scholarly journals Stressful Life Events, Differential Vulnerability, and Depressive Symptoms: Critique and New Evidence

2021 ◽  
pp. 002214652110559
Author(s):  
Lewis R. Anderson ◽  
Christiaan W.S. Monden ◽  
Erzsébet Bukodi
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Differential Vulnerability ◽  
Tentative Evidence ◽  
Vulnerability Hypothesis ◽  
The Uk

Depressive symptoms are disproportionately high among women and less educated individuals. One mechanism proposed to explain this is the differential vulnerability hypothesis—that these groups experience particularly strong increases in symptoms in response to stressful life events. We identify limitations to prior work and present evidence from a new approach to life stress research using the UK Household Longitudinal Study. Preliminarily, we replicate prior findings of differential vulnerability in between-individual models. Harnessing repeated measures, however, we show that apparent findings of differential vulnerability by both sex and education are artifacts of confounding. Men and women experience similar average increases in depressive symptoms after stressful life events. One exception is tentative evidence for a stronger association among women for events occurring to others in the household. We term this the “female vulnerability to network events” hypothesis and discuss with reference to Kessler and McLeod’s related “cost of caring” hypothesis.

Aggression, depression, and stressful life events predicting peer rejection in children

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 845-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie A. Little ◽  
Judy Garber
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Peer Rejection ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Peer Nominations

AbstractThis short-term prospective study examined the contribution of aggression and depression, stressful life events, and their interactions to the prediction of peer rejection. Subjects were 497 fifth- and sixth-grade children who completed questionnaires at two time points separated by approximately 3 months. Levels of peer rejection and aggression were assessed by peer nominations; level of depressive symptoms and number of stressful life events were measured by self-report questionnaires. Controlling for sex and baseline level of peer rejection, aggression directly predicted peer rejection. In contrast, depressive symptoms interacted with life stress to predict peer rejection. Examination of the Depression × Stress interaction revealed that depressive symptoms in children who had experienced high levels of life stress were not associated with increased levels of peer rejection, whereas depressive symptoms in children with low levels of stress were predictive of subsequent peer rejection. Several interpretations of these findings and directions for future research are suggested.

scholarly journals Do “Dark” Personality Features Buffer Against Adversity? The Associations Between Cumulative Life Stress, the Dark Triad, and Mental Distress

SAGE Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824401882238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Lyons ◽  
Kate Evans ◽  
Samuli Helle
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Online Study ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

Stressful life events have a major impact on adverse mental health outcomes, although not all individuals are equally affected. According to the buffering hypothesis, there may be personality traits that protect individuals against mental distress in the face of adversity, playing thus a moderating role between life stressors and mental distress. In the present online study ( N = 574), Dark Triad of personality (i.e., Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy) were investigated as moderators between cumulative stressful life events and mental distress (i.e., psychosis, anxiety, and depression). Those who experienced more stressful events during lifetime, and scored higher in Machiavellianism, had higher scores on a psychosis instrument. Narcissism buffered the impact of stressful events on psychosis and depression. The results are discussed in terms of unique profiles associated with each of the traits.

scholarly journals African American Children's Depressive Symptoms: The Prospective Effects of Neighborhood Disorder, Stressful Life Events, and Parenting

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 163-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Misaki N. Natsuaki ◽  
Xiaojia Ge ◽  
Gene H. Brody ◽  
Ronald L. Simons ◽  
Frederick X. Gibbons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Neighborhood Disorder

Trajectories of stressful life events and depressive symptoms during adolescence.

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojia Ge ◽  
Frederick O. Lorenz ◽  
Rand D. Conger ◽  
Glen H. Elder ◽  
et al
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life

Prospective data from the Women’s Health Initiative on depressive symptoms, stress, and inflammation

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salene MW Jones ◽  
Julie Weitlauf ◽  
Suzanne C Danhauer ◽  
Lihong Qi ◽  
Oleg Zaslavsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Women's Health Initiative ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
The Women’S Health Initiative

This study examined the longitudinal association of depressive symptoms and stressful life events with inflammation in the Women’s Health Initiative. Women aged 50 years and older ( N = 7477) completed questionnaires assessing depressive symptoms and stressful life events at baseline and 15 years later. Serum measures of C-reactive protein were collected at both assessments. In bivariate analyses, C-reactive protein predicted 15-year depressive symptoms and stressful life events ( ps < .03) and baseline depressive symptoms and stressful life events predicted later C-reactive protein ( ps < .03). These longitudinal relationships were not maintained in multivariate adjusted analyses. Combined with previous research, this suggests the relationship between depression, stressful life events and inflammation attenuates with time.

Neuroticism, social network, stressful life events: Association with mood disorders, depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in a community sample of women

2015 ◽  
Vol 226 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mandelli ◽  
Finiki A. Nearchou ◽  
Chrysostomos Vaiopoulos ◽  
Costas N. Stefanis ◽  
Silia Vitoratou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Stressful Life
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