Perceived Parental Knowledge Reduces Risk for Initiation of Nicotine and Cannabis Vaping: A Longitudinal Study of Adolescents

2022 ◽  
pp. 089011712110619
Author(s):  
Dale S. Mantey ◽  
Stephanie L. Clendennen ◽  
Andrew E. Springer ◽  
Melissa B. Harrell
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Engagement Strategies ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Purpose This study examines the role of perceived parental knowledge on initiation of nicotine and cannabis vaping among youth. Design Longitudinal study from a self-administered online survey. Three waves of data collected in 6-month intervals. Setting 79 public and private schools in Texas. Participants Adolescents who self-reported never using e-cigarette to vape nicotine (n=1907; weighted sample [N] = 304371) or vape cannabis (n=2212; N=351955) at baseline. Participants were in 8th, 10th, and 12th grade at baseline. Measures Self-reported measures of nicotine and cannabis vaping. Analyses Weighted multivariate logistic regression models examined role of perceived parental knowledge at baseline (Spring 2016) as a predictor of nicotine and cannabis vaping initiation at 6-month (Fall 2016) and 12 month (Spring 2017) follow-up. Covariates were age, sex, race/ethnicity, and other tobacco use. Results Initiation rates were 5.9% for nicotine vaping and 8.6% for cannabis vaping, at 12-month follow-up overall. Higher perceived parental knowledge was associated with lower odds of nicotine vaping initiation at 6 months (adj OR: .69; 95% CI: .50-.93) and 12 months (adj OR: .68; 95% CI: .50-.92). Similarly, higher perceived parental knowledge was associated with lower odds of cannabis vaping initiation at 6 months (adj OR: .58; 95% CI: .38-.87) and 12 months (adj OR: .53; 95% CI: .38-.74). Conclusion E-cigarette prevention efforts directed at adolescents should incorporate parent engagement strategies as a method of increasing actual and perceived parental knowledge of their child’s location, activities and peer groups.

scholarly journals Role of white matter hyperintensities, hemoglobin and vitamin B‐12 on cognitive decline: Two‐year follow‐up data from the Tata Longitudinal Study of Ageing (TLSA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Balakrishnan ◽  
Vivek Tiwari ◽  
M.L. Abhishek ◽  
Naren P. Rao ◽  
Vijayalakshmi Ravindranath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Vitamin B 12

scholarly journals Movement Behaviors and Perceived Loneliness and Sadness within Alaskan Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6866
Author(s):  
Ryan D. Burns ◽  
Yang Bai ◽  
Christopher D. Pfledderer ◽  
Timothy A. Brusseau ◽  
Wonwoo Byun
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
Youth Risk Behavior Survey ◽  
Association Analyses ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Screen Use

Physical activity, screen use, and sleep are behaviors that integrate across the whole day. However, the accumulative influence of meeting recommendations for these 24-h movement behaviors on the mental health of Alaskan adolescents has not been examined. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between movement behaviors, loneliness, and sadness within Alaskan adolescents. Data were obtained from the 2019 Alaska Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). The number of adolescents participating in the 2019 Alaska YRBS was 1897. Associations between meeting recommendations for movement behaviors with loneliness and sadness were examined using weighted logistic regression models, adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI). Approximately 5.0% of the sample met recommendations for all three movement behaviors. Meeting 2 or 3 movement behavior recommendations was associated with lower odds of loneliness (odds ratio (OR) range = 0.23 to 0.44, p < 0.01). Additionally, meeting 1 to 3 movement behavior recommendations was associated with lower odds of sadness (OR range = 0.29 to 0.52, p < 0.05). Joint association analyses determined that these relationships were primarily driven by meeting the sleep recommendation for loneliness and meeting the screen use recommendation for sadness. The results support use of multiple movement-based behavior programming to attenuate feelings of loneliness and sadness within Alaskan adolescents.

scholarly journals Going through the lockdown: a longitudinal study on the psychological consequences of the coronavirus pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Gullo ◽  
Ilaria Misici ◽  
Arianna Teti ◽  
Michele Liuzzi ◽  
Enrico Chiara
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Data Points

Coronavirus 2019 pandemic lockdown in Italy lasted for 2 months, 1 week and 2 days. During this long period, one of the longest in Europe, the restrictions produced effects on people’s psychological well-being, with consequences that also continued after lockdown. The purpose of the study is to investigate these effects and how they changed in the general population over a period of time. We are also interested in exploring people’s post-lockdown anxiety and concerns. We conducted an online survey using snowball sampling techniques. The longitudinal study consisted of four administrations covering a period of 10 weeks between April (baseline) and June (last follow-up). Levels of anxiety and depression were assessed by GAD-7 and PHQ-9, coping strategies were assessed by Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) and social support was assessed by MSPSS. Post-lockdown anxiety was explored by developing a set of ad-hoc questions. PCA was used to determine the principal categories of post-lockdown anxiety/concern resulting from the ad-hoc questions. Longitudinal data, given their nested structure, were analyzed through mixed modeling. Of the 411 responders at baseline, 169 had at least 3 out of 4 data points; the analysis was therefore conducted on this sample. Levels of depression and anxiety were found to be significantly higher in the study sample in comparison with normative samples for each of the fourtime points; levels of coping showed that scores from the study sample were significantly lower than normative data at all-time points. Levels of perceived social support were significantly lower than normative data at the baseline and the first follow-up. The results of the study suggest that the lockdown experience had enduring consequences on the mental health of individuals. Prevention and support interventions to limit the psychological distress caused by COVID-19 should be taken into consideration in countries experiencing a second wave of the pandemic.

scholarly journals From patriotism to political totalitarianism: the role of collective narcissism

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
Dmitry S. Grigoryev
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Motivational Orientation ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Background. Patriotic education is carried out in many countries, being an integral part of the process of socialization of the younger generation. At the same time, patriotism is often used by autocracies to maintain power and total state control over all aspects of public and private life. What is the socio-psychological aspect of this possible transformation? Objective. The aim of the study was to test the model of the relationship between patriotism, nationalism, rightwing authoritarianism and political totalitarianism, as well as to examine the role of collective narcissism in these relationships. We hypothesized that patriotism is not directly related to totalitarianism, this connection is mediated by nationalism and right-wing authoritarianism, while patriotism and nationalism are connected only under the condition of a high level of collective narcissism (i.e., collective narcissism demonstrates the effect of moderation). Design. The study of the role of collective narcissism in the relationship between patriotism, nationalism, rightwing authoritarianism and political totalitarianism was carried out in 2018 on a gender-balanced sample of residents of Russia (N — 232) aged 16 to 61 (M — 28.5; SD — 10.2). Reliable and valid tools were used for measurements: cultural patriotism and nationalism (Grigoryan 2013; Grigoryan, Lepshokova, 2012), collective narcissism (Golec de Zavala et al., 2009), right-wing authoritarianism (Bizumic, Duckitt, 2018). A cross-sectional single-sample correlation design was applied using data from a socio-psychological survey. The data was collected in 2018 through an online survey conducted by an independent commercial research company as a result of a survey of their own panel of respondents. The survey was conducted using various Likert scales. All scales that had not previously been translated into Russian were adapted by double translation and cognitive interviews using the “think-aloud” technique (Batkhina, Grigoryev, 2019). Results. The hypotheses that were put forward were confirmed. It was found that (1) patriotism is not directly related to totalitarianism: nationalism and authoritarianism mediated the relationship between patriotism and totalitarianism, and nationalism mediated the relationship between patriotism and authoritarianism; (2) patriotism is positively associated with nationalism only if the level of collective narcissism is high; (3) nationalism is positively associated with authoritarianism and totalitarianism, and authoritarianism with totalitarianism. Conclusions. Collective narcissism may reflect the process of compensating for low self-esteem and lack of control over their lives in people, and generate belief in an exalted image of the in-group and its right to special recognition. Subsequently, this helps to use patriotism as a basis for supporting political totalitarianism. Nationalism and authoritarianism can carry an instrumental function in this process acting as certain strategies for the implementation of the motivational orientation set by collective narcissism.

Demographics and perceived computer skill levels as predictors of faculty awareness and use of electronic information resources

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-301
Author(s):  
Umme Habiba ◽  
S.M. Zabed Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Private Universities ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Computer Skill ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Skill Levels ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Computer Proficiency ◽  
Ordinal Regression Model

Purpose The main aim of this paper is to examine the role of demographics and self-reported computer skill levels as predictors of e-resources awareness and use by faculty members working at various public and private universities in Bangladesh. Design/methodology/approach An online survey was conducted at public and private universities in Bangladesh. A total of 757 faculty members from 48 universities across the country responded to the survey. The data were analyzed using various descriptive statistics, i.e. frequencies and percentages and non-parametric Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests were conducted to see the differences in levels of awareness among faculty members in terms of university type, gender, age, designation, specialization and computer proficiency levels. An ordinal regression model was used to predict the role of demographics and computer skill levels on faculty awareness levels. Finally, correlation coefficient was measured to see the relationships between faculty awareness and use of e-resources. Findings The findings revealed that faculty members working at different universities in Bangladesh are generally aware of most e-resources types. There were significant differences in faculty awareness in terms of demographics and self-reported computer skills levels. The results showed that computer proficiency level is a significant predictor of faculty awareness of e-resources. The findings also showed that awareness and use of e-resources are positively and significantly correlated. Originality/value This is the foremost attempt to assess the role of demographics and computer skill levels as predictors of awareness and use of e-resources by faculty members.

scholarly journals The State of Education and Training for Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in Indian Hospitals―A Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment

Antibiotics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Singh ◽  
Esmita Charani ◽  
Chand Wattal ◽  
Anita Arora ◽  
Abi Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
And Training

Background: To understand the role of infrastructure, manpower, and education and training (E&T) in relation to Antimicrobial Stewardship (AMS) in Indian healthcare organizations. Methods: Mixed method approach using quantitative survey and qualitative interviews was applied. Through key informants, healthcare professionals from 69 hospitals (public & private) were invited to participate in online survey and follow up qualitative interviews. Thematic analysis was applied to identify the key emerging themes from the interviews. The survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: 60 healthcare professionals from 51 hospitals responded to the survey. Eight doctors participated in semi-structured telephone interviews. 69% (27/39) of the respondents received E&T on AMS during undergraduate or postgraduate training. 88% (15/17) had not received any E&T at induction or during employment. In the qualitative interviews three key areas of concern were identified: (1) need for government level endorsement of AMS activities; (2) lack of AMS programs in hospitals; and, (3) lack of postgraduate E&T in AMS for staff. Conclusion: No structured provision of E&T for AMS currently exists in India. Stakeholder engagement is essential to the sustainable design and implementation of bespoke E&T for hospital AMS in India.

We-P14:458 Possible role of unsaturated fatty acids intake in increased human survival: A 8.5-year follow-up of the Italian longitudinal study on aging

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-448
Author(s):  
V. Solfrizzi ◽  
C. Capurso ◽  
A.M. Colacicco ◽  
A. D'Introno ◽  
A. Capurso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Survival

scholarly journals The COVID-19 Vaccine Is Here—Now Who Is Willing to Get It?

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 339
Author(s):  
William D. S. Killgore ◽  
Sara A. Cloonan ◽  
Emily C. Taylor ◽  
Natalie S. Dailey
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Frontline Healthcare Workers ◽  
The U.S

The U.S. vaccine campaign against COVID-19 began in December 2020, but many individuals seem reluctant to get vaccinated. During the first week of the vaccination campaign, we collected data from 1017 individuals with an online survey to identify factors that were associated with willingness to get the vaccine once it is available. Most participants (55.3%) were willing to get the vaccine, although 46.2% also expressed some fear of the vaccine. Political ideology was by far the most consistent predictor of both willingness to be vaccinated and fear of the vaccine, followed by participant sex, education level, income, and race/ethnicity. Our findings suggest that, for the vaccine campaign to be broadly supported and successful, it will be important for frontline healthcare workers to discuss the role of inoculation for COVID-19 in a manner consistent with each individual patient’s political and sociological worldview.

scholarly journals Indian parents’ perspective of maintaining heritage language in the metropolitan Jakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-103
Author(s):  
Munmun Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Heritage Language ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
Heritage Languages ◽  
Heritage Language Maintenance ◽  
Regional Languages ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

The present study examines the role of Indian parents residing in Indonesia in maintaining heritage languages at home. The report presents parents' attitudes towards languages and the strategies used by these parents to promote heritage-language maintenance (HLM) while residing in Indonesia. Two research instruments were used: a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. 23 Indian respondents (22 mothers and 1 father) residing in Jakarta participated in an online survey. Four participants volunteered for a follow-up interview to explore their language beliefs and attitudes. The majority of these parents regard Hindi or other Indian regional languages to be their heritage language, yet they use English to communicate with their children because of the ease—and lack of time to teach their children their heritage language. They also valorize English and the learning of other languages because of the benefits they entail, such as a better future and economic stability. Most of these parents agree that preserving and maintaining their heritage language is vital; however, they have only been somewhat successful in maintaining it.

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