Electroencephalogram utilization and psychiatric comorbidities among children and adolescents with epilepsy in rural Southwestern Uganda

2022 ◽  
pp. 009121742110581
Author(s):  
Joseph Kirabira ◽  
Godfrey Z Rukundo ◽  
Moses Kibuuka
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidities ◽  
Eeg Abnormalities ◽  
Interictal Eeg ◽  
Eeg Recordings ◽  
Southwestern Uganda ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

Objective This study aimed at describing routine electroencephalogram (EEG) findings among children and adolescents with a clinical diagnosis of epilepsy and determines how interictal EEG abnormalities vary with the psychiatric comorbidities. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among children and adolescents with epilepsy aged 5–18 years receiving care from a regional referral hospital in Southwestern Uganda. Psychiatric comorbidities were assessed using an adapted parent version of Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory-5. Thirty-minute EEG samples were taken from routine EEG recordings that were locally performed and remotely interpreted for all participants. Results Of the 140 participants, 71 (50.7%) had normal EEG findings and 51 (36.4%) had epileptiform abnormalities while 18 (12.9%) had non-epileptiform. Of those who had epileptiform abnormalities on EEG, 23 (45.1%) were focal, 26 (51.0%) were generalized, and 2 (3.9%) were focal with bilateral spread. There was no significant association between the different psychiatric comorbidities and the interictal EEG abnormalities. Conclusions Among children and adolescents with a clinical diagnosis of epilepsy in Southwestern Uganda, only 36% showed epileptiform abnormalities on their EEG recordings. There was no association between the interictal EEG abnormalities and psychiatric comorbidities.

Epilepsy and Sleep in the ATR-X Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra van Mierlo ◽  
Hilde Braakman ◽  
Nele Vandenbussche ◽  
Helenius Jurgen Schelhaas ◽  
Sigrid Pillen
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eeg Abnormalities ◽  
Epileptic Discharges ◽  
Eeg Recordings

Abstract Background This study explores the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and treatment of epilepsy and sleep disorders in α thalassemia mental retardation (ATR-X) syndrome. Design In this cross-sectional study, 37 participants with ATR-X syndrome aged 1.8 to 44 years were studied using a customized epilepsy questionnaire, review of electroencephalography (EEG) findings, the modified Sleep Questionnaire of Simonds and Parraga and 2-week sleep diary. Results Eleven participants had a clinical diagnosis of generalized epilepsy (29.7%). Seizure types were generalized tonic-clonic seizures, absences, and myoclonia. Interictal EEG recordings in participants with GTCS showed no epileptic discharges in 78%. Similarly, EEG recordings during myoclonia and absences often demonstrated no epileptic discharges. Sleep problems (difficulty falling or maintaining sleep, and early awakening) were reported in 70%. Participants with reported sleep problems went to bed earlier (p = 0.027) and had a lower sleep efficiency (p < 0.01) than participants without sleep problems, but as a group they both had a sufficient total sleep time (9 hours and 52 minutes vs. 10 hours and 55 minutes). Sixteen participants (43.2) used medication to improve sleep (predominantly melatonin n = 10), being effective in only two. Conclusion One-third of participants with ATR-X syndrome had a clinical diagnosis of epilepsy, but the absence of EEG abnormalities in suspected epileptic seizures questions this diagnosis in these patients. EEG recording during seizure like symptoms is warranted before making an epilepsy diagnosis. Seventy percent experienced sleep problems, although total sleep time was normal in most participants. Long bedtimes might have a negative influence on sleep efficiency.

Brief Overview and Experience of Visual Evoked Potential of First 67 cases at Referral Neuroscience Hospital in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Mohammad Enayet Hussain ◽  
Bithi Debnath ◽  
AFM Al Masum Khan ◽  
Md Ferdous Mian ◽  
Md Nahidul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pattern Reversal ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Visual Evoked

Background: The visual evoked potentials (VEP) is a valuable tool to document occult lesions of the central visual channels especially within the optic nerve. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to observe the findings of first few cases of VEP done in the neurophysiology department of the National Institute of Neurosciences (NINS), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Neurophysiology at the National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from September 2017 to March 2020. All patients referred to the Neurophysiology Department of NINS for VEP were included. Pattern reversal VEPs were done using standard protocol set by International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology (IFCN). Results: The mean age of the study population was 30.70 (±12.11) years (6-68 years) with 31 (46.3%) male and 36 (53.7%) female patients. The mean duration of illness was 8.71 (±1.78) months (3 days- 120 months). Most common presenting symptom was blurring of vision (37.3%) and dimness of vision (32.8%). Patterned VEP revealed mixed type (both demyelinating and axonal) of abnormality in most cases [29(43.35)]. The most common clinical diagnosis was multiple sclerosis (29.85%) and optic neuropathy (26.87%). In the clinically suspected cases of multiple sclerosis, optic neuropathy and optic neuritis most of the cases of VEP were abnormal and the p value is 0.04 in optic neuropathy and optic neuritis. Conclusion: The commonest presentation of the patients in this series were blurring of vision and dimness of vision. The most common clinical diagnosis for which VEP was asked for, was optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis. Most abnormalities were of mixed pattern (demyelinating and axonal). Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2020;6(2): 74-77

scholarly journals Religion: Interrelationships and Opinions in Children and Adolescents. Interaction between Age and Beliefs

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Rafael López Cordero ◽  
Francisca Ruiz Garzón ◽  
Lourdes Medina Martínez ◽  
María del Carmen Olmos-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Religious Issue ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

The current trend of secularization seems to be leading to a gradual withdrawal of religion from public spaces. However, in an increasingly internationalized world, it is becoming more and more important to study the roles of religion and religiosity and their potential in relation to dialogue and social conflicts and tensions. Education is a vital field within which to address this religious issue and create an educational dialogue in order to promote coexistence. By following a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, based on a quasi-experimental methodology with a social–analytical character, our aim is to assess the existing connections between religion, interrelation and opinion in Spanish children and adolescents. Special attention is paid to the interaction between age and beliefs. We carried out our study with the use of a questionnaire distributed to eleven secondary schools, with students aged between 11 and 16 years old, in three regions of southern Spain (Andalusia, Ceuta, and Melilla) characterized by high religious diversity and multiculturalism. The multivariate analysis carried out in this study identifies the effects of variance on the influence of age and religion, highlighting the interaction between the two. It is observed that the youngest students are those who express their opinions about religion the least, while those belonging to younger age groups and majority religions are those who express a greater religious coexistence, with Muslims externalizing their religious condition the most.

scholarly journals Comparing self-perceived global self-esteem and physical self-esteem among children and adolescents in Southeastern Sweden, investigated in 2000 and 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Raustorp ◽  
Andreas Fröberg
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Grade 8

AbstractObjectivesTo compare self-perceived global self-esteem (GSE) and physical self-esteem (PSE) among children and adolescents aged 11 and 14 years in Southeastern Sweden, investigated in 2000 and 2017.MethodsThe present study consists of two independent cross-sectional study-cohorts from Southeastern Sweden, investigated in 2000 and 2017. The same protocol, procedures, and instruments were used in 2000 and 2017. In October 2000, data for self-perceived GSE and PSE, and anthropometry were collected from 11-years old children (Grade 5) (n=74) and 14-years old adolescents (Grade 8) (n=84). In October 2017, children (n=186) and adolescents (n=140) from the same grade-levels, schools and classrooms provided data for the same variables as in 2000. GSE and PSE were assessed with the Children and Youth Physical Self-Perception Profile (CY-PSPP).ResultsSelf-perceived GSE was higher in 2017 as compared to 2000 among both 11-years old boys (p<0.001) and girls (p<0.001) and 14-years old boys (p=0.008) and girls (p<0.001). Similarly, self-perceived PSE was higher in 2017 as compared to 2000 among both 11-years old boys (p<0.001) and girls (p=0.023) and 14-years old boys (p=0.025) and girls (p=0.002).ConclusionsSelf-perceived GSE and PSE among children and adolescents aged 11 and 14 years in Southeastern Sweden were higher in 2017 as compared to 2000. These results are not in agreement with the increased psychological ill-health as being reported among children and adolescents during the last decade in Sweden.

Pathological Study of Stillbirths Placentas at Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S22-S23
Author(s):  
A E Malango
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Consensus Statement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Pathological Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Placenta Pathology

Abstract Introduction/Objective Stillbirth is defined as fetal death that occurs at gestational age of ≥28 weeks. In our setting clinical assessment is the only method used to determine cause of stillbirths, with no reported proportion of unknown clinical diagnosis. Studies showed that unknown cause of stillbirths can be reduced by examination of placenta. Causal identification aids in the mourning process and identifying recurrence risks. The study aimed to describe pathological changes in the placentas of stillbirths which have risk to cause fetal death Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study done for the period of 6 months, it involved examination of 80 placentas of stillbirths born at gestational age of ≥ 28 weeks, placentas were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for 8–12 hours. Grossing and interpretation of placenta pathology was according to Amsterdam Placental Workshop Group Consensus Statement. Results Out of 80 stillbirths, 32(40%) had unknown clinical diagnosis. Majority of stillbirth placentas 71(91%) found with either one or combined pathologies with the risk to cause stillbirth. Maternal vascular malperfusion was the commonest pathology and was significantly associated with preterm stillbirths. Maternal floor infarction, a placenta pathology with risk to cause fetal death and high risk of recurrence was among the pathologies found, was seen in 4(5%) of stillbirth placentas. Conclusion Findings in this study clearly indicated the importance of pathological examination of placenta in determining cause of stillbirth. Placenta examination in stillbirths can identify more pathology related to stillbirths than clinical assessment alone.

scholarly journals Migration, family dysfunction and psychotic symptoms in children and adolescents

2005 ◽  
Vol 186 (5) ◽  
pp. 442-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis R. Patino ◽  
Jean-Paul Selten ◽  
Herman van Engeland ◽  
Jan H. M. Duyx ◽  
René S. Kahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Family Dysfunction ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Migration History ◽  
And Migration

SummaryA cross-sectional study of 3426 referred children and adolescents showed that the presence of both migration history and family dysfunction was associated with a fourfold (95% CI 2–9) higher risk of psychotic symptoms compared with the absence of these factors. The relative risk was 2 (95% CI 1–4) for migration history only. Interaction between migration history and family dysfunction accounted for 58% (95% CI 5–91%) of those with psychotic symptoms. These results suggest a relationship between family dysfunction and migration in the development of psychosis.

scholarly journals Design of a cross-sectional study on physical fitness and physical activity in children and adolescents after burn injury

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurien M Disseldorp ◽  
Leonora J Mouton ◽  
Tim Takken ◽  
Marco Van Brussel ◽  
Gerard IJM Beerthuizen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional
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