Roughness effect for tunable wetting surfaces on metallic substrate

2016 ◽  
Vol 232 (5) ◽  
pp. 787-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuqing Hao ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Xiaolu Song ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Liang Li
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
Electrochemical Micromachining ◽  
Growth Method ◽  
Etched Surface ◽  
Controllable Fabrication

A facile process for controllable fabrication of wetting surfaces with variable hierarchical structures on metallic substrates is proposed in this study. This process, which combines the through-mask electrochemical micromachining with hydrothermal growth method, could be applied on all kinds of type and size of conductive metal. First, the anodic dissolution process is predicted using numerical simulation and experiments. The formulation of electrolyte and the etching conditions in through-mask electrochemical micromachining are optimized. Ordered microstructures and smooth etched surface in large scale are obtained using the optimized parameters. Moreover, a technology has been explored to obtain various styles of multi-level structures through an alignment system or combining with a hydrothermal method of growing ZnO nanorods. The wetting effects of the rough three-dimensional surfaces are evaluated using a contact angle system. Furthermore, the wetting and the preliminary friction reduction effects of the rough three-dimensional surfaces are evaluated using contact angle system.

Experimental Study on the Through-Mask Electrochemical Micromachining (EMM) Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 692-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Dai Wang ◽  
Ji Ming Xiao ◽  
Yan Li
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Surface Texturing ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
Electrochemical Micromachining ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Reduction Effect ◽  
Interacting Surfaces ◽  
Etched Surface ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Friction Drag Reduction

Surface texturing is a widely accepted approach for friction reduction in mechanical components. Through-mask electrochemical micromachining (EMM) is a simple and reliable process for mass manufacturing of microstructure array on metal surface. However, to obtain engineered surface texture with a prescribed shape, size, orientation, and distribution to investigate how forms and shapes of surface texturing affect the tribological properties on interacting surfaces, the machining conditions still need to be optimized. In this work, the electroetching conditions involving the formulation of the electrolyte, voltage, current density, machining gap and agitation method are optimized. With the optimized conditions, the ordered microstructures with a feature size down to 5m and smooth etched surface in large-scale are obtained and the preliminary friction drag reduction effect of the textured surface is demonstrated.

Preparation of Dandelion-Like Nano/Micro Zinc Oxide Material

2013 ◽  
Vol 652-654 ◽  
pp. 258-261
Author(s):  
Yu Liang
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Solvothermal Method ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Kirkendall Effect ◽  
Oxide Material ◽  
Large Scale Preparation ◽  
Scale Preparation ◽  
Composition Structure

The three-dimensional dandelion-like zinc oxide nanostructure composed of single-crystal ZnO nanorods was prepared by means of Kirkendall effect while using solvothermal method and taking Zn powder as the source of zinc. In the paper, the composition, structure and appearance of the sample were studied by means of XRD, SEM, RDS, SEAD, TEM, HRTEM and other methods. The method was widely used as a new method for the large-scale preparation of nano/micro zinc oxide material.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional-Printing of Bio-Inspired Composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace X. Gu ◽  
Isabelle Su ◽  
Shruti Sharma ◽  
Jamie L. Voros ◽  
Zhao Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Spider Silk ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Natural Materials ◽  
Multiple Materials

Optimized for millions of years, natural materials often outperform synthetic materials due to their hierarchical structures and multifunctional abilities. They usually feature a complex architecture that consists of simple building blocks. Indeed, many natural materials such as bone, nacre, hair, and spider silk, have outstanding material properties, making them applicable to engineering applications that may require both mechanical resilience and environmental compatibility. However, such natural materials are very difficult to harvest in bulk, and may be toxic in the way they occur naturally, and therefore, it is critical to use alternative methods to fabricate materials that have material functions similar to material function as their natural counterparts for large-scale applications. Recent progress in additive manufacturing, especially the ability to print multiple materials at upper micrometer resolution, has given researchers an excellent instrument to design and reconstruct natural-inspired materials. The most advanced 3D-printer can now be used to manufacture samples to emulate their geometry and material composition with high fidelity. Its capabilities, in combination with computational modeling, have provided us even more opportunities for designing, optimizing, and testing the function of composite materials, in order to achieve composites of high mechanical resilience and reliability. In this review article, we focus on the advanced material properties of several multifunctional biological materials and discuss how the advanced 3D-printing techniques can be used to mimic their architectures and functions. Lastly, we discuss the limitations of 3D-printing, suggest possible future developments, and discuss applications using bio-inspired materials as a tool in bioengineering and other fields.

scholarly journals On three-dimensional SPH modelling of large-scale landslides

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Chong Peng ◽  
Shuai Li ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Huicong An ◽  
Xiaoqing Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Convergence Property ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
Constitutive Parameter ◽  
Lagrangian Particle ◽  
Acceleration Technique ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
Constitutive Parameters

Lagrangian particle-based smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is increasingly widely used in landslide modelling. This paper investigates four important issues not addressed by previous studies on SPH modelling of large-scale landslides, i.e., convergence property, influence of constitutive parameters, scale effect and friction reduction, and influence of different treatments of the viscous effect. The GPU-acceleration technique is employed to achieve high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) modelling. The Baige landslide is investigated by comparing numerical results with field data, and detailed analyses on the four issues are provided. Suggestions on particle resolution, constitutive parameter, and formulations of viscous discretization are also presented for future SPH modelling of large-scale landslides.

scholarly journals Crack engineering for the construction of arbitrary hierarchical architectures

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (48) ◽  
pp. 23909-23914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanbo Li ◽  
Miao Yu ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
Kentaro Mochizuki ◽  
Siyu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Biomimetic Materials ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Elastic Crack ◽  
The Cost

Three-dimensional hierarchical morphologies widely exist in natural and biomimetic materials, which impart preferential functions including liquid and mass transport, energy conversion, and signal transmission for various applications. While notable progress has been made in the design and manufacturing of various hierarchical materials, the state-of-the-art approaches suffer from limited materials selection, high costs, as well as low processing throughput. Herein, by harnessing the configurable elastic crack engineering—controlled formation and configuration of cracks in elastic materials—an effect normally avoided in various industrial processes, we report the development of a facile and powerful technique that enables the faithful transfer of arbitrary hierarchical structures with broad material compatibility and structural and functional integrity. Our work paves the way for the cost-effective, large-scale production of a variety of flexible, inexpensive, and transparent 3D hierarchical and biomimetic materials.

scholarly journals Mask-free three-dimensional epitaxial growth of III-nitrides

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 558-569
Author(s):  
Mariusz Rudziński ◽  
Sebastian Zlotnik ◽  
Marek Wójcik ◽  
Jarosław Gaca ◽  
Łukasz Janicki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Buffer Layers ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Growth Step ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Growth Method ◽  
Aln Buffer ◽  
Novel Catalyst

Abstract A novel catalyst-free and maskless growth approach is presented to form an ordered geometrical array of three-dimensional (3D) AlGaN/AlN microrods. The growth method is composed of a single growth step using metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy, achieving microstructures with homogeneous diameters, shapes and sizes over relatively large scale (on 2-in. wafer). The 3D AlGaN/AlN heterostructures are grown in a form of micro-sized columns elongated in one direction perpendicular to the substrate surface and with a hexagonal cross section. A careful examination of growth steps revealed that this technology allows to suppress coalescence and lateral overgrowth, promoting vertical 3D growth. Interestingly, two distinct morphologies can be obtained: honeycomb-like hexagonal arrangement perfectly packed and with twisted microrods layout, by controlling strain state in AlN buffer layers. Consequently, 3D AlGaN microrods on tensile-strained AlN templates show a 0° twisted morphology, while on compressive-strained templated a 30° twisted arrangement. Moreover, the optical and crystalline quality studies revealed that the top AlGaN layers of the examined 3D semiconductor structures are characterized by a low native point-defect concentration. These 3D AlGaN platforms can be applied for light emitting devices or sensing applications. Graphic abstract

Three-Dimensional Hierarchical Structures of ZnO Nanorods as a Structure Adsorbent for Water Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 864-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhendong Li ◽  
Yingjie Huang ◽  
Xingfu Wang ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Xinfu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hierarchical Structures

Synthesis, growth mechanism and effect of sputtering pressure on 3D ZnO nanostructures with trunk-branch nanorods

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (06) ◽  
pp. 1940003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangsi Liu ◽  
Wei Gao
Keyword(s):  
Growth Mechanism ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Zno Nanostructures ◽  
Seed Crystals ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Growth Method ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
Sputtering Pressure ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

Three-dimensional (3D) ZnO nanostructures, hierarchical nanorods with trunks and branches, were synthesized via a multi-step growth method. The ZnO trunk-branch nanorods are immobilized on glass substrates and their fabrication technologies include the deposition of ZnO seed crystals by magnetron sputtering and the hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanorods without any directing agents. The sputtering pressure for the deposition of ZnO seed crystals was varied and the corresponding effect on the morphology and microstructure of 3D ZnO nanostructures was characterized by various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The growth mechanism of ZnO trunk-branch nanorods was discussed and their optical property was also explored. The multi-level constructions of ZnO nanorods would benefit their photo-related functional applications.

Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO Nanorods Thin Films by Solution-Growth Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 225-226 ◽  
pp. 597-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chu Chi Ting ◽  
Sie Ping Chang
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Solution Growth ◽  
Growth Technique ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Growth Method ◽  
Vertically Aligned ◽  
Solution Growth Technique

Highly c-axis-oriented ZnO nanorods thin films were obtained on silica glass substrates by a simple solution-growth technique. The most compact and vertically-aligned ZnO nanorods thin film with the thickness of ~800 nm and average hexagonal grain size of ~200 nm exhibits the average visible transmittance 85%, refractive index 1.74, and packing density 0.84. As we demonstrate here, the solution-growth technique was used to produce high-quality and dense ZnO nanorods thin films, and is an easily controlled, low-temperature, low-cost, and large-scale process for the fabrication of optical-grade thin films.

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