Substantiation of the Parameters of Universal Scatterer for Bulk Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2975-2982
Author(s):  
Sayakhat Nukeshev ◽  
Dzhadyger Eskhozhin ◽  
Indira Mamyrbayeva ◽  
Dimitr Karaivanov ◽  
Almagul Gubasheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Central Axis ◽  
Movement Direction ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
Base Diameter ◽  
Direction Transverse ◽  
Elliptical Section ◽  
Translational Speed

In the paper it is noted that the even distribution of seed and granules of mineral fertilizers inside the soil allows increasing their efficiency and obtaining a potential crop yield. For an even distribution of seeds of grain crops, herbs and fertilizer granules inside the soil, the use of a universal conical scatterer is proposed. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the parameters of a universal conical scatterer, which ensures an even distribution of metered bulk and hard-flowing materials, in particular, seed and granules of mineral fertilizers inside the soil. The results of studies of the conical scatterer of an opener allow to establish that to obtain an even distribution of materials in the direction transverse to the translational speed it is necessary to cut an elliptical section of the scatterer. The cutting plane should be perpendicularto the translational speed (movement direction) at an angle between it and the central axis of the cone, lower than Π 2. The optimal parameters of the conical scatterer are calculated on the basis of the evenness of the particle descending along the conegeneratrix. The revealed dependence of the particle falling time on the initial dimensions of the scatterer made it possible to establish its optimal parameters: the height of the cut-section 6-14 mm; the cone base diameter 100-140 mm. The universal conical scatterer can be used in any industry that requires even scattering of metered bulk and hard-flowing materials.

Substantiation the machine with a basket for the application of mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials with the upper arrangement of the feeding device

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Fesenko, H.
Keyword(s):  
Fat Body ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Analytical Mechanics ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stable Flow

Purpose. Increasing the uniformity of distribution of mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials due to the stability of their feed from the body to the spreading working bodies using the top feeder. Methods. The following methods are used to achieve this aim: the method of comparing the differences between individual groups of fertilizers, the method of analyzing the properties of a new technical system, the method of functional inventiveness, and the methods of theoretical and analytical mechanics. Results. The traction body of the conveyor of the upper feed of the body fat body machine for mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials was substantiated and the relationship between the height of its scrapers and the distance between them was established, as well as the nature of the mineral fertilizer pressure on the curvilinear wall of the body. In addition, the design of the advanced body fertilizer spreader is justified, which ensures a stable flow of fertilizers from the body due to the improvement of the top feeder. Conclusions. Because of the conducted researches, the advantages of machines equipped with top feeder are found. They create the conditions for the forced feeding mineral fertilizers and other loose materials from the container to the distribution bodies, which is a prerequisite for their evenness on the surface. With this, the imperfection of known machines with the top feeder constrains their introduction into agricultural production. On this account, a more thoroughly constructed solution of the body feeder of the top feed is substantiated, in which the conveyor provides a stable supply of fertilizers from the body with reduced energy consumption during operation. Keywords: analysis, feed, upper device, conveyor, stability, fertilizers, flow ability, body.

scholarly journals Recycling Biogas Digestate from Energy Crops: Effects on Soil Properties and Crop Productivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 750
Author(s):  
Roberta Pastorelli ◽  
Giuseppe Valboa ◽  
Alessandra Lagomarsino ◽  
Arturo Fabiani ◽  
Stefania Simoncini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Energy Crop ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C

Digestate from biogas production can be recycled to the soil as conditioner/fertilizer improving the environmental sustainability of the energy supply chain. In a three-year maize-triticale rotation, we investigated the short-term effects of digestate on soil physical, chemical, and microbiological properties and evaluated its effectiveness in complementing the mineral fertilizers. Digestate soil treatments consisted of combined applications of the whole digestate and its mechanically separated solid fraction. Digestate increased soil total organic C, total N and K contents. Soil bulk density was not affected by treatments, while aggregate stability showed a transient improvement due to digestate treatments. A decrement of the transmission pores proportion and an increment of fissures was observed in digestate treated soils. Soil microbial community was only transiently affected by digestate treatments and no soil contamination from Clostridiaceae-related bacteria were observed. Digestate can significantly impair seed germination when applied at low dilution ratios. Crop yield under digestate treatment was similar to ordinary mineral-based fertilization. Overall, our experiment proved that the agronomic recycling of digestate from biogas production maintained a fair crop yield and soil quality. Digestate was confirmed as a valid resource for sustainable management of soil fertility under energy-crop farming, by combining a good attitude as a fertilizer with the ability to compensate for soil organic C loss.

scholarly journals Effect of the Sowing Method and Mineral Fertilizers on the Indicators of the Crop Yield Structure of Seed Alfalfa in the Ganja-Gazakh Zone of Azerbaijan

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
P. Nabiyeva
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Alfalfa Seeds

The article presents the results of research on the influence of the method of sowing and mineral fertilizers on the indicators of the structure of the yield of seed alfalfa in the Ganja-Gazakh zone of Azerbaijan. It has been established that the method of sowing and mineral fertilization has a positive effect on the indicators of the structure of the yield of seed alfalfa. For each method of sowing and mineral fertilization, alfalfa seeds had a positive effect on the indicators of the yield structure. To obtain irrigated gray-brown soils of high and stable yields of alfalfa seeds, it is necessary to form the density of the herbage of seed crops of 33.8–53.0 productive stems per 1 m of sowing methods 45 cm and the dose of mineral fertilizers N60P90K60 kg/ha active substance in the conditions of the Ganja-Gazakh zone Azerbaijan.

Mineral fertilizers with recycled manure boost crop yield and P balance in a long-term field trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanchuan Ning ◽  
Qiang Ma ◽  
Haiyan Yuan ◽  
Changrui Zhou ◽  
Zhuqing Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
P Balance ◽  
Term Field

scholarly journals ФОРМУВАННЯ ПОКАЗНИКІВ БІОПРОДУКТИВНОСТІ МОРКВИ СТОЛОВОЇ ПІД ВПЛИВОМ ОРГАНІЧНОГО ФЕРМЕНТОВАНОГО ДОБРИВА ТА МІКРОБІОЛОГІЧНОГО ПРЕПАРАТУ

2014 ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
О. В. Повх
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrate Level ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Capacity Level ◽  
Yield Capacity ◽  
Maximum Allowable Concentrations

Досліджено вплив ферментованого органічногодобрива та мікробіологічного препарату «Азотер»на рівень урожайності моркви столової та якістьотриманої продукції. Встановлено достовірне підви-щення урожаю коренеплодів (на 26,0–38,4 %) під часвнесення органічного ферментованого добрива(11 т/га), інтегрованого його застосування (5,5 т/га)з мікробіологічним препаратом, а також за обробкиґрунту препаратом на фоні азотних добрив (N30).У разі використання досліджуваних систем удобрен-ня відмічено покращання якісних показників корене-плодів культури – спостерігається зростання вмістукаротину, а рівень нітратів не перевищує граничнодопустимих концентрацій. The effect of the fermented organic fertilizer and the microbiological preparation on the yield capacity level of carrot and the quality of the obtained product was investigated. It was found that significant crop yield increases (on 26,0–38,4 %) when the fermented fertilizer is applied (11 t/ha) or in cases of its integrated usage (5,5 t/ha) together with the microbiological preparation, as well as soil treatment using the preparation with previously applied mineral fertilizers (N30). When the fertilization systems under consideration are used, quality indicators of the root crop are significantly improved – there is an increase of carotene content and nitrate level does not exceed the maximum allowable concentrations.

scholarly journals Organic versus inorganic fertilizers: Response of soil properties and crop yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-439
Author(s):  
Teresa Hernandez ◽  
◽  
José Guillermo Berlanga ◽  
Isabel Tormos ◽  
Carlos Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Organic C

<abstract> <p>The decrease in soil productivity and quality caused by the continuous and abusive use of mineral fertilizers makes necessary to adopt more sustainable agricultural soil management strategies that help to maintain soil edaphic fertility. In light of these considerations, we have evaluated the effect of organic vs. inorganic fertilization on soil microbial communities, soil quality, and crop yield in a melon crop. The following treatments were tested: i) aerobic sewage sludge from a conventional wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) using aerobic bacteria (SS); ii) aerobic sewage sludge from a WWTP using a bacteria-microalgae consortium (B); iii) N-P-K mineral fertilizer (M); iv) a treatment in which 50% of the N was contributed by SS and 50% by mineral fertilizer (M + SS); v) a treatment in which 50% of the N was contributed by B and 50% by mineral fertilizer (M + B); and vi) a no-fertilized control soil. Melon yield and fruit quality were determined in addition to several soil physical, chemical, biochemical and microbiological parameters. Organic fertilizers (SS and B) increased the percentage of soil water-stable aggregates (52 and 60% respectively) as well as the content of organic C (18 and 31%), water soluble C (21 and 41%), N (15 and 41%) and available P content (41 and 82%) compared to inorganic fertilization. They also stimulated bacterial and fungal abundance to a greater extent than mineral fertilizers (189 and 242% vs 85%, and 57 and 122% vs 29%, respectively), as well as soil respiration, and dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase, phosphatase, urease, and glycine aminopectidase activities. The analysis of principal components with parameters linked to soil quality clearly showed that organic fertilizers cause a greater improvement in soil characteristics and microbial community than mineral fertilizers. Results demonstrate that organic and combined fertilization could be used as substitutes for nitrogen mineral fertilizers in melon crop, since these treatments led to similar melon production and quality while improving soil characteristics and microbial population size and activity.</p> </abstract>

Modification of technology and aerodynamics of moving hot bulk materials

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
S. Ya. Davydov ◽  
V. N. Makarov ◽  
N. V. Makarov
Keyword(s):  
Integral Equations ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Sufficient Accuracy ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Pipeline Transport ◽  
Thermal Heating ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
Translational Speed

Variants of pneumatic transport with temperature data of the material are given. Methods for protecting the container from thermal heating are listed. An unloading device for cargo containers for pipeline transport of hot bulk materials has been developed. The proposed system of two integral equations will make it possible to calculate with sufficient accuracy the required compressed air pressure, geometric parameters of aerodynamic ridges for a given length of the unloading section of rotating containers and their translational speed. The presence of aerodynamic ridges will reduce the loss of energy from friction when moving containers in a spiral.

scholarly journals Theoretical Research and Practical Analysis of a Device for Dosing and Mixing Bulk Materials

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Yu.M. Isaev ◽  
◽  
N.M. Semashkin ◽  
V.A. Zlobin ◽  
T.A. Dzhabrailov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
Mathematical Expressions ◽  
Practical Analysis

A device for loading and mixing mineral fertilizers is discussed and described. Theoretical studies to determine the flow rate of bulk materials are described. Mathematical expressions are given that determine the consumption of bulk bacterial fertilizer taking into account the geometric and operating parameters of the metering hopper.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF CONSTRUCTIVE-TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF WORKING BODY FOR SCATTERING BULK MATERIALS

2020 ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
Nataliya Ponomarenko ◽  
Vitalii Yaropud ◽  
Yevhen Lepet
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Design Chain ◽  
Axis Of Rotation

Machines used in world practice for surface application of mineral fertilizers are often equipped with centrifugal devices with vertical or horizontal location of the axis of rotation. Having high productivity and reliability of technological process, they cannot always provide reception of a necessary dose and uniformity of scattering of fertilizers on width. In Ukraine, currently produced machines for the application of mineral fertilizers, which we have not previously produced. Since about 2/3 of all available mineral fertilizers, as well as most of the limestone and gypsum-containing materials are applied in a continuous manner, it is necessary to have a certain fleet of machines for applying fertilizers available to consumers. Fertilizer application in a continuous manner is carried out by land and aviation. One of the main agrotechnical requirements for machines for the application of bulk materials (mineral fertilizers) is their uniform distribution on the field surface. From uneven application of fertilizers, the reduction in grain yield reaches 10 ... 15%. The main disadvantages of the machine for applying mineral fertilizers are: imperfect design of the spreading mechanism, which leads to uneven scattering of fertilizers on the field surface; a large number of gears, which affects the metal content and cost of manufacture and complicates the design. Chain transmissions that drive the spreading device and the conveyor (during operation the chain is stretched, which requires the use of tension rollers, and take-off from the sprockets, especially on the drive of the spreading device); significant uneven application of fertilizers due to imperfect design of the spreading disc. The main reason for the low quality of fertilizer distribution by scattering machines, most researchers see a significant impact on the technological process of external random factors: field relief, wind speed and direction, humidity, elastic, frictional, hygroscopic and particle size distribution of fertilizers. Therefore, the improvement of the technological process of fertilizer scattering, in order to ensure a given uniformity of their distribution on the field surface in the conditions of real functioning, is an urgent scientific and practical task. In order to eliminate these shortcomings, a new spreading working body is proposed.

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