Construct validity of the enfranchisement scale of the community participation indicators

Objective: This study examined the construct validity of the Enfranchisement scale of the Community Participation Indicators. Design: We conducted a secondary analysis of data collected in a cross-sectional study of rehabilitation outcomes. Subjects: The parent study included 604 community-dwelling adults with chronic traumatic brain injury, stroke, or spinal cord injury. The sample had a mean age of 64.1 years, was two-thirds male, and included a high proportion of racial minorities ( n = 250, 41.4%). Main measures: The Enfranchisement scale contains two subscales: the Control subscale and the Importance subscale. We examined correlations between each Enfranchisement subscale and measures of participation, environment, and impairments. The current analyses included cases with at least 80% of items completed on each subscale (Control subscale: n = 391; Importance subscale: n = 219). Missing values were imputed using multiple imputation. Results: The sample demonstrated high scores, indicating poor enfranchisement (Control subscale: M = 51.7; Importance subscale: M = 43.0). Both subscales were most strongly associated with measures of participation (Control subscale: r = 0.56; Importance subscale: r = 0.52), and least strongly associated with measures of cognition (Control subscale: r = 0.03; Importance subscale: r = 0.03). The Importance subscale was closely associated with depression ( r = 0.54), and systems, services, and policies ( r = 0.50). Both subscales were associated with social attitudes (Control subscale: r = 0.44; Importance subscale: r = 0.44) and social support (Control subscale: r = 0.49; Importance subscale: r = 0.41). Conclusions: We found evidence of convergent validity between the Enfranchisement scale and measures of participation, and discriminant validity between the Enfranchisement scale and measures of disability-related impairments. The analyses also revealed the importance of the environment to enfranchisement outcomes.

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Nutrition Literacy and Healthy Diet: Findings from the Validation of a Short Seniors-Oriented Screening Tool, the Spanish Myths-NL

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182212107 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (22) ◽

pp. 12107

Author(s):

Elena Lobo ◽

María Tamayo ◽

Teresa Sanclemente

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Screening Tool ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Healthy Diet ◽

Face Validity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Test Retest Reliability

A good level of nutrition literacy (NL) is proposed as a determinant factor for following a healthy diet. Improving seniors’ NL might be particularly pertinent to enhance the quality of their diets. This study aimed to systematically design and validate a short seniors-oriented questionnaire as a screening tool to evaluate NL. We developed the Myths-NL questionnaire, composed of 10 widespread nutrition myths, and checked for its content and face validity. An observational cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the validity and the test–retest reliability, involving a community-dwelling group of 316 individuals aged 65 years and over. Construct validity was proved by establishing both discriminant and convergent validity. Cronbach α = 0.61 and Spearman r = 0.79 (p = 0.02) demonstrated internal consistency and test–retest reliability. Participants who had secondary/university studies scored significantly higher compared with those with primary (p < 0.001), and a significant linear relationship (R2 = 0.044, p = 0.001) with a positive slope (β = 0.209) between Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) and Myths-NL scores was observed, proving construct validity. In conclusion, the Myths-NL questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool to screen NL in Spanish seniors and it might be useful as an assessment NL tool for designing and implementing lifestyle interventions to promote healthy eating.

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Polish Validation of the SarQoL®, a Quality of Life Questionnaire Specific to Sarcopenia

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm7100323 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 323 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jerzy Konstantynowicz ◽

Pawel Abramowicz ◽

Wojciech Glinkowski ◽

Ewa Taranta ◽

Ludmila Marcinowicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Practical Reasons ◽

Life Questionnaire ◽

Translation Process ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Coefficient Corrélation

Recently, SarQoL® (Sarcopenia and Quality of Life), a quality of life (QoL) questionnaire specific to sarcopenia, was successfully developed. For practical reasons, there is a great interest in validating this questionnaire in other populations. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to translate and adjust the SarQoL® into Polish and to standardize the validity of this method for the assessment of sarcopenic individuals in Poland with regard to psychometric properties. The English version was used for the translation process. A total of 106 community-dwelling Caucasian subjects aged 73.3 ± 5.94 years (65.1% females) were studied, with 60 participants being diagnosed sarcopenic. The translation and cross-cultural adaptation was carried out in five phases according to specific standard guidelines. There were no major linguistic issues in the translation process. The data confirmed a good discriminant validity, i.e., significantly lower scores for all domains (reduced global QoL in sarcopenic subjects compared to non-sarcopenic ones; 54.9 ± 16.5 vs. 63.3 ± 17.1, p = 0.013), and high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.92). The significant correlation of the SarQoL® scores with those of other questionnaires (SF-36v2® Health Survey and EuroQoL-5-Dimension) that are supposed to have similar dimensions indicated the consistent construct validity of the SarQoL®-PL questionnaire. No floor/ceiling effects were found. An excellent agreement was found between the test and the re-test (intraclass coefficient correlation (ICC): 0.99). The first Polish version of the SarQoL® questionnaire is valid and consistent and therefore may be used with reliability for clinical and research purposes regarding QoL assessment of sarcopenic individuals. However, further research, in particular prospective studies, is needed to determine potential limitations and the suitability of the new tool for the Polish scenario and specificity.

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The Italian Validation of the Level of Exposure-Dental Experiences Questionnaire

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10031143 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 1143 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cristiano Scandurra ◽

Roberta Gasparro ◽

Pasquale Dolce ◽

Vincenzo Bochicchio ◽

Benedetta Muzii ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Convergent Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Dental Treatment ◽

Factor Model ◽

Dental Anxiety ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dental Patients ◽

Italian Sample

The aim of this monocentric cross-sectional study was to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of the Italian version of the Level of Exposure-Dental Experiences Questionnaire (LOE-DEQ) in an Italian sample of 253 dental patients ranging from 18–80 years of age. The LOE-DEQ assesses 16 potential dental distressing experiences and 7 general traumatic life events through 4 subscales: (1) dentists’ behaviour and patients’ emotions (DBPE); (2) distressing dental procedures (DDP); (3) other distressing dental events (ODDE); and (4) general traumatic events (GTE). Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the original 4-factor model had adequate fit to the data obtained from the Italian sample. Criterion validity was partially confirmed as only DBPE and DDP positively correlated with dental anxiety. Similarly, convergent validity was also partially confirmed as DBPE, DDP, and ODDE correlated with negative beliefs towards the dentist and the dental treatment. Discriminant validity was fully confirmed, as all correlations were below 0.60. Finally, DDP was the factor most associated with high dental anxiety. This study offers evidence of the reliability and validity of the LOE-DEQ in the Italian context, providing Italian researchers and dentists with a tool to assess dental and general distressing experiences in dental patients.

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Construct Validity and Reliability of the Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale for American, Japanese, and Korean Women

Research and Theory for Nursing Practice ◽

10.1891/1541-6577.31.4.349 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 349-363

Author(s):

Denise M. Saint Arnault ◽

Moonhee Gang ◽

Seoyoon Woo

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Help Seeking ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Item Analysis ◽

The United States ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Cross Sectional

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale (BMI) across women from the United States, Japan, and South Korea. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed. The sample was 564 women aged 21–64 years old who were recruited in the United States and Korea (American = 127, Japanese immigrants in the United States = 204, and Korean = 233). We carried out item analysis, construct validity by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and internal consistency using SPSS Version 22 and AMOS Version 22. Results: An acceptable model fit for a 20-item BMI (Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale–Revised [BMI-R]) with 3 factors was confirmed using CFA. Construct validity of the BMI-R showed to be all acceptable; convergent validity (average variance extracted [AVE] ≥0.5, construct reliability [CR] ≥0.7) and discriminant validity (r = .65–.89, AVE >.79). The Cronbach’s alpha of the BMI-R was .92. Conclusion: These results showed that the BMI was a reliable tool to study beliefs about mental illness across cultures. Our findings also suggested that continued efforts to reduce stigma in culturally specific contexts within and between countries are necessary to promote help-seeking for those suffering from psychological distress.

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The Convergent Validity of the electronic Frailty Index (eFI) with the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS)

Geriatrics ◽

10.3390/geriatrics5040088 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 88 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Antoinette Broad ◽

Ben Carter ◽

Sara Mckelvie ◽

Jonathan Hewitt

Keyword(s):

Convergent Validity ◽

Frailty Index ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Paired Data ◽

Clinical Frailty Scale ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Frailty Status ◽

Regional Community ◽

Community Dwelling Older People

Background: Different scales are being used to measure frailty. This study examined the convergent validity of the electronic Frailty Index (eFI) with the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Method: The cross-sectional study recruited patients from three regional community nursing teams in the South East of England. The CFS was rated at recruitment, and the eFI was extracted from electronic health records (EHRs). A McNemar test of paired data was used to compare discordant pairs between the eFI and the CFS, and an exact McNemar Odds Ratio (OR) was calculated. Findings: Of 265 eligible patients consented, 150 (57%) were female, with a mean age of 85.6 years (SD = 7.8), and 78% were 80 years and older. Using the CFS, 68% were estimated to be moderate to severely frail, compared to 91% using the eFI. The eFI recorded a greater degree of frailty than the CFS (OR = 5.43, 95%CI 3.05 to 10.40; p < 0.001). This increased to 7.8 times more likely in men, and 9.5 times in those aged over 80 years. Conclusions: This study found that the eFI overestimates the frailty status of community dwelling older people. Overestimating frailty may impact on the demand of resources required for further management and treatment of those identified as being frail.

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Screening to Assessment Pathways in Evaluating Functional Cognition in Older Adults

OTJR Occupation Participation and Health ◽

10.1177/15394492211021851 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 153944922110218

Author(s):

Timothy S. Marks ◽

Gordon M. Giles ◽

Muhammad O. Al-Heizan ◽

Dorothy F. Edwards

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Assessment ◽

Screening Test ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Screening Tests ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Identification of functional cognitive deficits can facilitate intervention to improve outcomes among older adults. We aimed to determine if impairments on screening tests of cognition are associated with deficits in performance on a more extensive functional cognitive assessment. Using a cross-sectional study design we administered the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Mini-Cog, the Menu Task, and Weekly Calendar Planning Activity (WCPA) to a convenience sample of 277 community-dwelling older adults (55–93 years old). We created impaired and unimpaired groups using an established cut-off score for each screening test and compared each group on WCPA scores. The WCPA scores that demonstrated significant differences across screening measures were: Accuracy, Efficiency, Strategies, Rules, and Appointments Entered. Effect sizes for the WCPA scores Accuracy and Efficiency were large. Each screening test demonstrated discriminant validity on select WCPA scores and appear to be appropriate for use as screening tests of functional cognition.

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Dental Fear Survey: A Cross-Sectional Study Evaluating the Psychometric Properties of the Brazilian Portuguese Version

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/725323 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Maurício Antônio Oliveira ◽

Miriam Pimenta Vale ◽

Cristiane Baccin Bendo ◽

Saul Martins Paiva ◽

Júnia Maria Serra-Negra

Keyword(s):

Psychometric Properties ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Brazilian Portuguese ◽

Dental Fear ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Brazilian Version ◽

Belo Horizonte

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Dental Fear Survey (DFS), previously translated to the Brazilian Portuguese language and validated.Methods. A cross-sectional study with 1,256 undergraduates from the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, was carried out. The DFS and a questionnaire about previous dental experiences were self-administered. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, principal components analysis (PCA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), internal consistency and test-retest reliability, and construct, discriminant, and convergent validity.Results. PCA identified a three-factor structure. CFA confirmed the multidimensionality of the Brazilian version of the DFS. A modified model of the Brazilian version of the DFS fits better than the hypothesized model. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the total DFS scale was 0.95.Conclusion. The DFS demonstrated acceptable construct validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. These results supported the reliability and validity of the DFS among Brazilian undergraduates.

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Community participation of community dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10592-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Claire Gough ◽

Lucy K. Lewis ◽

Christopher Barr ◽

Anthony Maeder ◽

Stacey George

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Social Interactions ◽

Community Participation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Self Report ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background With the advancing age of the population, and increasing demands on healthcare services, community participation has become an important consideration for healthy ageing. Low levels of community participation have been linked to increased mortality and social isolation. The extent to which community participation has been measured objectively in older adults remains scarce. This study aims to describe where and how older adults participate in the community and determine the feasibility of measurement methods for community participation. Methods This observational cross-sectional study obtained data from 46 community dwelling older adults. A combination of Global Positioning Systems (GPS), accelerometry, and self-reported diaries were used over a 7-day monitoring period. Feasibility of methods were determined by calculating the loss of GPS data, questionnaires, and comparison of self-reported locations with GPS co-ordinates. Relationships between community participation, physical activity, social interactions, health related quality of life, sleep quality and loneliness were explored. Results Older adults took a median (IQR) of 15 (9.25–18.75) trips out of home over the 7-day monitoring period, most frequently visiting commercial and recreational locations. In-home activities were mainly sedentary in nature, with out of home activities dependent on location type. Self-reported and GPS measures of trips out of home and the locations visited were significantly correlated (self-report 15.7 (5.6) GPS 14.4 (5.8) (r = 0.94)). Significant correlations between both the number of trips taken from home, with social interactions (r = 0.62) and the minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (r = 0.43) were observed. Daily MVPA was higher in participants who visited local walk/greenspaces (r = 0.48). Conclusion Participants performed more activities with social interactions out of home and visited commercial locations most frequently. The combination of GPS, accelerometry and self-report methods provided a detailed picture of community participation for older adults. Further research is required with older adults of varying health status to generalise the relationships between community participation, location and physical activity. Trial registration Ethical approval was gained from the Flinders University Social and Behavioural Research Ethics Committee (protocol no. 8176).

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Convergent and concurrent validity of a report- versus performance-based evaluation of everyday functioning in the diagnosis of cognitive disorders in a geriatric population

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610218000327 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (12) ◽

pp. 1837-1848 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elise Cornelis ◽

Ellen Gorus ◽

Karen Van Weverbergh ◽

Ingo Beyer ◽

Patricia De Vriendt

Keyword(s):

Concurrent Validity ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Cognitive Disorders ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Everyday Functioning ◽

Geriatric Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Discriminatory Accuracy ◽

Performance Based Evaluation

ABSTRACTBackground:Several methods have been developed to evaluate activities of daily living (ADLs) in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia. This study evaluated the convergent and concurrent validity between (1) two report-based methods (the advanced (a)- and instrumental (i)-ADL tools) and (2) a performance-based method (the Naturalistic Action Test (NAT)) to check if their ability to differentiate between cognitively healthy comparisons (HCs), persons with MCI, and persons with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) are comparable to each other.Method:This was a cross-sectional study, undertaken in a geriatric day hospital. The participants comprised community-dwelling HCs (n = 21, median age 78.0 years, 61.9% female), MCI (n = 20, median age 79.5 years, 55.0% female), and AD (n = 20, median age 80.0 years, 85.0% female) adults. A diagnostic procedure for neurocognitive disorders was employed. In addition, the a- and i-ADL tools and the NAT were administered separately by blinded raters.Results:The NAT and both the a- and i-ADL tools showed significant differences between HCs, MCI, and AD participants. Convergent validity showed moderate to strong significant correlations between the NAT, and a- and i-ADL tools (range −0.583 to −0.663; p < 0.01). Concurrent validity showed that the NAT (AUC 0.809–1.000) and the a- and i-ADL tools (AUC 0.739–0.964) presented comparable discriminatory accuracy (p = 0.0588).Conclusions:In contrast to prior studies comparing report-based and performance-based methods of assessing ADL, this study indicates that the NAT and the a- and i-ADL tools have strong convergent and concurrent validity, and appear to have similar discriminatory power in differentiating between HCs, MCI, and AD.

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FIN-TIERA: A Tool for Assessing Technology Induced Errors

Methods of Information in Medicine ◽

10.3414/me16-01-0097 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 56 (01) ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tuuli Pajunen ◽

Lasse Lehtonen ◽

Kaija Saranto ◽

Sari Palojoki

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Health Information ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Latent Variables ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hospital District

SummaryBackground: Due to the complexity of healthcare processes, the potential for Health Information Systems (HIS) to cause technology-induced errors is a growing concern. Health Information Technology (HIT) errors nearly always threaten good patient care and can lead to patient harm. Instruments to allow hospitals to proactively identify areas of Electronic Health Records (EHR) safety, to set priorities and to intervene before incidents occur are currently underdeveloped.Objectives: The aim was to design a Finnish questionnaire to measure EHR users’ perceptions of common EHR-related safety concerns in a specialized hospital district context through the lens of the theory of socio-technical dimensions. Moreover, the aim was to measure its reliability by assessing its internal consistency and validity, namely its content and construct validity.Methods: We constructed the instrument, based on the socio-technical theory and Sittig and Singh’s study findings, through a multi-stage process, and expert panels evaluated it to ensure its content validity. The final questionnaire consisted of eight error types to be assessed on a qualitative risk matrix scale. We used a cross-sectional design to test its psychometric properties. Application of the FIN-TIERA Questionnaire to a sample of 2864 clinicians in 2015 then served to evaluate the instrument’s reliability as well as its construct validity.Results: All eight multi-item scales showed high internal consistency (range α > 0.798-0.932 and CR 0.845-0.983). The average variance extracted (AVE) served to assess the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The results of the model fit with AGFI = .86, CFI = .898, RMSEA = .052, SRMR = .048 were deemed acceptable. For all factors, AVE yielded values > 0.5, which indicates adequate convergence and supports convergent validity. Discriminant validity was established for five out of a total of eight latent variables.Conclusions: FIN-TIERA is a new multi-dimensional instrument which may be a useful tool for assessing risk in EHR. Our testing shows its potential for use in-hospital settings: the involvement of EHR users demonstrated initial reliability and validity. Further research is recommended to assess the instrument’s psychometric properties.

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