scholarly journals Emergency craniotomy in patient with intracranial metastatic choriocarcinoma: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 030006052098772
Author(s):  
Tian-Jiao Zhang ◽  
Zhen Shen ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Jing Zhu ◽  
Yue-Bo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Metastasis ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Hydatidiform Mole ◽  
Cerebral Haemorrhage ◽  
Brain Herniation ◽  
Chemotherapy Treatment ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Brain Haemorrhage ◽  
Very High ◽  
Current Report

Choriocarcinoma is a highly malignant gynaecological tumour. This disease becomes life-threatening once brain haemorrhage or brain herniation occurs. Timely and accurate brain surgery can gain treatment time for patients that have a large number of cerebral haemorrhages and/or brain herniation. This current report describes a case of choriocarcinoma secondary to a hydatidiform mole in a 55-year-old woman that presented with neurological symptoms. Following admission to hospital, computed tomography examination found that lung and brain metastases were accompanied by cerebral haemorrhage. Cerebral hernia occurred during induction chemotherapy treatment and emergency surgery was performed. The patient recovered after individual chemotherapy and rehabilitation treatment. Patients with a very high risk of choriocarcinoma with brain metastasis should be referred to a comprehensive medical centre. Necessary surgical treatment and individualized chemotherapy can reduce the mortality of patients with choriocarcinoma brain metastasis.

scholarly journals Study of microbial flora in indwelling catheter, drains, CIVP lines and endotracheal tubes

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 469-471
Author(s):  
SB Pradhan ◽  
R Dhakhwa ◽  
CD Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
College Teaching ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Intravascular Catheter ◽  
Indwelling Catheter ◽  
Endotracheal Tubes ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Very High

Background: The use of indwelling devices like Urinary catheter, Drain tubes, Central intravascular catheter, endotracheal tubes has become routine practice in the medical field. Localized or systematic infection are frequent complications associated with extensive use of these devices, requiring its removal or may even be associated with life threatening consequences. Materials and Methods: Microbiological study was carried out among all the indwelling device samples received from 20th April 2011 to 19th April 2012 at Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital. Results: Out of total 205 samples (125 Foley’s catheters, 31 drain tubes, 29 central intravascular catheter lines and 20 endotracheal tubes) received during this study period, 38.4% urinary catheters, 23.33% drain tubes, 6.9% central intravascular catheter lines and 40.0% endotracheal tubes were found to have significant growth. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella were found to be the commonest organisms. Conclusion: The infection rates of indwelling devices used for various reasons are found to be very high. These infections have increased the morbidity and mortality of the hospitalized patients and also increased the duration of hospital stay. Thus aseptic measurements during insertion of these devices periodic change of these devices may help to overcome these complications. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v3i6.8995   Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2013) Vol. 3, 469-471

UNEXPLAINED DELIRIUM : THINK OF THYROID STORM

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
Soni Namita ◽  
Shruti A ◽  
Soni Anand ◽  
Nikalje A ◽  
Bharadwaj M
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Thyroid Storm ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Thyroid Medication ◽  
Malignant Arrhythmia ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Systemic Condition ◽  
Very High ◽  
Serum Tsh

Background: Thyroid storm is a life-threatening Endocrine emergency with an incidence rate of 1% to 2% all over the world. It is a systemic condition leading to increased production of Thyroid Hormone and its release leading to Thermoregulatory, Adrenergic, Neuropsychiatric, Cardiovascular, and Abdominal Manifestations. Thyroid storm with Malignant Arrhythmia and delirium both together is rare entity, but the mortality rate is very high. The presentation of Malignant Arrhythmias and delirium together in the initial phase of the disease is much less common with only a few isolated cases described in the scientic literature. Objective: To present a case in which a patient had two simultaneous complication of thyroid storm i.e. delirium and ventricular tachycardia. Case Study: We report a 65 years-year-old man who came with complaints of Diarrhea, Fever, Breathlessness and psychosis. His serum tsh was <0.015 and anti tpo antibodies was 83. He was diagnosed to be in Thyroid storm and later had complications including Ventricular Tachycardia and delirium in an undiagnosed case of Hyperthyroidism. He was started on anti thyroid medication and slowly as his condition improved he was discharged. Conclusion: Patients with Thyrotoxicosis need to be closely monitored for complications since its early diagnosis and treatment may save lives.

scholarly journals SEIZURES IN WOMEN WITH PREECLAMPSIA: MECHANISMS AND MANAGEMENT

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARILYN J CIPOLLA ◽  
RICHARD P KRAIG
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Western World ◽  
Brain Herniation ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Significant Life ◽  
Life Threatening

Eclampsia is defined in the obstetrical literature as the occurrence of unexplained seizure during pregnancy in a woman with preeclampsia. In the Western world, the incidence of eclampsia is ~1 per 2000 to 1 per 3000 pregnancies, but the incidence is 10-fold higher in tertiary referral centers and undeveloped countries where there is poor prenatal care, and in multi-fetal gestations. Nearly 1 in 50 women with eclampsia die as do 1 in 14 of their offspring, and mortality rates are considerably higher in undeveloped countries. Eclampsia is also associated with significant life-threatening complications, including neurological events. Seizure acutely can cause stroke, haemorrhage, oedema and brain herniation and thus lead to epilepsy and cognitive impairment later in life.

scholarly journals Reducing Ochratoxin A Content in Grape Pomace by Different Methods

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianmei Yu ◽  
Ivy N. Smith ◽  
Nona Mikiashvili
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Safety Issue ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Carboxypeptidase A ◽  
Thermal Pressure ◽  
Acid Type ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Very High

Grape pomace (GP) is the residue of grapes after wine making and is a valuable source of dietary polyphenol and fiber for health promotion. However, studies found the presence of ochratoxin A (OTA) in GP at very high concentrations, which raises a safety issue in the value-added utilization of GP. This study evaluated the effects of thermal pressure, baking, acid and enzymatic treatments on OTA content in GP. Thermal pressure treatment was conducted with wet GP at 121 °C for 10–30 min in an autoclave; acid treatments were conducted with hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, citric acid, and lactic acid, respectively, at 50 °C for 24 h. Baking was conducted using a cookie model. For enzymatic treatment, purified OTA solution was treated with carboxypeptidase A, alcalase, flavourzyme, pepsin, and lipase, respectively, and the effective enzymes were selected to treat GP. Results show that autoclaving for 10–30 min reduced 19–80% of OTA, varying with treatment time and GP variety. The effectiveness of acid treatment was similar to that of autoclaving and varied with acid type and GP variety. Baking increased the detectable OTA. Among all tested enzymes, carboxypeptidase A was the most effective in reducing OTA, followed by lipase and flavourzyme, but their effects were significantly lower in GP samples.

scholarly journals A patient with severe rhabdomyolysis and high levels of creatinine kinase had renal functions fully recovered after haemodialysis: a case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 030006051988810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang-Feng Tsai ◽  
Jun-Li Tsai ◽  
Cheng-Hsu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Blood Biomarkers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Very High ◽  
Current Report

Rhabdomyolysis is diagnosed based on the levels of blood biomarkers such as creatine kinase (CK), but the use of CK levels to predict long-term renal function remains controversial. This current report presents a case with a very high CK level with the presentation of acute kidney injury (AKI) who regained full renal function. A 29-year-old man, in a manic mood and presenting with dyspnoea, was admitted to hospital following an episode of ketamine use along with a history of drug abuse. The laboratory analyses identified rhabdomyolysis (CK, 35 266 U/l) and AKI (serum creatinine, 3.96 mg/dl). Despite treatment with intravenous normal saline (4000 ml/day), his CK level reached at least 300 000 U/l. He underwent 13 sessions of haemodialysis and his renal function fully recovered. The final measurements were serum creatinine 1.0 mg/dl and CK 212 U/l. These findings support the view that the predictive power of CK level on AKI is limited, especially regarding long-term renal function. Close follow-up examinations of renal function after haemodialysis are mandatory for patients with rhabdomyolysis.

Efficacy of pre-participation cardiac evaluation recommendations among athletes participating in World Athletics Championships

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (14) ◽  
pp. 1480-1490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Örjan Dahlström ◽  
Paolo Emilio Adami ◽  
Kristina Fagher ◽  
Jenny Jacobsson ◽  
Victor Bargoria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Association ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Cardiac Evaluation ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Very High

Background Athletes competing in athletics (track and field) at international level may be participating with underlying undiagnosed life-threatening cardiovascular conditions. Our objective was to analyse variations in pre-participation cardiac evaluation prevalence among athletes participating in two International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) World Athletics Championships, with regard to the human developmental level and global region of their home countries, as well as athletes' age category, gender, event group and medical insurance type. Design Cross-sectional web-based survey. Methods A total of 1785 athletes competing in the IAAF World Under 18 Championships Nairobi 2017 and World Championships London 2017 were invited to complete a pre-participation health questionnaire investigating the experience of a pre-participation cardiac examination. Results A total of 704 (39%) of the athletes participated. Among these, 59% (60% of women; 58% of men) reported that they had been provided at least one type of pre-participation cardiac evaluation. Athletes from very high income countries, Europe and Asia, showed a higher prevalence of at least one pre-participation cardiac evaluation. Conclusions The prevalence of pre-participation cardiac evaluation in low to middle income countries, and the African continent in particular, needs urgent attention. Furthermore, increases in evaluation prevalence should be accompanied by the development of cost-effective methods that can be adopted in all global regions.

Life-threatening paradoxical brain herniation rapidly reversed by emergency cranioplasty repair: a case report

2015 ◽  
Vol 157 (11) ◽  
pp. 2031-2032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Díaz-Romero ◽  
Pilar Avendaño ◽  
Gustavo Coloma
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Brain Herniation ◽  
Life Threatening

scholarly journals Familial Risks for Diseases of Myoneural Junction and Muscle in Siblings Based on Hospitalizations and Deaths in Sweden

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari Hemminki ◽  
Xinjun Li ◽  
Kristina Sundquist
Keyword(s):  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Periodic Paralysis ◽  
Myoneural Junction ◽  
Sibling Pairs ◽  
Affected Sibling ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Risk Ratios ◽  
Very High

AbstractDiseases of the myoneural junction and muscle are disabling and some are life-threatening. Recent successes in the identification of the underlying genetic mechanisms have had profound implication for their diagnostics, treatment and classification. We define familial risks for siblings who were hospitalized for or deceased from diseases of the myoneural junction and muscle. A nationwide database on diseases of the myoneural junction and muscle was constructed by linking the Multigeneration Register on 0- to 69-year-old siblings to the Hospital Discharge Register and the Causes of Death Register from years 1987 to 2001. Standardized risk ratios (SIRs) were calculated for affected sibling pairs by comparing to those whose siblings had no diseases of myoneural junction and muscle. Among a total of 2307 patients, myasthenia gravis, muscular dystrophy and myotonic disorders were commonest diagnoses. The sibling risks for these disease were 22, 190 and 198, respectively, when a sibling was diagnosed with any disease of the myoneural junction and muscle. The concordant SIRs, both siblings presenting the same disease, were 42 for myasthenia gravis, 737 for muscular dystrophy, 2000 for congenital myopathy, 1211 for myotonic disorder, 909 for periodic paralysis and 209 for unspecified myopathy. Only a few discordant sibling pairs were noted. The very high overall SIRs for the diseases of the myoneural junction and muscle imply that the sporadic forms of these diseases are relatively rare and these diseases are overwhelmingly heritable.

scholarly journals Tegmen Tympani Defect and Brain Herniation Secondary to Mastoid Surgery: Case Presentation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Oguz Kadir Egilmez ◽  
Fatih Mehmet Hanege ◽  
M. Tayyar Kalcioglu ◽  
Tuncay Kaner ◽  
Numan Kokten
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Brain Herniation ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Tegmen Tympani ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Mastoid Surgery

Brain herniation into the middle ear is very rarely seen. In addition to reasons like congenital factors, trauma, and infection, tegmen defect may develop as a result of iatrogenic events secondary to chronic otitis media surgery with or without cholesteatoma. Since it may cause life-threatening complications, patients must be evaluated and monitored for tegmen defect. In this paper, diagnosis and treatment of a brain herniation case due to iatrogenic tegmen defect were described along with relevant literature.

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