Who's in the Driver's Seat? Exploring Firm-Level vs. CEO-Level Effects on Problemistic Search

2021 ◽  
pp. 014920632110638
Author(s):  
Songcui Hu ◽  
Richard J. Gentry ◽  
Timothy J. Quigley ◽  
Steven Boivie
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Organizational Outcomes ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Managerial Agency

The Behavioral Theory of the Firm suggests that performance below an aspiration triggers problemistic search that can lead to organizational change and risk-taking. This compelling perspective has spawned considerable empirical examination of diverse strategic outcomes as firms’ responses to performance feedback. However, empirical studies have provided inconsistent evidence of problemistic search effects on various organizational search outcomes. This empirical controversy is likely attributed to the fact that most research has considered problemistic search as a firm-level and relatively routinized process with a high degree of automaticity in firms’ responses to performance feedback while overlooking the role of managerial agency. Rather than viewing problemistic search as an automatic firm-level process, we believe that behavioral responses are shaped, at least partially, by top executives, notably CEOs. To this end, we first examine whether problemistic search effects vary across a range of organizational change and risk outcomes. We then explore whether the relative size of firm and CEO effects varies across different search outcomes. Using a multilevel approach, we show not only the heterogeneity in problemistic search effects on different organizational outcomes but also heterogeneity in the relative size of firm and CEO effects on these outcomes. While firm effects are substantial in directing some strategic decisions, as proposed by the problemistic search model, CEO effects are large for certain organizational outcomes, such as changes in resource allocation. This study serves as a jumping-off point for future theorizing and empirical work on problemistic search that incorporate the role of managerial agency.

The Role of Natural Disaster Insurance in Recovery and Risk Reduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 399-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Kousky
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Hazard Mitigation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Disaster Insurance

Natural disaster losses have been increasing worldwide. Insurance is thought to play a critical role in improving resilience to these events by both promoting recovery and providing incentives for investments in hazard mitigation. This review first examines the functioning of disaster insurance markets broadly and then turns to reviewing empirical studies on the role of natural disaster insurance in recovery and the impacts of disaster insurance on incentives for ex ante hazard mitigation and land use. Rigorous empirical work on these topics is limited. The work that has been done suggests that insurance coverage does improve recovery outcomes, but impacts on risk reduction may be modest. More studies comparing outcomes across insured and uninsured properties are needed, particularly for better understanding the role of insurance in climate adaptation.

Crime victims’ self-medication

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willem de Lint ◽  
Marinella Marmo ◽  
Andrew Groves ◽  
Adam Pocrnic
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Network Support ◽  
Supplementary Hypothesis ◽  
Alcohol And Other Drugs

While considerable literature has explored the complex nature of victimisation, few empirical studies have examined the role of alcohol and other drugs (AODs) in victims’ experiences, specifically victims’ self-medication using AODs and its impact on ongoing health and welfare needs. Addressing the dearth of empirical research on the nature and extent of victims’ self-medication, and drawing upon quantitative data from a survey ( n = 102) of victims from Adelaide, South Australia this article explores individuals’ experiences of victimisation and AOD use against type of victimisation, type of peer support network and type of consumption. The findings indicate support for the self-medication for trauma hypothesis, namely that victimisation is positively associated with considerable increase in AOD consumption. On the other hand, there is a lack of support for the supplementary hypothesis that network support is associated with victimisation/re-victimisation. The authors demonstrate that further empirical work is needed to deepen understanding of victims’ AOD use and expedite the development of evidence-based policy and support frameworks.

Attenuating international financial shocks: the role of capital controls

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chokri Zehri
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Capital Controls ◽  
Capital Inflows ◽  
Monetary Shocks ◽  
Financial Shocks ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Exchange Rate Shocks

PurposeBy reinforcing monetary policy independence, reducing international financing pressures and avoiding high-risk takings, capital controls strengthen the stability of the financial system and then reduce the volatility of capital inflows. The objective of this study was to conduct an empirical examination of this hypothesis. This topic has received strong support in the theoretical literature; however, empirical work has been quite limited, with few empirical studies that provide direct empirical support to this hypothesis.Design/methodology/approachThis study analyzed quarterly data of 32 emerging economies over the period between 2000 and 2015 and proposes two methods to identify capital control actions. Using panel analysis, Autoregressive Distributed Lag and local projections approaches.FindingsThis study found that tighter capital controls may diminish monetary and exchange rate shocks and reduce capital inflows volatility. Furthermore, capital controls respond counter-cyclically to monetary shocks. Under capital controls, countries with floating exchange rate regimes have more potential to buffer monetary shocks. We also found that capital controls on inflows are more effective for reducing the volatility of capital inflows compared to capital controls on outflows.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the question of the effectiveness of capital controls in attenuating the effects of international shocks and reducing the volatility of capital flows. Previous studies have mostly focused on the role of macroprudential regulation; however, there is a lack of systematic effects of capital controls on monetary and exchange rate policies. To our knowledge, this is the first preliminary study to suggest that capital controls may buffer monetary and exchange rate shocks and reduce the volatility of capital inflows. This study investigates the novel notion that capital controls allow for a notable counter-cyclical response of monetary and exchange rate policies to international financial shocks.

The dual nature of tools and their makeover

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Functional Fixedness ◽  
Stable Function ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Functional Knowledge

AbstractVaesen argues that functional knowledge differentiates humans from non-human primates. However, the rationale he provides for this position is open to question – with respect to both the underlying theoretical assumptions and inferences drawn from certain empirical studies. Indeed, there is some recent empirical work that suggests that functional fixedness is not necessarily uniquely human. I also question the central role of stable function representations in Vaesen's account of tool production and use.

Internationalization, Innovation, and Productivity

2018 ◽  
pp. 436-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Cassiman ◽  
Elena Golovko
Keyword(s):  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Firm Internationalization ◽  
Internationalization Strategies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Economics Research

International economics research has emphasized the role of trade—imports and exports—as an important mechanism for technology flows and innovation across borders and a source of productivity growth both at the country and firm level. Empirical studies primarily have focused on understanding the relationship between exports and productivity at the firm level. Recent research has started to investigate the link between international trade and firm-level innovation activity more broadly. This chapter focuses on the complex relationship between firm internationalization strategies and their innovation behavior and links these to productivity as a measure of firm performance. In particular, it focuses on the dynamic relationship between imports, innovation, and exports, and highlights several fruitful avenues for advancing this research agenda.

FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY LICENSING AND FIRM INNOVATION IN ASEAN: THE MODERATING ROLE OF EMPLOYEE TRAINING AND R&D

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
DUNG NGUYEN-VAN ◽  
CHIA-HUA CHANG
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Employee Training ◽  
Ordinal Regression ◽  
Technology Licensing ◽  
Foreign Technology ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Firm Innovation ◽  
Ordinal Regression Model ◽  
Research Stream

The study investigates the role of foreign technology licensing and the moderating effects of employee training and research and development (R&D) on the foreign technology licensing–innovation relationship in Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN). This research focus is important because prior works on this research stream tend to concentrate on large economies such as China, while little has been done to examine this issue at the firm level in the ASEAN context. Moreover, no empirical studies to date have investigated the moderating effect of employee training, as a proxy for absorptive capacity, on the foreign technology licensing–firm innovation relationship. The study utilizes several novel ordinal regression models to address some popular limitations of the standard ordinal regression model. In addition, the propensity score matching (PSM) method is utilized to account for the endogeneity problem. The study is based on data from the Enterprise Surveys conducted by the World Bank in 2015–2016. The empirical results reveal that foreign technology licensing is positively associated with innovation at a higher degree of radicalness. Furthermore, both employee training and R&D positively moderate the foreign technology licensing–innovation relationship.

scholarly journals Theoretical Review of Turnaround Strategy and Its Organizational Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Kenneth Ateng’ Nyagiloh ◽  
James M. Kilika
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Corporate Performance ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Organizational Outcomes ◽  
Organizational Characteristics ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Management Literature ◽  
Corporate Level ◽  
Limited Scope

Strategic management literature has recognized the role of turnaround strategy in the management process as a critical strategy at the corporate level. Researches done on turnaround strategy and corporate performance have however been biased with respect to limited scope in terms of the dimensions of performance as well as the challenges in methodology and conceptualization that affect the generalization of the study findings. This paper undertakes a review of the extant literature on the conceptual, theoretical and empirical work that brings about a number of issues for use in presenting a case for the new theoretical model that is suitable for extension of the current understanding of deployment of turnaround strategy and the ultimate results. The paper suggests an integrated theoretical framework for use in linking turnaround strategy and corporate performance while recognizing the significance of the role of organizational turnaround-based learned experiences and organizational characteristics.

Not If, But How CEOs Affect Product Innovation: A Systematic Review and Research Agenda

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (03) ◽  
pp. 1930001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Back ◽  
Andreas Bausch
Keyword(s):  
Product Innovation ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Corporate Leaders ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

While scholars have long emphasized the role of firms’ CEOs in shaping innovation outcomes, the question of underlying mechanisms remains widely unanswered. In light of this, we stress that the relationship between organizational aspects (e.g. resource allocation or culture) and product innovation should not mark the end of an intellectual quest. Instead, these enablers are also particularly contingent upon the corporate leaders. Based on 81 empirical studies, we reveal the impact of CEO characteristics (demographics, personality, and cognition) and leadership on firm-level variables that enable product innovation. Finally, we outline fruitful avenues for future research and provide managerial implications.

The Impact of Market Knowledge Competence on New Product Advantage: Conceptualization and Empirical Examination

1998 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiger Li ◽  
Roger J. Calantone
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
New Product ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Market Knowledge ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Concept Definition ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Although the role of market knowledge competence in enhancing new product advantage is assumed widely in the literature, empirical studies are lacking because of an absence of the concept definition. In this study, the authors conceptualize market knowledge competence as the processes that generate and integrate market knowledge. The authors test the conceptual model using data collected from the software industry. The findings show that each of the three processes of market knowledge competence exerts a positive influence on new product advantage. The results also reveal a positive association between new product advantage and product market performance. The findings regarding the antecedents indicate that the perceived importance of market knowledge by top management has the largest impact on the processes of market knowledge competence.

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