scholarly journals The Resurgence of Medical Education in Sociology: A Return to Our Roots and an Agenda for the Future

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-270
Author(s):  
Tania M. Jenkins ◽  
Kelly Underman ◽  
Alexandra H. Vinson ◽  
Lauren D. Olsen ◽  
Laura E. Hirshfield
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Professional Socialization ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The Life Course

From 1940 to 1980, studies of medical education were foundational to sociology, but attention shifted away from medical training in the late 1980s. Recently, there has been a marked return to this once pivotal topic, reflecting new questions and stakes. This article traces this resurgence by reviewing recent substantive research trends and setting the agenda for future research. We summarize four current research foci that reflect and critically map onto earlier projects in this subfield while driving theoretical development elsewhere in the larger discipline: (1) professional socialization, (2) knowledge regimes, (3) stratification within the profession, and (4) sociology of the field of medical education. We then offer six potential future directions where more research is needed: (1) inequalities in medical education, (2) socialization across the life course and new institutional forms of gatekeeping, (3) provider well-being, (4) globalization, (5) medical education as knowledge-based work, and (6) effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Exploring the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical education: an international cross-sectional study of medical learners

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Brown ◽  
Aliya Kassam ◽  
Mike Paget ◽  
Kenneth Blades ◽  
Megan Mercia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Geographic Regions ◽  
The Impact

Background: The evidence surrounding the impact of COVID-19 on medical learners remains anecdotal and highly speculative despite the anticipated impact and potential consequences of the current pandemic on medical training. The purpose of this study was to explore the extent that COVID-19 initially impacted medical learners around the world and examine global trends and patterns across geographic regions and levels of training. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of medical learners was conducted between March 25–June 14, 2020, shortly after the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic. Results: 6492 learners completed the survey from 140 countries. Most medical schools removed learners from the clinical environment and adopted online learning, but students reported concerns about the quality of their learning, training progression, and milestone fulfillment. Residents reported they could be better utilized and expressed concerns about their career timeline. Trainees generally felt under-utilized and wanted to be engaged clinically in meaningful ways; however, some felt that contributing to healthcare during a pandemic was beyond the scope of a learner. Significant differences were detected between levels of training and geographic regions for satisfaction with organizational responses as well as the impact of COVID-19 learner wellness and state-trait anxiety. Conclusions: The disruption to the status quo of medical education is perceived by learners across all levels and geographic regions to have negatively affected their training and well-being, particularly amongst postgraduate trainees. These results provide initial empirical insights into the areas that warrant future research as well as consideration for current and future policy planning.

State of the Art and Trends in Research on Gamification and Serious Game in Health: A Scientometric Analysis (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengchao Hou ◽  
Xiubo Wang ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Jingdong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Serious Games ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Current State ◽  
Bibliographic Records

BACKGROUND The application of gamification and serious games in health attracts much scholarly attention in the last decade. However, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of contributions of gamification and serious games to the growth of scientific research in the health domain. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to obtain insights into the current state and future directions of gamification and serious games in health by analyzing the related academic literature. METHODS This study collected papers related to gamification in health published in the last 10 years from Web of Science Core Collection database. Analyzing tools of CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to investigate the literature characteristics, including publications growth, related journal and disciplines, author collaboration, as well as impact articles and research trends. RESULTS A total of 1611 bibliographic records on gamification in health were included. Publications increased considerably with 45.9% at an annual compound average growth rate. Studies of gamification in health were conducted with multiple disciplines of knowledge from various journals. Some stable authors' collaboration is formed up. Five impactful papers are selected to reflect the research evolution. The research trends of the area are gamification in rehabilitation, medical education, mobile health, physical activity and mental health. CONCLUSIONS Research of gamification in health is promising and drives towards meaningful healthcare practice and medical education. This study might provide potential implications for future research of gamification in health.

New Territories of Positive Life-Span Development: Wisdom and Life Longings

2009 ◽  
pp. 170-184
Author(s):  
Susanne Scheibe ◽  
Ute Kunzmann ◽  
Paul B. Baltes
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Life Span Development ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
The Life Course

In search for concepts that help understand how individuals strive for growth and perfection within the boundaries and constraints of human lives, we describe theory and research on the concepts of wisdom, or expert knowledge about human nature and the life course, and Sehnsucht (life longings), the recurring and strong desire for ideal (utopian), alternative states and expressions of life. Both represent relatively new concepts on the agenda of lifespan research, originating from an interest in identifying major topics of public and humanist discourse about the potentials and constraints of life-span development and finding ways to measure them with the methods of normative psychological science. Despite their complexity and multiple meanings, progress has been made in the theory-driven operationalization of wisdom and life longings, allowing new insights into their ontogenesis and role for positive development. Emerging research shows that wisdom and life longings do not directly promote a hedonic life orientation or happiness: neither the insight that life is incomplete (wisdom) nor the experience of this incompleteness (life longings) is compatible with feelings of unequivocal joy and pleasure. Yet, there is emerging evidence that they contribute to other aspects of positive development, emphasizing personal growth, meaning, and the aligning of one's own and other's well-being. We suggest that future research should focus on the links of wisdom and life longings with multiple developmental outcomes and the possible interplay of both concepts in promoting positive development.

scholarly journals Undergraduate Education in Psychiatry in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Roy Abraham Kallivayalil ◽  
Arun Enara
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Treatment Gap ◽  
The World ◽  
Education In India

AbstractMedical education curricula, from around the world, have often neglected psychiatry as a subject of importance in undergraduate medical training.In India, the scenario has not been different from the rest of the world. The National Mental Health Survey done in India, recently, estimates a treatment gap of around 80–85% for various mental illnesses. This provides a strong case to strengthen the undergraduate psychiatry curricula since it would help tackle the treatment gap of common mental disorders in the community.Further, a strong educational foundation with meaningful inclusion of mental health and well-being, will also make the trainee aware of their own mental well-being and better help seeking behaviour in the medical student. In this article, we look to review the evolution of undergraduate medical education in India.

scholarly journals A Study on Visual Representations for Active Plant Wall Data Analysis

Data ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kahin Akram Hassan ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Lonni Besançon ◽  
Jimmy Johansson ◽  
Niklas Rönnberg
Keyword(s):  
User Study ◽  
Line Graph ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Temporal Data ◽  
Indoor Climate ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
The Status

The indoor climate is closely related to human health, well-being, and comfort. Thus, an understanding of the indoor climate is vital. One way to improve the indoor climates is to place an aesthetically pleasing active plant wall in the environment. By collecting data using sensors placed in and around the plant wall both the indoor climate and the status of the plant wall can be monitored and analyzed. This manuscript presents a user study with domain experts in this field with a focus on the representation of such data. The experts explored this data with a Line graph, a Horizon graph, and a Stacked area graph to better understand the status of the active plant wall and the indoor climate. Qualitative measures were collected with Think-aloud protocol and semi-structured interviews. The study resulted in four categories of analysis tasks: Overview, Detail, Perception, and Complexity. The Line graph was found to be preferred for use in providing an overview, and the Horizon graph for detailed analysis, revealing patterns and showing discernible trends, while the Stacked area graph was generally not preferred. Based on these findings, directions for future research are discussed and formulated. The results and future directions of this research can facilitate the analysis of multivariate temporal data, both for domain users and visualization researchers.

scholarly journals BARRIERS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR SUFFICIENT ACADEMIC RESEARCH ON HOME MODIFICATION FOR OLDER ADULTS IN CHINA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S249-S250
Author(s):  
Mengzhao Yan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Home Modification ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Current State ◽  
Systematical Review

Abstract Home modification has been perceived as an effective method to make current dwelling units more age-friendly and improve the well-being of older adults. In China, a country with an increasing number of older adults, home modification research is still in its infancy. By typing “适老化改造” (home modification for older adults) as a keyword for the theme of articles in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the most authoritative and comprehensive database for academic publication in China, only 158 related papers are found to be published until the end of 2017, among which the first was published in 2009. With an aim to determine the current state of home modification research in older adults and to determine what could be done to facilitate sufficient research on this topic, the present study conducted a systematical review of the 158 papers about home modification for older adults published in China between 2009 and 2017. Based on the systematical review, the present paper identifies four barriers to conducting this line of research and puts forward six practical suggestions for future research studies in this area so as to contribute to building age-friendly dwellings and promoting age-friendly China.

scholarly journals UTILIZING PRINCIPLES OF LIFESPAN DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY TO EXAMINE RESILIENCE TO ADVERSITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S229-S229
Author(s):  
Frank J Infurna
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Character Strengths ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Developmental Principles

Abstract Lifespan developmental psychology has many guiding principles. My past, current, and future research has been influenced by the lifespan developmental principles of multidimensionality and multidirectionality and the premise that development is not entirely bound to chronological age, but to historical-, contextual-, non-normative event-, pathology- and mortality-related processes. The first part of my talk will discuss ways I have utilized these principles in my research examining individual’s ability to be resilient to diverse types of adversities (cancer diagnosis, unemployment, and bereavement) and resources they are drawing on to promote more positive outcomes, such as social support. The second part of my talk will focus on future research directions that aim to advance the conceptual and methodological significance of this research. Future directions include explicitly studying individuals in midlife, inclusion of outcomes beyond that of mental health and well-being, such as character strengths, and longitudinal research designs that assess people more frequently.

Gratitude as a Mediator of the Effects of Savoring on Positive Adjustment to Aging

2020 ◽  
pp. 009141502091999
Author(s):  
Fred B. Bryant ◽  
Karen A. Osowski ◽  
Jennifer L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes Toward Aging ◽  
Life Lessons ◽  
Adjustment To Aging

We extended the previous experimental work with older adults by testing mediating variables through which savoring valuable “life lessons” improves attitudes toward aging and boosts well-being. A sample of 202 adults aged 65 or older were randomly assigned to either an experimental condition (in which they reflected on important lessons life had taught them) or a control condition (in which they reflected on their typical morning routine). Contemplating life lessons increased feelings of gratitude, which in turn boosted positive attitudes toward aging, life satisfaction, state hope, and state self-esteem. Additional analyses supported a three-path mediational model, in which reflecting on life lessons increased levels of savoring, which led to greater gratitude, which in turn predicted stronger positive attitudes toward aging, life satisfaction, and hope. We discuss implications of these findings for future research on savoring interventions for older adults and suggest future directions designed to advance understanding of these experimental effects.

A culturally derived framework of values-driven transformation in Māori economies of well-being (Ngā hono ōhanga oranga)

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Rachel Wolfgramm ◽  
Chellie Spiller ◽  
Ella Henry ◽  
Robert Pouwhare
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Kaupapa Māori ◽  
Research And Policy

This article is based on current research investigating Māori economies of well-being. A primary question is “what constitutes transformative and prosperous Māori economies of well-being?” The impetus for the inquiry is a surge in interest in strategies that reconcile multidimensional demands in Māori development. The study is situated within an international renaissance of research and policy development in economies of well-being. The article contributes to a comprehensive, multilevel and interdisciplinary review of Māori economies and well-being literature. In addition, it offers a distinctive culturally derived framework: Ngā hono ōhanga oranga (Māori relational economies of well-being). This framework extends understanding of economies of well-being to include relational dimensions derived from Māori ontologies, mātauranga and kaupapa Māori (Māori approach). This framework offers valuable insights that can be used to advance policy development and implementation of economies of well-being. Future directions outline how this framework informs current and future research investigating Māori leadership and decision making.

The narrative reconstruction of psychotherapy

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Adler ◽  
Dan P. McAdams
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Ego Development ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Personal Agency ◽  
Narrative Reconstruction ◽  
Current Psychological ◽  
The Life Course

Going to psychotherapy represents an atypical, usually unanticipated, and often emotionally significant experience in the life course. As with many such events, people construct stories about therapy experiences in order to make sense out of them and to provide their lives with a sense of unity and purpose. Yet beyond these purposes, the storying of psychotherapy is also central to the maintenance of the therapeutic gains achieved during the course of treatment (e.g., Frank, 1961; Spence, 1982). In the present study, the psychotherapy stories of 76 community adults are assessed using grounded theory methodology to determine narrative patterns that distinguish between individuals who currently show different constellations of psychological health. Two dimensions of current psychological health — ego development, or complex meaning making processes, and psychological well-being — serve as the basis for comparisons between participants. Four ways of storying psychotherapy are described, and preliminary interpretations for these types are suggested. In summary: participants high in ego development and high in well-being emphasized their personal agency throughout their stories; participants high in ego development and low in well-being prominently featured their therapists and pointed to the therapeutic alliance as the mechanism of treatment; participants low in ego development and high in well-being adopted components of dominant cultural narratives of therapy; and the stories of participants low in ego development and low in well-being presented an interpretive challenge, lacking a certain standard of narrative coherence. The themes we identified lay the groundwork for future research on the narrative construction of psychotherapy and may prove useful to clinicians as they strive to help their clients to co-construct successful stories about their therapeutic work together.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document