Trade Unionism: Differences and Similarities - a Comparative View on Europe, USA and Asia

2006 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Strøby Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Different Parts

The article presents an outline of characteristics regarding trade unions in three different parts of the world, focusing on Europe, USA and Asia. The intention is to describe and discuss differences and similarities between trade unionism in these three parts of the world focusing on some selected countries. The conclusion in this article is that it is possible - on a very abstract and generalizing level - to identify some differences in the social and institutional basis of trade unions in Europe, Asia and the USA.

scholarly journals Christian Trade Unions and European Integration

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-33
Author(s):  
Samuel H. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Milieu

Summary Christian trade unions of the countries of « Little Europe » have established organizations to coordinate their European activities and to represent their interests before the agencies concerned with European economic integration. They have been forced to seek allies in order to increase their influence. In this search they have two major alternatives: they can work closely with the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions, or they can try to increase their influence within the Christian Democratic political milieu. This article describes the supranational structure of the International Federation of Christian Trade Unions and analyses the problems of orientation with which its supranational activities has confronted it. The present article was suggested by a broader study of Christian trade unionism in the world. A grant from the Social Science Research Council enabled the author to visit several European countries during the summer of 1959, and this assistance is gratefully acknowledged. Additional research was accomplished in Europe in the summer of 1961.

scholarly journals The “Table of mineral classification” by Oscar Nerval de Gouvêa: mineralogy and medicine in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-508
Author(s):  
Silvia Fernanda de Mendonça Figueirôa
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract Oscar Nerval de Gouvêa was a scientist and teacher in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, whose work spanned engineering, medicine, the social sciences, and law. This paper presents and discusses a manuscript entitled “Table of mineral classification,” which he appended to his dissertation Da receptividade mórbida , presented to the Faculty of Medicine in 1889. The foundations and features of the table provide a focus for understanding nineteenth-century mineralogy and its connections in Brazil at that time through this scientist. This text was Gouvêa’s contribution to the various mineral classification systems which have emerged from different parts of the world.

scholarly journals Assessing the Economical Efficiency of Intermodal Chains in Global Trade

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 01032
Author(s):  
Bogusz Wiśnicki ◽  
Dariusz Milewski
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Efficiency Analysis ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Transport Efficiency ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Different Parts

The paper relates to the development of intermodal technologies used in international trade, together with factors which will influence that development at present and in the future. The aim of the paper is to assess impact of the integration of intermodal chains on logistics costs and thus on global trade. The special emphasize is laid on the problem of the diversity of standards of containers and transport technology in different parts of the world. This research is based on the available statistical data and information obtained from leading logistics operators. The authors conducted comparative analysis of the economic efficiency of usage of different sizes of cargo units, both standard and non-standard, relating to representative intermodal chain between the USA and Europe. In order to assess different scenarios a model was elaborated for calculating the total costs of such a chain, and transport efficiency analysis with the use of this model were conducted. The results of research presented in the paper confirm that integration of intermodal chains thanks to standardization of loading units in a global scale could be profitable. The results of logistics cost analysis prove measurable benefits for logistics operators and as well as their customers.

Twenty-five years of A-B-C: Miroslav Hroch's impact on nationalism studies

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 773-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
English Translation ◽  
25Th Anniversary ◽  
East European ◽  
Social Composition ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Work First ◽  
Different Parts

This year marks the 25th anniversary of the publication of Miroslav Horch's 1985Social Preconditions of National Revival in Europe: A Comparative Analysis of the Social Composition of Patriotic Groups among the Smaller European Nationsin English translation. The work first appeared asDie Vorkämpfer der nationalen Bewegungen bei den kleinen Völkern Europasin 1968. The English translator of this famous study, Ben Fowkes, has since established himself as a prolific expert on East European nationalism (1996, 1999, 2000, 2002). Hroch's work has now influenced several generations of scholars interested in many different parts of the world. To examine its influence on the course of nationalism studies, this themed issue ofNationalities Papersoffers both a retrospective on Hroch's work and discussion of its continued relevance for several different branches of nationalism studies.

scholarly journals The impacts of COVID-19 on the world of work in Turkey

SEER ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Arzu Çerkezoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
Credit Lines ◽  
The Social ◽  
Poor Families ◽  
The World ◽  
Working People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Short Time

This article explores the reaction to the pandemic in Turkey, specifically as regards its impact on workers’ health, livelihoods and employment. It is clear that the pandemic, which has hit Turkey very hard, has had a disproportionate impact on working people and members of the union. The government has shortened the service record required to qualify for short-time working allowance, and also imposed a ban on lay-offs, but these are far from complete solutions. Meanwhile, its relief package - the ‘Economic Stability Shield’ - predominantly consists of credit lines and debt relief and is also the second lowest in the G20. Times are uncertain for all workers, particularly unregistered ones, as well as for poor families in terms of meeting basic needs now and during the next period of the pandemic, on top of the employment and unemployment crisis which has already been going on since August 2018. The government has decided not to take the advice of trade unions and professional organisations, but DİSK continues to raise its voice as regards maintaining the social order both now and in the crucial post-pandemic period.

scholarly journals Covid-19 transmission dynamics during the unlock phase and significance of testing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijit Paul ◽  
Samrat Chatterjee ◽  
Nandadulal Bairagi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Epidemic Curve ◽  
Large Scale Testing ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lower Growth Rate

The pandemic disease Covid-19 caused by SARS-COV-2, which emerged from Wuhan, China, has established itself as the most devastating disease in the history of infectious disease, affecting 216 countries/territories across the world. Different countries have developed and adopted various policies to contain this epidemic and the most common were the social distancing and lockdown. Though some countries have come out of this pandemic, the infection is still increasing and remains very serious in the rest of the world. Even when the disease is not under control, many countries have withdrawn the lockdown and going through the phase-wise unlocking process, causing a further increment in the infection rate. In such a scenario, the role of the undetected class of infected individuals has become very crucial. The present study is an attempt to understand and estimate the possible epidemic burden during the unlock phase in the presence of an undetected class. We proposed a modified SEIR model and dissected the epidemiological status of different countries with the available data. With the initial establishment of the model with the epidemic data of four countries, which have already attained the epidemic peak, the study focused more on countries like India and the USA, where the epidemic curve is still growing, but the unlock process has started. As a straightforward result, we noticed a significant increase in the undetected and detected infected cases under the ongoing unlock phase. Under such conditions, our recalibration exercise showed that an increase in the testing could revert the existing growth rate of the infected cases to the lower growth rate of the lockdown period. Our present study emphasizes on the implementation of 3T principles, trace, test, and treat, to contain the epidemic. The significance of large scale testing in controlling the epidemic is true for both India and the USA though they have different socio-economic conditions. The use of repurposing drugs may further decrease the infected cases and help the disease controlling process. We believe our proposed strategy obtained through a mathematical model will help to make a better policy for the unlock phase.

scholarly journals Hepatitis E-Induced Acute Myocarditis in an Elderly Woman

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 342-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratim Sengupta ◽  
Sumanta Biswas ◽  
Tapas Roy
Keyword(s):  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Acute Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Acute Myocarditis ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Clinical Complications ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Acute Hepatitis E ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Different Parts

Hepatitis E is a common, mainly water-borne hepatotropic virus prevalent mainly in Southeast Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Central America. In the eastern part of India epidemics of acute hepatitis E are well reported. Hepatitis E commonly presents as self-limiting acute viral hepatitis among young adults, except for some critical clinical complications during pregnancy. In epidemiological research, subclinical acute hepatitis E infection is also reported from different parts of the world, including developed nations such as the USA (predominantly in the population aged >60 years). Though primarily hepatotropic, in the literature there are reports of rare extrahepatic manifestation of acute hepatitis E. Here we present an elderly lady with acute hepatitis E who primarily presented with acute myocarditis.

Representation and the problem of bibliographic imagination on Wikipedia

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan Luyt
Keyword(s):  
American History ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Social World ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Geographical Region ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Blind Spots

Purpose The astonishing thing about Wikipedia is that despite the way it is produced, the product is as good as it is and not far worse. But this is no reason for complacency. As others have documented, Wikipedia has representational blind spots, produced by the nature of its editorial community and their discursive conventions. This article wishes to look at the potential effect of sources on certain of these blind spots.Design/methodology/approach The author used an extended example, the Wikipedia article on the Philippine–American War, to illustrate the unfortunate effects that accompany a lack of attention to the kind of sources used to produce narratives for the online encyclopaedia. The Philippine–American War article was chosen because of its importance to American history. The war brought to the fore a debate over the future of the USA and the legitimacy of a republic acquiring overseas colonies. It remains controversial today, making it essential that its representation on Wikipedia is soundly constructed.Findings Inattention to sources (a lack of bibliographical imagination) produces representational anomalies. Certain sources are privileged when they should not be and others are ignored or considered as sub-standard. Overall, the epistemological boundaries of the article in terms of what the editorial community considers reliable and what the community of scholars producing knowledge about the war think as reliable do not overlap to the extent that they should. The resulting narrative is therefore less rich than it otherwise could be.Originality/value While there exists a growing literature on the representational blind spots of Wikipedia (gender, class, geographical region and so on), the focus has been on the composition of the demographics of the editorial community. But equally important to the problem of representation are the sources used by that community. Much literature has been written that seeks to portray the social world of the marginalized, but it is not used on Wikipedia, despite it easily meeting the criteria for reliability set by the Wikipedia community. This is a tragic oversight that makes Wikipedia's aim to be a repository for the knowledge of the world, a laudable goal to strive for, even if in reality unobtainable, even harder to achieve than ever.

Organ Donation and Transplantation

2013 ◽  
pp. 511-528
Author(s):  
Sherifa Al-Dossary ◽  
Norah Al-Dulaijan ◽  
Shaha Al-Mansour ◽  
Shrooq Al-Zahrani ◽  
Manahil Al-Fridan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
The Social ◽  
Donation Process ◽  
The World ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Different Parts

Organ transplantation is the best and often times the only opportunity for patients with end-stage organ disease to survive. In 1985, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was one of the few Arab countries to have started an organ donation program. The program was later expanded and renamed the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation (SCOT) in 1994. This chapter reviews the literature around organ donation and transplantation and introduces the different types of consent and registries available from different parts of the world as a solution for enhancing the process of donation and increasing organ donation rates. It also explores the organ donation process, the role of the SCOT program, and the social and public factors that influence organ donation in Saudi Arabia.

The idea of becoming an individual in the context of early Christianity

1997 ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Pavlo Pavlenko
Keyword(s):  
Civil Wars ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Early Christianity ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Different Parts

The last centuries before the beginning of the Christian era, the first centuries after that, were enveloped in the history of mankind as a period of the total crisis and the decline of the Greco-Roman civilization, a crisis that covered virtually all spheres of the social life of the Roman world and which, as ever before, experienced almost every one, whether he is a slave or a free citizen, a small merchant or a big slave or an aristocrat. As a reaction to the crisis, in various parts of the empire the civil wars and the slavery uprising erupt in different parts of the empire. Under such conditions of life, the world around itself no longer seemed to man to be self-sufficient, harmonious, stable, "good" and warded by a cohort of traditional deities. Yes, and the gods themselves were now turned out to be incapable, unable to change the unceasing flow of fatal doom.

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