EXPRESS: Feasibility of Using Boltzmann Plots to Evaluate the Stark Broadening Parameters of Cu(I) Lines

2021 ◽  
pp. 000370282110133
Author(s):  
Mohamed Fikry ◽  
Ibraheem A. Alhijry ◽  
A. M. Aboulfotouh ◽  
Ashraf M. EL Sherbini
Keyword(s):  
Electron Density ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Stark Broadening ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Boltzmann Plot ◽  
Copper Target ◽  
Delay Times

A linear Boltzmann plot was constructed using Cu I-lines of well-known atomic parameters. Aligning other spectral lines to the plot was adopted as a viable way to estimate the most probable values of Stark broadening parameters of Cu I-lines at 330.79, 359.91, and 360.2 nm. Plasma was generated by focusing of Nd: YAG laser radiation at wavelength 532 nm on a pure copper target in open air. Plasma emission was recorded at delay times of 3, 4, 5, 7, and 10 μs. The in situ optically thin H<sub>α</sub>-line was used to determine the plasma reference electron density over the entire experiment. Following this method, the missing values of the Stark broadening parameters of the three Cu-I lines turn out to be about 0.15 ± 0.05 Å (for 330.79 nm transition) and 0.17 ± 0.05 Å (for 359.91, and 360.20 nm transition) at reference electron density of (1 ± 0.09)×10<sup>17</sup> cm<sup>-3</sup> and temperature of 10800 ± 630 K. The apparent variation in plasma parameters at different delay times was found to scale with electron density and temperature as <i>~ n<sub>e</sub>.T<sub>e</sub><sup>0.166</sup></i>.

scholarly journals On the stark broadening of Os II spectral lines

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Milan Dimitrijević
Keyword(s):  
Electron Density ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Half Maximum ◽  
Stark Broadening ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
And Shifts

Stark broadening parameters, full widths at half maximum (FWHM) and shifts for 13 Os II lines have been calculated. The plasma parameters are: electron density of 1017 cm-3 and temperatures from 5 000 K to 80 000 K. Calculations have been performed with the simplified modified semiempirical (SMSE) approach. The results are also used for the consideration of Strak width and shift regularities within the Os II 6s6D-6p6Do multiplet.

scholarly journals ON THE STARK BROADENING OF Os II SPECTRAL LINES

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan S. Dimitrijević
Keyword(s):  
Electron Density ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Half Maximum ◽  
Stark Broadening ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
And Shifts

Stark broadening parameters, full widths at half maximum (FWHM) and shifts for 13 Os II lines have been calculated. The plasma parameters are: electron density of 1017 cm-3 and temperatures from 5 000 K to 80 000 K. Calculations have been performed with the simplified modified semiempirical (SMSE) approach. The results are also used for the consideration of Strak width and shift regularities within the Os II 6s6D-6p6Do multiplet.

scholarly journals Spectroscopic analysis of magnesium-aluminum alloys by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (36) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Ali A-K. Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Electron Temperature ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Stark Broadening ◽  
Boltzmann Plot ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Electron Density Increase ◽  
Atomic Lines

In this work, the spectra of plasma glow produced by Nd:YAG laser operated at 1.064 μm on Al-Mg alloys with same molar ratio samples in air were analyzed by comparing the atomic lines of aluminum and magnesium with that of strong standard lines. The effect of laser energies on spectral lines, produced by laser ablation, were investigated using optical spectroscopy, the electron density was measured utilizing the Stark broadening of magnesium-aluminum lines and the electron temperature was calculated from the standard Boltzmann plot method. The results that show the electron temperature increases in magnesium and aluminum targets but decreases in magnesium: aluminum alloy target, also show the electron density increase all the aluminum, magnesium and mix both them, It was found that the lines intensities at different laser peak powers increase when the laser peak power increases then decreases when the power continues to increase.

scholarly journals A Spectroscopic and structural study of FeCoSb alloy

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (41) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Saba J. Kadhem
Keyword(s):  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Peak Position ◽  
Stark Broadening ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Visible Absorption ◽  
Boltzmann Plot ◽  
Iron Cobalt ◽  
X Ray

Fe, Co and Sb nanopowders were fruitfully prepared by electrical wire explosion method in Double distilled and de-ionized water (DDDW) media. The formation of iron, cobalt and antimony (FeCoSb) alloy nanopowder was monitored by X-ray diffraction. The x-ray diffraction pattern indicates that there are iron, cobalt and antimony peaks. Optical properties of this alloy nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Visible absorption spectra. The absorption peak position is shifted to the lower wavelengths when the current increases. That means the mean size of the nanoparticles controlled by changing the magnitude of the current. The surface morphological analysis is carried out by employing Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Particles with varies size were observed also from the images the some particles have uneven shapes with agglomerate and the other have spherical shape. The exploding FeCoSb alloy wire plasma parameters is study by optical emission spectroscopy. The emission spectra of the plasma have been recorded and analyzed. The plasma electron temperature (Te), was determined by Boltzmann plot, and the electron density (ne), by Stark broadening for wire with diameter 0.3 mm and current of 75A in distilled water.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF LONGITUDINAL MAGNETIC FIELD IN THE MPC CHANNEL ON THE DENSITY OF GENERATED PLASMA STREAM

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
A.K. Marchenko ◽  
O.V. Byrka ◽  
V.A. Makhlai ◽  
S.S. Herashenko ◽  
D.G. Solyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Axial Magnetic Field ◽  
Plasma Electron ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Plasma Stream ◽  
Stark Broadening ◽  
Density Distributions ◽  
Average Electron ◽  
Field Influence

The paper is devoted to experimental measurements and analysis of parameters of the plasma streams generated by magnetoplasma compressor (MPC) upgraded with an external axial magnetic field. Influence of the external axial magnetic field of 0.24 T on helium plasma streams (P=2 Torr) has been studied. The measurements of average electron density distributions were performedboth with and without an external axial B-field. Distributions of plasma electron density Ne (L) were measured with spectroscopy in the plasma stream and in the compression zone using Stark broadening of He I and He II spectral lines. Plasma-surface interaction processes were also analyzed.

Effect of Current on Plasma Parameters Resulting from the Wires-Exploding Technique of Copper Material

2020 ◽  
pp. 110-113
Keyword(s):  
Electron Temperature ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Plasma Electron ◽  
Stark Broadening ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Optical Emission Spectrum ◽  
Copper Material

In this research the diagnostic of optical emission spectroscopy from exploding copper wires have done for different current. By using Boltzman plot can be calculated the plasma electron temperature , and by using Stark broadening can be evaluated the electron density for different current of (75, 100 and 150)A with diameter 0.25 mm in deionized water. It was observed that the electron density decrease with an increasing the current from 75 A to 150 A while the electron temperatures increase for the same current. The plasma has a peak 652 nm corresponding to Hα line for .hydrogen .atoms which obtained from .optical emission spectrum (OES), the peaks belong to atomic copper lines. The plasma electron temperature related with emission line intensity and number .density with the formed copper nanoparticles size was studied.

scholarly journals Studies on the ns-IR-Laser-Induced Plasma Parameters in the Vanadium Oxide

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnab Sarkar ◽  
Raju V. Shah ◽  
D. Alamelu ◽  
Suresh K. Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Vanadium Oxide ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Plasma Temperature ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Decay Rates ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Boltzmann Plot ◽  
Saha Equation ◽  
Laser Induced Plasma ◽  
Light Pulses

We report spectroscopic studies of laser-induced plasma (LIP) produced by ns-IR-Nd:YAG laser light pulses of different energies onto four different oxides of vanadium (VO, V2O3, VO2, and V2O5) in air under atmospheric pressure. For each oxide with a different oxidation state of vanadium, both electron density and plasma temperature were calculated for different time delays and laser pulse energies. The plasma temperature was determined from Boltzmann plot method, whereas the electron number density was estimated from the Saha equation. The decay rates for plasma temperature as well as electron density were observed to follow power law and were independent of the nature of vanadium oxide. These investigations provide an insight to optimize various parameters during LIBS analysis of vanadium-based matrices.

scholarly journals Experimental Determination of Electronic Density and Temperature in Water-Confined Plasmas Generated by Laser Shock Processing

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristóbal Colón ◽  
María Isabel de Andrés-García ◽  
Cristina Moreno-Díaz ◽  
Aurelia Alonso-Medina ◽  
Juan Antonio Porro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Determination ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Laser Shock ◽  
Laser Shock Processing ◽  
Boltzmann Plot ◽  
Electronic Density ◽  
Electronic Temperature ◽  
Lower Accuracy ◽  
Shock Processing

In this work, diagnoses of laser-induced plasmas were performed in several Laser Shock Processing (LSP) experiments using the Balmer Hα-line (656.27 nm) and several Mg II spectral lines. A Q-switched laser of Nd:YAG was focused on aluminum samples (Al2024-T351) in LSP experiments. Two methods were used to diagnose the plasma. The first method, which required two different experiments, was the standard for establishing the electronic temperature through the use of a Boltzmann Plot with spectral lines of Mg II and self-absorption correction. The Stark width of the Balmer Hα-line was used to determine the electron density in each of the cases studied. The second method had lower accuracy, but only required an experimental determination. Two parameters, the electronic temperature and the electron density, were obtained with the aid of the Hα-line in a single data acquisition process. The order of magnitude of the temperature obtained from this last method was sufficiently close to the value obtained by the standard method (within a factor lower than 2.0), which is considered to be important in order to allow for its possible use in industrial conditions.

scholarly journals The effect of nature and pressure of ambient environment on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and ablation mechanisms of Si

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Zehra ◽  
S. Bashir ◽  
S.A. Hassan ◽  
Q.S. Ahmed ◽  
M. Akram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inert Gases ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Stark Broadening ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Boltzmann Plot ◽  
Ambient Environment ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Spectrometer System

AbstractThe effect of nature and pressure of ambient environment on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and ablation mechanisms of silicon (Si) have been investigated. A Q-switched Nd-YAG laser with the wavelength of 1064 nm, pulse duration of 10 ns, and pulsed energy of 50 mJ was employed. Si targets were exposed under ambient environments of inert gases of argon, neon, and helium for different pressures ranging from 5 to 760 torr. The influence of nature and pressure of ambient gases on the emission intensity of Si plasma have been explored by using the LIBS spectrometer system. The plasma parameters such as electron temperature and number density were determined by applying Boltzmann plot and Stark broadening method, respectively. Our experimental results suggest that the nature and pressure of ambient environment play a significant role for generation, recombination, and expansion of plasma and consequently affect the excitation temperature as well as electron density of plasma. The surface morphological analysis of laser-irradiated Si was performed by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Various kinds of structures, for example laser-induced periodic surface structures or ripples, cones, droplets, and craters have been generated and their density and size are found to be strongly dependent upon the ambient environment. A quantitative analysis of particulate size and crater depth measured from SEM images showed a strong correlation between plasma parameters and the growth of micro/nanostructures on the modified Si surface.

scholarly journals Optical emission spectroscopy for studying the exploding copper wire plasma parameters in distilled water

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (35) ◽  
pp. 142-147
Author(s):  
Hammad R. Humud
Keyword(s):  
Electron Density ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Plasma Electron ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Stark Broadening ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Nanoparticles Concentration

This work aims to study the exploding copper wire plasma parameters by optical emission spectroscopy. The emission spectra of the copper plasma have been recorded and analyzed The plasma electron temperature (Te), was calculated by Boltzmann plot, and the electron density (ne) calculated by using Stark broadening method for different copper wire diameter (0.18, 0.24 and 0.3 mm) and currentof 75A in distilled water. The hydrogen (Hα line) 656.279 nm was used to calculate the electron density for different wire diameters by Stark broadening. It was found that the electron density ne decrease from 22.4×1016 cm-3 to 17×1016 cm-3 with increasing wire diameter from 0.18 mm to 0.3 mm while the electron temperatures increase from 0.741 to 0.897 eV for the same wire diameters. The optical emission spectrum (OES) emitted from the plasma have Hα line, small peak at 590 nm corresponding to sodium and others peaks belong to Cu I. The relationship between the plasma electron temperature, emission line intensity and number density with the formed copper nanoparticles size and concentration were studied. It was found that the nanoparticles concentration increase with emission line intensity while its size decrease. It can be conclude the existence of a controlled relationship between the plasma parameters and the formed nanoparticles concentration and size.

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