How Voters Respond to Presidential Assaults on Checks and Balances: Evidence from a Survey Experiment in Turkey

2022 ◽  
pp. 001041402110662
Author(s):  
Aytuğ Şaşmaz ◽  
Alper H. Yagci ◽  
Daniel Ziblatt
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Elastic Support ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Checks And Balances ◽  
Economic Anxiety ◽  
Do So

Why do voters support executive aggrandizement? One possible answer is that they do so because they think this will ease their preferred leader’s hand in putting their partisan vision into action, provided that the leader will continue winning elections. We study this phenomenon through a survey experiment in Turkey, by manipulating voters’ perceptions about the potential results of the first presidential election after a constitutional referendum of executive aggrandizement. We find that voters from both sides display what we call “elastic support” for executive aggrandizement; that is, they change previously revealed constitutional preferences in response to varying winning chances. This elasticity increases not only when citizens feel greater social distance to perceived political “others” (i.e., affective polarization) but also when voters are concerned about economic management in a potential post-incumbent era. Our findings contribute to the literature on how polarization and economic anxiety contribute to executive aggrandizement and democratic backsliding. 1

Explaining Trump’s Support: What We Saw and Heard At His Campaign Rallies

The Forum ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Racial Resentment ◽  
Economic Anxiety

Abstract More than a year after his surprise victory, scholars continue to debate why Donald Trump won the 2016 presidential election. Two explanations – economic anxiety and racial resentment – are commonly cited. Drawing on open-ended interviews with Trump supporters and observations at multiple Trump campaign rallies, we find that both explanations, as commonly presented, do not fully capture the dynamics underlying Trump’s support. Rather than racial animosity or concern over their personal economic status, we believe that Trump’s supporters were primarily focused on what they saw as an increasingly biased political and economic system that no longer rewarded hard work and playing by the rules.

scholarly journals Conspiracy theories, election rigging, and support for democratic norms

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 205316802095985
Author(s):  
Bethany Albertson ◽  
Kimberly Guiler
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Election ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
Us Presidential Election ◽  
Democratic Norms ◽  
Election Meddling

Under what conditions does conspiratorial rhetoric about election rigging change attitudes? We investigated this question using a survey experiment the day before and the morning of the 2016 US presidential election. We hypothesized that exposure to conspiratorial rhetoric about election interference would significantly heighten negative emotions (anxiety, anger) and undermine support for democratic institutions. Specifically, we expected that Democrats who read conspiratorial information about interference by the Russians in US elections, and that Republicans who read conspiratorial information about interference by the Democratic Party in US elections would express less support for key democratic norms. Our evidence largely supported our hypotheses. Americans exposed to a story claiming the election would be tampered with expressed less confidence in democratic institutions, and these effects were moderated by prior partisan beliefs about the actors most likely responsible for election meddling.

Right on Time: An Electoral Audit for the Publication of Vote Results

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-186
Author(s):  
Leonardo Antenangeli ◽  
Francisco Cantú
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Election ◽  
Counting Process ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Systematic Effect ◽  
Potential Bias ◽  
Electoral Outcome ◽  
Administrative Capacity ◽  
Electoral Outcomes ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Do So

Abstract The publication of electoral results in real time is a common practice in contemporary democracies. However, delays in the reporting of electoral outcomes often stir up skepticism and suspicion in the vote-counting process. This issue urges us to construct a systematic test to distinguish delays attributable to manipulation to those resulting from a limited administrative capacity. This paper proposes a method to assess the potential sorting of the electoral results given the moment at which polling stations publish their vote totals. To do so, we model the time span for a polling station to report its electoral results, to identify those observations whose reported times are poorly explained by the model, and to assess a potential bias in the candidates’ vote trends. We illustrate this method by analyzing the 2006 Presidential Election in Mexico, a contest that aroused suspicion from opposition parties and public opinion alike regarding how the electoral results were reported. The results suggest that polling stations’ time logs mostly respond to their specific geographic, logistic, and sociodemographic features. Moreover, those observations that took longer than expected to report their returns had no systematic effect on the electoral outcome. The proposed method can be used as an additional post-election audit to help officials and party representatives evaluate the integrity of an election.

scholarly journals A Psychological Profile of the Alt-Right

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick S. Forscher ◽  
Nour S. Kteily
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Election ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Social Discourse ◽  
Psychological Profile ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Economic Anxiety ◽  
Amazon's Mechanical Turk ◽  
The U.S

The 2016 U.S. presidential election coincided with the rise of the “alternative right,” or alt-right. Alt-right associates have wielded considerable influence on the current administration and on social discourse, but the movement’s loose organizational structure has led to disparate portrayals of its members’ psychology and made it difficult to decipher its aims and reach. To systematically explore the alt-right’s psychology, we recruited two U.S. samples: An exploratory sample through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk ( N = 827, alt-right n = 447) and a larger, nationally representative sample through the National Opinion Research Center’s Amerispeak panel ( N = 1,283, alt-right n = 71–160, depending on the definition). We estimate that 6% of the U.S. population and 10% of Trump voters identify as alt-right. Alt-right adherents reported a psychological profile more reflective of the desire for group-based dominance than economic anxiety. Although both the alt-right and non-alt-right Trump voters differed substantially from non-alt-right, non-Trump voters, the alt-right and Trump voters were quite similar, differing mainly in the alt-right’s especially high enthusiasm for Trump, suspicion of mainstream media, trust in alternative media, and desire for collective action on behalf of Whites. We argue for renewed consideration of overt forms of bias in contemporary intergroup research.

The Evangelical Vote and Race in the 2016 Presidential Election

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janelle Wong
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
2016 Election ◽  
Evangelical Identity ◽  
White Evangelicals ◽  
Economic Anxiety

AbstractThis paper highlights differences in evangelical identity and its association with political attitudes across racial groups. It finds that White evangelicals hold more conservative views than Black, Latinx, and Asian American evangelicals, despite similar levels of religiosity. White evangelicals' more conservative political attitudes are driven by a sense of in-group embattlement, or the idea that their group faces as much or more discrimination as persecuted outgroups. This sense of in-group embattlement is distinct from the effects of economic resources, economic anxiety, partisanship, region (South) and generalized conservative outlook. The paper draws on survey data collected in the immediate aftermath of the 2016 election.

Pakistan’s Development and Asian Experience (The Iqbal Memorial Lecture)

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (4I) ◽  
pp. 343-382
Author(s):  
Gustav F. Papanek
Keyword(s):  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Flow Problem ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Memorial Lecture ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Infant Industry ◽  
Foreign Private Investment ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Do So

To summarise the conclusions of this paper: 1. Pakistan not only has to deal with a cash flow problem, it also has to make the difficult structural adjustment of living within its means, after nearly 50 years of failing to do so. 2. Despite large resource inflows and periods of good economic management Pakistan’s per capita growth has been less than half of that in rapidly growing Asian economies. The country has therefore failed to reduce poverty as much as it could have. 3. This performance was the result of inadequate export growth, savings and attractiveness to foreign private investment. Two periods of good economic management show the impressive potential of the economy. 4. The heart of an appropriate economic strategy is to make non-traditional exports more profitable. 5. It is appropriate to emphasise the need for further decontrol and greater reliance on the market. But government has an important role in providing infant industry incentives for exports and compensating for externalities. 6. To maintain political support for reforms government must allocate fairly the pain and gains, and reduce corruption.

Weighing Lives in War: How National Identity Influences American Public Opinion about Foreign Civilian and Compatriot Fatalities

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-43
Author(s):  
Scott D Sagan ◽  
Benjamin A Valentino
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Military Operation ◽  
International Context ◽  
Us Military ◽  
Original Survey ◽  
Collateral Harm ◽  
Do So

Abstract This article explores how the American public weighs tradeoffs between foreign and compatriot fatalities during war. This focus provides an important window into the meaning and significance of citizenship and national identity and, in turn, the most fateful consequences of inclusion and exclusion in the international context. To examine these attitudes, we conducted an original survey experiment asking subjects to consider a fictional US military operation in Afghanistan. We find that: (1) Americans are significantly more willing to accept the collateral deaths of foreign civilians as compared to American civilians in operations aiming to destroy important military targets; (2) Americans are less willing to risk the lives of American soldiers to minimize collateral harm to foreign civilians as compared to American civilians; (3) Americans who express relatively more favorable views of the United States compared to other nations are more willing to accept foreign collateral deaths in US military operations; and (4) Americans are more willing to accept Afghan civilian collateral deaths than those of citizens from a neutral state, such as India. Many Americans recognize that placing a much higher value on compatriot lives over foreign lives is morally problematic, but choose to do so anyway.

scholarly journals Economic Management of Income Earned by Cruise Ship Workers from Denpasar Municipality in Their Place of Origin

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
AA. Manik Pratiwi ◽  
Putu Diah Kusuma Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cruise Ship ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Thematic Content Analysis ◽  
Boarding House ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
Do So ◽  
Economic Income

This study aims to identify the ways applied in the economic management of the income earned by cruise ship workers from Denpasar Municipality in their place of origin and to identify the benefits enjoyed by families of the cruise ship workers and their place of origin through the economic income management. This study examines the ways employed in the economic income management. This research took place in Denpasar Municipality of Bali Province. Samples were taken by the random sampling technique. The informants are cruise ship workers from Denpasar Municipality and their families. The thematic content analysis is applied in this study. The main findings of this study indicate that cruise ship workers have managed their income economically. They do so by investing their income to do a business, buy land, and build a boarding house. They also join Bali Seafarers Cooperative as a member. Their families enjoy many benefits with the economic income management by cruise ship workers.

Communication and Collective Actions: A Survey Experiment on Motivating Energy Conservation in the U.S.

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby Bolsen ◽  
James N. Druckman ◽  
Fay Lomax Cook
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Do So

AbstractWhen do citizens take action to benefit the public good, even when individual benefits are scant or non-existent? We address this question with a focus on an area of critical importance when it comes to environmental sustainability—specifically, we examine citizens' actions in the domain of energy conservation. We do so by using a survey experiment to evaluate the impact of exposure to communications posited to shape collective action behavior. We find that communications shape behavior depending on two primary factors not previously studied in concert: to whom responsibility is attributed for collective outcomes; and, what effects, or consequences, are associated with one's actions. We find that communications emphasizing individual responsibility and collective environmental benefits can stimulate collective action.

Economic Inequality and Public Support for Organized Labor

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 918-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. Newman ◽  
John V. Kane
Keyword(s):  
Labor Unions ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Organized Labor ◽  
Local Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Political Response ◽  
Do So

When exploring the political response of citizens to economic inequality, scholarship primarily focuses on support for left parties and demand for redistribution. This article expands upon this literature by exploring whether inequality generates public support for a known inequality-attenuating force in society—labor unions. In contrast to prior work, which largely focuses on national levels of inequality, we focus on the effect of citizens’ firsthand exposure to inequality in their local context. We theorize that residing in a context with visible income inequality should generate support for expanding the power of unions and should do so by augmenting the perceived exigency of unions in advocating for the working class. Using observational analysis of national survey data, reinforced with matching, placebo tests, and a survey experiment, we find strong support for our theoretical expectations.

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