Anti-Nepotism Rules: The Legal Rights of Married Co-Workers

1989 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Reed ◽  
Linda J. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Public Organizations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
State Court ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Public Employer ◽  
The U.S

Anti-nepotism rules in public organizations have led to law suits based on anti-discrimination statutes and the U.S. Constitution. Plaintiffs claim they are entitled to work with their spouses if they are qualified employees. Employers, on the other hand, defend anti-nepotism rules as a business necessity, arguing that married co-workers are a potentially disruptive influence in the office. A review of federal and state court decisions suggests that married co-workers rarely prevail in such cases. In this area of civil and constitutional litigation, public employer liabilities appear to be limited to situations where restrictions are unreasonably broad.

Life Beyond 1MeV

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
K.H. Westmacott
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good Case ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The U.S

Life beyond 1MeV – like life after 40 – is not too different unless one takes advantage of past experience and is receptive to new opportunities. At first glance, the returns on performing electron microscopy at voltages greater than 1MeV diminish rather rapidly as the curves which describe the well-known advantages of HVEM often tend towards saturation. However, in a country with a significant HVEM capability, a good case can be made for investing in instruments with a range of maximum accelerating voltages. In this regard, the 1.5MeV KRATOS HVEM being installed in Berkeley will complement the other 650KeV, 1MeV, and 1.2MeV instruments currently operating in the U.S. One other consideration suggests that 1.5MeV is an optimum voltage machine – Its additional advantages may be purchased for not much more than a 1MeV instrument. On the other hand, the 3MeV HVEM's which seem to be operated at 2MeV maximum, are much more expensive.

scholarly journals Historical Development over Religious Liberty in the Indonesian Constitution

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Mahaarum Kusuma Pertiwi
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Religious Liberty ◽  
The Other ◽  
Constitutional Amendment ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Political Consensus

This paper finding is the existence of recurring unsettled negotiation between the Islamists and the Nationalists during three important constitutional works in Indonesia (the making of 1945 Constitution; the work of Konstituante to draft a new constitution in 1955-1959; and the constitutional amendment 1999-2002). Such fragile political consensus creates a legal gap in the Indonesian legal system: constitutional guarantee on religious liberty on one hand, and discriminative derivative laws and court decisions in relate to religious liberty on the other hand. This paper argues the legal gap happens because historically, discourse over religious liberty never settled during constitutional debates. It leads to ambiguous constitutional articles on religious liberty such as the seemingly contradicting Article 28 I (1) on absolute rights and Article 28 J (2) on the limitation of rights. The ambiguous constitutional articles give no solid basis for protecting religious liberty, especially for minority, although explicitly Article 29 (2) of the Constitution stating, ‘The State guarantees freedom of every inhabitant to embrace his/ her respective religion and to worship according to his/ her religion and faith as such’. This paper will explain the unsettled negotiations during the making of Pancasila and the Jakarta Charter in 1945; the debate within Konstituante’s work in 1959; and the debate during constitutional amendment in 1999-2002.

Growth Accounting of the Value Composition of Capital and the Rate of Profit in the U.S. Economy: A Note Stimulated by Zarembka’s Findings

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lefteris Tsoulfidis
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Growth Accounting ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Rate Of Profit ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Composition Of Capital

The purpose of this article is twofold. On the one hand, to present a growth account of the evolution of the value composition of capital and in so doing to deal with some of the issues raised by Zarembka’s (2015) contribution. And on the other hand, to review some crucial relations between the variables that relate to the movement of the rate of profit and the current predicament.

scholarly journals VI.—Laccolites

1881 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-136
Author(s):  
G. H. Kinahan
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mountain Region ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
Lower Horizon ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Rocky Mountain Region ◽  
Henry Mountains ◽  
The U.S

In the Report on the Geology of the Henry Mountains, Rocky Mountain Region, Mr. G. K. Gilbert, of the U.S. Geographical and Geological Survey, points out that many of the intrusions of eruptive rocks now exposed had a deep-seated origin; the molten rock having filled vacancies in the rocks, and never coming to the surface until they were exposed by denudation or by faults. To quote our author, “The lava … instead of rising through all the beds of the earth's crust, stopped at a lower horizon, insinuated itself between two strata, and opened for itself a chamber by lifting all the superior beds. For these masses of eruptive rocks, Gilbert proposes the name laccolite (Gr. lakkos cistern, and lithos stone). In the Cos. Wexford and Wioklow some of the protrusions of eruptive rocks are entitled to this name, the rocks having congealed in cisterns below the surface of the earth; there are, however, some marked differences between them and the laccolites of the Henry Mountains. The latter were intruded into nearly horizontal strata, the laccolites only consist of one kind of rock, while the adjoining rocks seem to have been very little altered. But the Wexford and Wicklow laccolites, on the other hand, were intruded into highly disturbed strata, they are made up of a variety of rocks, and always the aquo-igneous action due to their intrusion—‘ baked ’ or altered, a greater or less thickness of rocks about them.

scholarly journals Amazon, Medtronic, the OECD on Risk Analysis: Thesis on Transfer Pricing

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Edward Andrew Lincoln
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Transfer Pricing ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Profit Shifting ◽  
Agency Relationships ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
International Tax ◽  
Tax Court ◽  
The U.S

The mission of this thesis is to demonstrate the diverging adherence to contracts of the OECD and US in risk allocation for transfer pricing purposes as featured in BEPS Actions 8-10. The OECD adopts a principal of objective behavioral—non-agency—analysis of economic activity, which is impracticable and unworkable. The OECD denies that accurate legal contracts accurately delineate legal relationship. This implies an inherent fraud in corporate business management, which if true would be criminal in most countries—the OECD is implying everything in writing is a lie. The OECD denies the tax implications of principle-agent legal agency relationships as defined by contract law in its transfer pricing recommendations. On the other hand, the U.S. Tax Court still looks to the agency relationships between corporate entities. The U.S. Tax Court follows the correct approach.Corporate management can be divided between principle and agents. People usually think about management and shareholders, but there are also risk managers and asset managers that can be bifurcated. In terms of management, the bottom of the hierarchy is the managers of the factories. The capital fund managers or the shareholders have all the power—it will be taxed here not at the managers of the factories. The managers at the top of the hierarchy will get the highest level of remuneration. Reliance on contract is the only way that makes sense. Tax is based on legal—rather than equitable—matters. How would one tax equity?Two polar opposites define the alternative approaches to the proper appraisal of income for purposes of taxation for transfer pricing. On the one hand, the United States Tax Court has focused largely on contractual language and terms of agreement. On the other, hand the OECD through BEPS jurisdictions (most of the rest of the world where policies have been formulated) choose to analyze actual economic behavior and reality independent of the mere words chosen by the parties.Globalization and technology have greater importance in our daily lives every day. As technology and industrial processes grow every day, technology leads to greater globalization, and greater globalization of supply chains leads to more efficient and efficient technology. For example, years ago, heart problems would lead to death, but now small “battery” type instruments (pacemakers) can prevent heart attacks. The examples of the health benefits from technology are endless.As technology becomes greater and more efficient, globalization has also created supply chains and industrial production processes that are no longer local. As global supply chains increase in complexity, profits need to be properly allocated to certain jurisdictions for taxation purposes—to raise revenue support government functions for society’s benefit. This is a fundamental issue of international taxation. The leading principle for the allocation is the arm’s length principle, according to which related enterprises must charge prices that would have been charged in the open market. Although the principle’s goal aims at avoiding profit shifting, multinational enterprises for years used to shift profits to low tax jurisdictions to avoid taxes in high tax jurisdictions. In the early part of the 21st century increased to attention to these phenomena has lead to the OECD’s Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project to combat this harmful tax competition. This is the most groundbreaking change to the international tax treaty framework since the 1920s—that was initially set up to facilitate cross-border trade. This BEPS project has led to fundamental proposals—as a type of model law—to change the international tax system.

scholarly journals “Law and Order” vs. “Injustice and Defiance”: Al Jazeera and CNN Framing of the 2017 Temple Mount/Al Aqsa Mosque Crisis

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Amer Qasem ◽  
Adnan Bin Hussein
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Al Jazeera ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
News Sources ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Law ◽  
Temple Mount ◽  
The U.S

AbstractThis study compares between the performance of the U.S. and Arab mainstream media following the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. The textual coverage of the CNN and Al Jazeera of the 2017 Al Aqsa Mosque/Temple Mount Crisis is under examination through operationalizing Wolfsfeld’s (1997b) meta-frames. A set of reasoning and framing devices have been employed to identify the labelling of involved actors and committed actions, the degree of reliance and personalization of news sources, the victimization of casualties and the legitimization of violence. This study concludes that the Law and Order frame, which is communicated with the Israeli perspective is dominated in the related CNN coverage. On the other hand, the Injustice and Defiance frame that represents the Palestinian perspective has chiefly appeared in Al Jazeera related coverage. In the CNN, the Israeli actors and actions have been almost labelled positively in contrast with the Palestinian actors and actions that have been labelled in a negative manner. The degree of personalization and reliance on Israeli news sources is notably greater than the Palestinian ones. Likewise, the Israeli casualties have been remarkably victimized and individualized more than their counterparts. Moreover, the Israeli violence and killing have been legitimized, whereas the Palestinian similar actions have been criminalized. Almost the opposite has been found in Al Jazeera related coverage.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF THE PANDEMIC COVID-19 ON THE STATE OF INTERNATIONAL POLITICS AND SECURITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 238-246
Author(s):  
Loc Thi Thuy
Keyword(s):  
International Politics ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Global Powers

From the beginning of the year 2020 until now, the Covid-19 pandemic has heavily, deeply and comprehensively impacted the state of international politics and security in both positive and negative directions. On one hand, the pandemic has encouraged nations to strengthen cooperation in order to effectively deal with the risks that it brought; on the other hand, it has contributed to a rise in competition as well as opposition between countries and global powers alike, especially between the U.S. and China, in multiple politics and security-related issues. In the coming times, the state of international politics and security is predicted to witness many changes, especially in the context where the U.S. is highly expected to adjust its policies. For this text, the writer will place an emphasis on providing in-depth analysis on the negative impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on the state of international politics and security, and therefore provide commentary on the trends of the state of international politics and security in the coming times.

SRS Observations: Future US Naval Observatory Meridian Programs

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 497-501
Author(s):  
J. A. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Naval Observatory ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
The U.S

The purpose of these brief remarks is twofold; on the one hand it is to inform you of the activities and plans at the U.S. Naval Observatory (USNO), and on the other hand to make a few comments regarding our mutual astrometric interests.

The Political and Strategic impacts of the U.S. Advantage at Sea 2020 for the Brazilian Maritime Domain

2021 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 01-09
Author(s):  
Bruno Carvalho ◽  
Jéssica Barreto ◽  
Victor Gaspar ◽  
Ana Carolina Farias
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
English Version ◽  
The Third ◽  
Naval Power ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Maritime Strategy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

This the English version of our latest report on the document "U.S Advantage at Sea: Prevailing with Integrated All-Domain Naval Power (USAS)". Our main goal was to briefly indicate the impact of this document on Brazil, both politically and strategically. We contextualise the U.S strategic maritime documents since the 9/11 attacks, highlight the main concepts of the current USAS and elaborate on the consequences for Brazil. Our key finding was that, from a political standpoint, the USAS brings challenges to Brazil when qualifying enemies such as Russia and China. On the other hand, the focus on interoperability and new technologies might contribute to Brazil’s future maritime strategy. This brief analysis is divided into three parts: the first intends to contextualise the U.S strategic maritime documents since the 9/11 attacks; the second aims to summarize the USAS’ most relevant concepts for Brazil’s Sea Power, and the third part elaborates on the overall consequences for Brazil.

Seyed Mohammad Marandi on Schatz and Shorbagy

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Alternative Form ◽  
American Empire ◽  
Image Construction ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sharp Criticism ◽  
The U.S

This essay draws on Chomsky, and notes that for many people the term “anti-Americanism” works like a tool preventing criticism of the U.S. It argues that the term frames the narrative and helps depict sharp criticism of the U.S. as irrational and excessive. Hence, this essay appreciates Shorbagy’s statement that anti-Americanism has played a huge role in fusing the forces that became “Kefaya,” and that this Egyptian movement represents an alternative form of resistance to American empire, and yet he argues that these statements could be interpreted quite differently by different people. Marandi argues that Schatz, on the other hand, seems to believe that anti-Americanism is indeed irrational and that those who are anti-American actually blame the U.S. for problems that have little to do with America. Marandi argues that there is a big difference between the two essays, that Schatz stresses image construction while Shorbagy insists that it is U.S. policies toward the region that constitute the fundamental problem. Marandi also sees Shorbagy’s essay as stating that anti-Americanism is widespread in the region and, thereby, contradicting Schatz.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document