in world geodetic system 84- coordinate system, which is the basic coordinate system used by the global positioning system. Based on this research, the result of UAV onboard GPS positioning could be used in ground control point establishment with the specific error. In conclusion, accurate GCP establishment could be achieved using UAV onboard GPS by applying a specific correction based on this research.

scholarly journals PERANCANGAN ALAT PENGGERAK ANTENA MENGGUNAKAN METODE KONTROL PROPORTIONAL, INTEGRAL, DERIVATIVE (PID) UNTUK MELACAK OBJEK BERGERAK

Transmisi ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Bagus Bernadi Saputra ◽  
Wahyudi Wahyudi ◽  
Sudjadi Sudjadi
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Mean Absolute Error ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Proportional Integral Derivative ◽  
Proportional Integral ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

Base station atau Ground Control Station (GCS) umumnya menggunakan antena directional untuk dapat berkomunikasi dengan objek bergerak seperti roket dan Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Antena directional memiliki jarak jangkau yang jauh, namun memiliki sudut pancar yang sempit. Untuk mengatasi kekurangan dari antena directional, diperlukan alat yang dapat menggerakkan antena ke arah objek bergerak secara nyata pada kisaran sudut azimut dan elevasi. Pada penelitian ini, dirancang alat penggerak antena menggunakan metode kontrol Proportional, Integral, dan Derivative (PID) untuk melacak objek bergerak berbasis Global Positioning System (GPS) dan sensor barometer. Dari hasil perancangan dengan menggunakan nilai parameter PID yang digunakan pada sudut elevasi (Kp=0,03, Ti=150, dan Td=0,22) menghasilkan plant yang mampu mencapai setpoint (74o) dalam waktu 2 detik. Parameter PID yang digunakan pada sudut azimut (Kp=3,5, Ti=100, dan Td=0,09) menghasilkan plant yang mampu mencapai setpoint (180o) dalam waktu 1,1 detik. Dari hasil pengujian, diketahui antena dapat mengikuti objek bergerak (drone) dengan waktu terlama 1 detik pada plant azimut dan 1,5 detik pada plant elevasi. Plant elevasi memiliki Mean Absolute Error (MAE) = 6,54o dan plant azimut memiliki MAE = 8,04o.

scholarly journals Improving Linear Projects Georeferencing to Create Digital Models Using UAV Imagery

2021 ◽  
Vol 310 ◽  
pp. 04001
Author(s):  
Amr M. Elsheshtawy ◽  
Larisa A. Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Modified Technique ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical Systems ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Geometric Precision ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Mems Technology ◽  
Relation Model

Global Positioning System (GPS) on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) platform relies on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology with a precision of 10 m at shooting time at UAV camera stations positions. Nonetheless, obstacles to the GPS signal at the finest flight altitude can prevent accurate camera stations positions retrieval. In this research, three different georeferencing techniques were compared with geometric precision. The first is Direct Georeferencing (DG), which mainly depends on using Navigation GPS onboard without using any Ground Control Points (GCPs). The second is Indirect Georeferencing (IG), which mainly depends on three GCPs used to assist Aero-Triangulation (AT). The third is Modified technique depends on the same three GCPs used in the second method and enhanced location of camera stations usage of the Linear Relation Model (LR Model). The study area was in the south of the Moscow Region, Russia. Threeimaging strips have been taken using the DJI PHANTOM 4 PRO UAV. The accuracy assessment was carried out using image-derived coordinates and checkpoints (CPs) residuals. This study emphasizes that the Modified methodology using enhanced camera stations positions gave better accuracy than using the drone GPS camera stations positions.

scholarly journals PEMETAAN 3 DIMENSI UNTUK MENENTUKAN JALUR EVAKUASI ALTERNATIF PADA SMART ROBOT RESCUE

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Rodik Wahyu Indrawan ◽  
Indra Adji Sulistijono ◽  
Achmad Basuki
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Fusion Data ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Ground Control Station ◽  
Flood Fill

Penanganan evakuasi pasca bencana sangat membahayakan bagi korban maupun tim penyelamat yang akan melakukan evakuasi, khususnya area di dalam ruangan, ini disebabkan karena area yang belum terpetakan. Pada penelitian ini kami mengaplikasikan robot rescue untuk melakukan surve pada daerah pasca bencana, khususnya area di dalam ruangan (indoor area), Robot didesain dengan mekanik yang memungkinkan untuk melewati medan pasca bencana, sensor posisi yang diproses menggunakan metode odometry untuk melakukan rekam data pergerakan yaitu posisi dan orientasi dari robot, sensor observasi yang di proses dengan Kalman filter untuk melakukan deteksi lingkungan area robot pada saat melakukan navigasi, data sensor dan aktuator pada robot akan diproses lebih lanjut oleh GCS (Ground Control Station) untuk menghasilkan informasi berupa peta atau denah area (indoor) dan jalur evakusi alternatif dengan metode Flood Fill. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, sistem navigasi menggunakan odometry pada area pasca bencana menghasilkan rekam posisi dan diperlukan perbaikan data posisi dan orientasi dengan menambahkan sensor absolute (menggunkan lokal GPS Global Positioning System atau IMU Intertial Measurement Unit). Fusion data motion model dan observation model menghasilkan pemetaan 3 dimensi dari area navigasi robot dan informasi jalur terpendek antara posisi victim dengan pintu emergencyyang terdekat, sehingga data peta dan jalur memungkinkan tim SAR (Search And Rescue) untuk lebih efektif dalam melakukan evakuasi terhadap korban pasca bencana pada area di dalam ruangan.

Detecting Geo-Positional Bias in Imagery Collected Using Small UASs

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. 631-638
Author(s):  
Jonathan B. Thayn ◽  
Aaron M. Paque ◽  
Megan C. Maher
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Systems ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Positional Accuracy ◽  
Directional Bias ◽  
Unequal Variances ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Positional Bias ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Aerial Systems

Statistical methods for detecting bias in global positioning system (<small>GPS</small>) error are presented and applied to imagery collected using three common unmanned aerial systems (<small>UASs</small>). Imagery processed without ground control points (<small>GCPs</small>) had horizontal errors of 1.0–2.5 m; however, the errors had unequal variances, significant directional bias, and did not conform to the expected statistical distribution and so should be considered unreliable. When <small>GCPs</small>were used, horizontal errors decreased to less than 5 cm, and the errors had equal variances, directional uniformity, and they conformed to the expected distribution. The analysis identified a longitudinal bias in some of the reference data, which were subsequently excluded from the analysis. Had these data been retained, the estimates of positional accuracy would have been unreliable and inaccurate. These results strongly suggest that examining <small>GPS</small> data for bias should be a much more common practice.

scholarly journals Accuracy Assessment for points coordinates surveyed using low-cost Unmanned Aerial Vehicle and Global Positioning System with 3Dsurvey and 3DF Zephyr software

2022 ◽  
Vol 961 (1) ◽  
pp. 012046
Author(s):  
A H Hilal ◽  
O Z Jasim ◽  
H S Ismael
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Bundle Adjustment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Adjustment Procedure ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Global Positioning

Abstract Ground Control Points GCPs are the only way to obtain accurate positions in aerial surveys. At least three points should be utilized, and the model will get increasingly accurate in X, Y, and Z coordinates as the number rises. The accuracy of the 3D model created from aerial photography is also affected by the arrangement of GCPs. The goal of this research is to determine the optimal number and arrangement of GCPs in order to obtain the lowest possible error in point positioning. A conventional UAV called DJI Mavic 2 pro was used to photograph one and a half square kilometer site at an elevation equal to hundred meters from earth’s surface with nadir camera configuration. GSD (ground sampling distance) of 2.3 centimeters was used to collect 1515 pictures. 62 GCPs were observed in PPK (Post Processing kinematic) method using a DGPS (differential global positioning system) receiver GS 15 from Leica. The study area was split into two areas, one with a straight arrangement of GCPs and the other with a diagonal arrangement of GCPs. The pictures were processed using 3Dsurvey and 3DF Zephyr software utilizing a full bundle adjustment procedure with increasing GCPs number beginning with three GCPs and ending with twenty-six GCPs for both arrangement layout, with the other points serving as check points for the model’s accuracy at each attempt. The check point coordinates obtained were compared to the DGPS coordinates. The result indicates the optimal GCP number needed for the most accurate position and spread layout. That the minimum gap between adjacent GCPs ought to be not over than 100 meters and spread homogenously.

Aplikasi Pemosisi Lokal Berbasis Android Dengan Menggunakan GPS

INTI TALAFA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaman Khaeruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Database Server ◽  
Global Positioning

Seiring dengan pesatnya kemajuan teknologi saat ini, kebutuhan manusia menjadi lebih beragam, termasuk kebutuhan akan informasi. Tidak hanya media informasinya yang semakin beragam, jenis informasi yang dibutuhkan juga semakin beragam, salah satunya adalah kebutuhan informasi akan posisi kita terhadap lingkungan sekitar. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan itu sebuah sistem pemosisi diciptakan. Sistem pemosisi yang banyak digunakan saat ini cenderung berfokus pada lingkup ruang yang besar (global) padahal, dalam lingkup ruang yang lebih kecil (lokal) sebuah sistem pemosisi juga diperlukan, seperti di ruang-ruang terbuka umum (taman atau kebun), ataupun dalam sebuah bangunan. Sistem pemosisi lokal yang ada saat ini sering kali membutuhkan infrastruktur yang mahal dalam pembangunannya. Aplikasi Pemosisi Lokal Berbasis Android dengan Menggunakan GPS ini adalah sebuah aplikasi yang dibangun untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pengguna akan informasi lokasi dan posisi mereka terhadap lingkungan di sekitarnya dalam lingkup ruang yang lebih kecil (lokal) dengan memanfaatkan perangkat GPS (Global Positioning System) yang telah tertanam dalam perangkat smartphone Android agar infrastruktur yang dibutuhkan lebih efisien. Dalam implementasinya, Aplikasi Pemosisi Lokal ini bertindak sebagai klien dengan dukungan sebuah Database Server yang berfungsi sebagai media penyimpanan data serta sumber referensi informasi yang dapat diakses melalui jaringan internet sehingga tercipta sebuah sistem yang terintegrasi secara global. Kata kunci: aplikasi, informasi, pemosisi, GPS.

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