Challenges confronting waste pickers in Indonesia: An on-field analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110291
Author(s):  
Gabriel Andari Kristanto ◽  
Dini Kemala ◽  
Paras AC Nandhita
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Solid Waste Recycling ◽  
Waste Pickers

This article presents the informal recycling sector’s (IRS) social, economic driving factors in five cities in Indonesia and their contribution to waste management in the cities. An on-field analysis was conducted by random and incidental sampling method of questionnaire administration followed by observation. Among the respondents ( n = 178), 79% of individuals were waste pickers, 15% were small-scale waste collectors, and 6% were medium-scale waste collectors. The majority of the waste pickers sampled are male (79%). The amount of waste collected by individual waste pickers is 43.87 kg person−1 day−1, a corresponding recycling rate of approximately 12%, and an average monthly income of US$91.7. Gender differences are apparent as the male waste pickers generated higher incomes than those earned by their female counterparts (US$128.3 for men and US$69.7 for women) even as their average work hours are similar to that of the men (7.8 and 7.6 hours day−1, respectively). Economic motives are the respondents’ primary driving factors as moving to large cities accompanied by their family members. The study concluded that the IRS plays substantial contribution to waste management; further integrating them into the waste management system via IRS association, additional investment, formulation of law and policies and efforts by municipalities can give various benefits for involved stakeholders, the community and the environment. The results can serve as a significant reference for improving the solid waste recycling system and informal sector management in Indonesian cities and other developing countries.

Empirical Investigation of Formal and Informal Sectors in Waste Recycling of the Municipal Waste Management System of Developing Countries: The Case Study of Lagos State

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oladipupo Salau ◽  
Lalita Sen ◽  
Samuel Osho ◽  
Oluwatoyin Adejonwo-Osho
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Municipal Waste Management ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Formal And Informal Sectors

Municipalities in metropolitan cities of developing countries often find it difficult to cope with the onerous task of providing waste services to their citizens due to financial constraints and poor infrastructure.  In most of these cities, waste collection services are grossly inadequate as less than half the population is served with regular and efficient waste services.  However, the shortcomings of the formal waste management system are compensated by the activities of the informal sector engaged in waste collection and make significant contributions to the MWMS through material recovery and waste recycling. In view of this, the study focuses on the roles of the formal and informal sector in municipal waste management with regards to their impacts on the recycling rate of Lagos State. In this study, we measured and compared the recycling rates between the formal and informal sectors to determine their impacts on the recycling rates of Lagos State. The study relies on primary field data, site visits and observations backed by secondary sources to investigate the range of informal sector activities in comparison to the formal sector. The findings indicate that, while both sub-sectors play significant roles in the MWMS, the informal recycling activities contribute more to the recycling rate of Lagos state than the formal sector.

scholarly journals The objectives and legal instruments of Municipal Waste Management in the Slovak Republic

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Martin Dufala
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Municipal Waste Management ◽  
Per Capita

In particular, two types of data are important for assessing the state of waste management in each Member State of the European Union — first, the amount of the waste generated per capita annually and waste recovery rate, second, the rate of waste disposal in accordance with the waste hierarchy. The latest available statistics on the amount of waste generated per capita are for 2018. While the European Union average is 492 kg of municipal waste produced per capita for 2018, the Slovak Republic’s waste production is slightly less than that, with an average of 414 kg of municipal waste produced per capita for 2018. On the other hand, Denmark with 766 kg of municipal waste produced per capita annually is at the bottom of the European Union ranking. The Czech Republic with 351 kg and Poland with 329 kg of municipal waste produced per capita on the average annually for the same period are in better position than Slovak Republic. Another important data for the evaluation of the state of municipal waste management is the rate of recovery of municipal waste, alternatively — the municipal waste recycling rate. Within this scope, the Slovak Republic performs considerably worse, both regarding the waste management objectives and in comparison with the European Union average, or in comparison with remaining Member States. While the average recycling rate of municipal waste in the European Union was 47.0% in 2018, the Slovak Republic recycled only 36.3% of municipal waste in 2018. The situation within this scope in the Czech Republic/Czechia (34.5%) and Poland (34.3%) were similar. Germany achieved the highest municipal waste recycling rate in 2018, up to 67.3%. Directly related to the rate of the municipal waste recovery is the high rate of waste disposal, especially in the form of landfill, which was in the Slovak Republic in 2018 amounted to 55.0%. Despite the high rate of landfill, we can speak of a reduction in the landfill rate of municipal waste compared to previous years. From the foregoing data of selected indicators of the average recycling rate of municipal waste, it can be deduced that the system of municipal waste management in the Slovak Republic is obviously flawed, in as much as municipal waste management lacks long-term management in accordance with the waste hierarchy. The said deficiency may result either from insufficient legislation pertaining to this area or failure in terms of its enforcement. 

scholarly journals The Status of Recyclable Solid Wastes at Sadar Upazila of Noakhali, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Tanuja Barua ◽  
Papia Sultana Kanon ◽  
Mehedi Hasan Munna
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Management Activity ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Solid Waste Recycling

Most of the cities in the world, a solid waste recycling process is a part of the effective and sustainable waste management system. Although the local authorities ignore the recyclable solid waste materials during waste management activity, a number of self-waste collectors and dealers have been performing recycling activity as a source of acquirement for long periods of time in Bangladesh. In our present study, a traditional recycling practice of solid waste was executed and analyzed in Sadar Upazila of Noakhali, Bangladesh. This study also identified a complete concatenation from waste collectors to recycling industries in different private sectors. The study revealed that 41% metal, 37% paper, 14% tin and 8% plastic of Sonapur was recycled daily. On the other hand, the study also revealed that 44% metal, 21% paper, 19% tin and 16% plastic of Maijdee was recycled daily. The shop owners were only interested with Recyclable Solid Wastes (RSW). RSW collected by the shop owners including glass, paper, plastic, iron, tin etc. All the recyclable materials were collected and transported in different industries of Dhaka. For new products, those retrieved materials were used as raw materials.

Solid Waste Recycling: A Severe Problem in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-454
Author(s):  
Nathaniel O. Ogunseye ◽  
Bashir O. Odufuwa ◽  
Muhydeen A. Owolabi ◽  
Idris O. Tella
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Spatial Attributes ◽  
The Government ◽  
Solid Waste Recycling

Solid waste management is a disturbing issue in Nigerian cities as waste generation is increasing. The informal waste management sector has intensified efforts partly due to failure of government to manage waste effectively in the country. Hence, this study focuses on activities of waste recyclers in a rapidly growing city of Nigeria Ota in Ogun State. Its specific objectives are to examine spatial attributes of recycling depots, and examine recycling potentials and challenges. Data were obtained through semi-structured interview and observation. 11 recycling depot operators (recyclers) were purposively interviewed out of 20 operators making up the Recyclers Association. Majority of recycling depots are secured on a lease agreement with monthly rent ranging from N4,000 (US$11.11) to N21,667 (US$60.19). 72.7% recyclers are motivated by job opportunities made possible by recycling: 65% of recycling workers at the recymonthly salary is between N4,500 (US$12.50) and N15,000 (US$41.67). Major challenges of recyclers are lack of funds, complaint by neighbors and non-recognition by the government. Recycling depots are not regulated by government agencies and thus, recycling depots develop without planning permits. Finally, recommendations toward achieving sustainable recycling were presented.

scholarly journals Influence of Entrepreneurial Innovation on Sustainable Solid: Waste Recycling in Abuja, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Kalu Agbaeze ◽  
Sylvester Abomeh Ofobruku ◽  
Benjamin Ibe Chukwu
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Entrepreneurial Innovation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Solid Waste Recycling ◽  
The Impact

One of the most serious challenges that city dwellers face in a developing nation is unsatisfactory solid waste management. This research investigates the impact of entrepreneurial innovation in solid waste recycling capacity in Abuja, federal capital city of Nigeria. The study employs a survey approach entailing the use of questionnaire for primary data collection. The data collected were analysed using a regression statistical technique. The findings of the study reveal that entrepreneurial activities can be used to enhance competencies in sustainable solid waste management in Abuja, Nigeria. Specifically, we found that entrepreneurial innovation has a significant positive effect on solid waste recycling capacity (p < 0.01). The study concludes that entrepreneurial innovation will encourage efficiency and effectiveness in solid waste recycling practices in Abuja, Nigeria. The study, therefore, recommends that the government should put in place structures that encourage entrepreneurial innovation in solid management so as to enhance the sustainable solid waste recycling capacity in Abuja, Nigeria. Solid waste recycling has long been thought of as playing an important role in solid waste management. This research affirms that entrepreneurial innovation would aid the improvement of the solid waste recycling capacity thereby optimising the chances of achieving sustainable solid waste management in Abuja, Nigeria. Currently there is a paucity of studies that examine the effects of entrepreneurial innovation specifically on solid waste recycling and sustainable development in Abuja, Nigeria. This study contributes an important additional dimension in the search for sustainable solid waste management in Abuja, Nigeria.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF MORPHOLOGICAL COMPOSITION AND EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE RECYCLING METHODS IN UZBEKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
F Rakhmatullayev ◽  
◽  
S Turabjanov ◽  
T Ponamaryova ◽  
L Rakhimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Morphological Composition ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Solid Waste Recycling

This article deals with the problem of Municipal solid waste (MSW) in the Republic of Uzbekistan. In the process of research, the methods for the disposal of MSW that are still used in the country, such as incineration and disposal at landfills, were examined. For the necessity to implement innovations in the work of handling MSW, the basic morphological composition of MSW in the winter, spring, summer and autumn seasonal periods was researched. Based on the results obtained, an innovative direction is proposed for the processing of MSW into secondary raw materials in order to solve the problems of resource savings and jointly with the solution of environmental and economic problems of the republic. To solve the problem of waste management, an innovative technology has been proposed for the transition from landfills to waste recycling plants.

scholarly journals Status of Solid Waste Recycling at Sholokbahar Ward in Chittagong, Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
MH Kabir ◽  
M Ismail ◽  
M Jashimuddin
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Scrap Iron ◽  
Solid Waste Recycling ◽  
Waste Pickers

The study was conducted to analyze the solid waste recycling at Sholokbahar Ward of Chittagong City Corporation. Data were collected from primary waste collectors, i.e.Tokai, Feriwala, and Women waste collectors, waste dealers and different recycling plants through questionnaire survey and frequent field visits. The study found that the average amount of collected recyclable solid wastes was 121.37 kg/day in each solid waste recycling shop while waste picker was about 16 kg/day. Interestingly, the amount of average collected solid waste per day by Feriwala was significantly higher than Tokai and women waste pickers. Among of recyclable solid waste about 37% was scrap iron while only 16% was plastic bottle. The study also found that solid waste pickers generally collect wastes on foot while, among Feriwala only 23% use tricycle to collect wastes from door to door. We estimated that, by collecting recyclable solid wastes, each male and female waste picker earn, on an average, Tk. 80 and Tk.53 per day respectively. Finally, this study suggests that both governmental and non-governmental initiatives for solid waste recycling at Sholokbahar area can play a vital role to contribute our national economy, employment opportunities and environmental protection.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i2.22078 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(2): 07-11 2013

Study on the Optimization of the Industry Chain in Typical Energy and Coal Chemical Industry Base

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 2834-2838
Author(s):  
Bao Gao ◽  
Ze Qiang Fu ◽  
Peng Shen
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Industry Chain ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
National Energy Security ◽  
Solid Waste Recycling ◽  
Metabolism Analysis ◽  
Near Future

The development of Energy and Coal Chemical Industry Base (ECCIB) is not only the important impetus of the regional economy, but also the guarantee of national energy security. In the near future, China will develop seven Energy and Coal Chemical Industry Bases. Ningdong ECCIB is selected to be a typical case for the further analysis in the paper. The food web of Ningdong ECCIB is obtained based on the material metabolism analysis of ECCIB and the relative statistics of Ningdong ECCIB. Then it is evaluated by the associating relation rate and the waste recycling rate. It is concluded that the associating relation rate of Ningdong ECCIB is 0.378 which is higher than the average of the rate of the eco-industrial parks in China. The solid waste recycling rate of Ningdong ECCIB is 30.38%, while the waste water recycling rate is 28.17%. They are both relatively lower. Accordingly, several optimization countermeasures are proposed.

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