Institutional Factors That Affect Inclusive Businesses: The Case of Banana Cooperatives in the Magdalena Region (Colombia)

2021 ◽  
pp. 097300522199160
Author(s):  
Marcela Maestre-Matos ◽  
Jahir Lombana-Coy ◽  
Francisco J. Mesías ◽  
Ahmed Elghannam
Keyword(s):  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Ethical Behaviour ◽  
Base Of The Pyramid ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Banana Production ◽  
Inclusive Business ◽  
Agricultural Industries

Inclusive business as a model at the base of the pyramid is a relatively recent unit of study in academic literature. From the institutional perspective, businesses are affected by norms, processes, rules of moral and ethical behaviour, which have not been studied for the base of the pyramid in inclusive businesses, much less in agricultural cooperatives. The objective of this research is to identify institutional factors that can affect agribusiness inclusive models. In this research, agricultural cooperatives of banana production in the province of Magdalena, Colombia, are the unit of analysis to identify institutional factors. The method of review of institutional factors is the multiple cases (six banana cooperatives) with a simple unit using inductive analysis. The results show that institutional factors—both formal (certifications, quality standards, social responsibility policies and economic incentives) and informal (cooperation, improvement of quality of life, generation of social capital)—promote the development of inclusive businesses in cooperatives of the base of the pyramid. The research is a first step to show its potential replication in other agricultural industries and even in other economic sectors.

scholarly journals ¿Hacia la consolidación política? Cambios en la "estructura de oportunidades electorales" de las mujeres en Argentina

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Alles
Keyword(s):  
Electoral System ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
The Political ◽  
Gender Quotas ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Political Position ◽  
Systemic Factors ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
Las Mujeres

RESUMEN: El presente artículo tiene como objetivo determinar los cambios de la «estructura de oportunidades electorales» de las mujeres en Argentina a lo largo del período 1983-2005, para lo cual el trabajo va más allá de los análisis estáticos usuales y examina los elementos dinámicos del proceso. Desde la perspectiva institucional, la elección de mujeres está condicionada en primer lugar por las características del diseño electoral: la introducción de cuotas de género es reconocida por la literatura como un dispositivo clave para facilitar la elección de mujeres, pero su efectividad se ve condicionada por otros elementos del sistema electoral, tal como la magnitud de distritos, pero también por las características del sistema de partidos. Basado en un análisis estadístico multivariado, el artículo encuentra evidencia que sostiene que, tras un período donde la elección de mujeres se explica mediante factores político-institucionales, en las últimas elecciones los factores sistémicos pierden capacidad explicativa, aun cuando se controla el efecto de las variables socioeconómicas, lo que indica que la elección de mujeres se explica por factores no incluidos en el análisis, eventualmente partidarios o personales. Estos resultados sugieren que las cuotas han tenido efectos de largo alcance, haciendo posible la consolidación de la posición política de las mujeres.ABSTRACT: This article has as main goal to know the changes suffered by the «electoral opportunity structure» of women in Argentina through the period 1983-2005, for which purpose the work goes beyond usual static analyses and examine the dynamic elements of the process. From the institutional perspective, the election of women is conditioned at first for the features of the electoral design: the introduction of gender quotas is highlighted by the literature as a key device to make easy the election of women, but its effectiveness is conditioned by the other elements of the electoral system. Based on a multivariate statistical analysis, this article finds evidence that maintains that, after a period where the election of women is explained by political-institutional factors, in the last elections the systemic factors lost explanatory ability, even when the effect of socio-economic variables is kept under control, which points out that the election of women is explained by non included factors, eventually partisan or individual ones. These results suggest that the quotas have had long-range effects, making possible the consolidation of the political position of women.

scholarly journals Scientific Views on the Structure of the Elements in the Financial Security Management System in Economic Sectors

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (49) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
M. V. Kunytska-Iliash ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Security Management ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Structure Identification ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Management Structure ◽  
Analytical Monitoring ◽  
And Control

It has been clarified that the process of ensuring the financial security of the economy is closely correlated with the establishment of an appropriate management system in this area. The article is aimed at substantiating scientific views on the structure of the elements in the financial security management system in economic sectors. To achieve this goal, it is ascertained that the financial security management system of an economy provides for grounding links and means of interaction with both senior systems (financial security of regions and the state, economic security, national security), and lower systems (financial security of enterprises). It is proved that structural aspects of financial security management in an industry relate to constructing an internal system of elements and organizing their interaction in order to form the unique properties and capacity of the system by management areas. A set of structural elements of the financial security management system in an economic sector is determined, which can be divided into several groups, namely: formation of an institutional and management structure; identification of strategic and tactical guidelines; introduction of a system of economic incentives and support; provision of information and analytical monitoring and control tools; and use of regulatory tools. It is proved that the effectiveness of the financial security management system in an industry is largely determined by the quality of the organizational management structure, rational choice of strategic and tactical guidelines, effectiveness of economic incentives and support, coordination of information and analytical monitoring and control, ability to use broad regulatory tools.

Crossing the threshold from founder management to professional management in Russian firms

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Shirokova ◽  
Gina Vega ◽  
Dmitri Knatko
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Ceo Succession ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Professional Management ◽  
Organisational Factors

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to bring together a strategic choice perspective and an institutional perspective in order to address the key research questions: how do Russian founder-CEOs perceive the institutional environment when succession issues are taken into consideration?; how do the perceived characteristics of different formal and informal institutions affect the founder-CEO’s decision to delegate authority to a professional CEO?; and what are the main barriers to founder-CEO succession in threshold firms in emerging markets such as Russia? Design/methodology/approach – Using a data set of 500 entrepreneurial companies from fast growing industries in Russia, the paper defines and studies threshold firms and analyses how various perceived characteristics of the institutional environment in emerging markets influence the likelihood of transition from founder management to professional management. Findings – Institutional factors such as poor security of property rights and dependence of the business on relationships with government officials have a negative impact on the likelihood of founder-CEO succession in threshold firms in emerging markets. At the same time, the perception of contract law as insecure increases the likelihood of transition from founder management to professional management. Originality/value – Most research on initial succession deals with internal organisational factors and does not consider external environments and their influence on founder-CEO departure and willingness to exit from company management. This study is unique in its focus on the external environment and institutional factors and their impact on management transitions in threshold firms in emerging economies.

Black money, “white” owners, and “blue” tenants in the Bangladesh housing market

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 501-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Solaiman
Keyword(s):  
Housing Market ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Ethical Behaviour ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The main purpose of this paper is to critically examine the impact of black money whitening opportunity on the Bangladesh housing market and its ramifications for honest taxpayers and criminal conduct of the people in the country. Design/methodology/approach This paper relies on both primary and secondary materials and carries out an archival analysis of the resources available in libraries and online databases. Findings It demonstrates that black money whitening opportunity has failed to create additional demands for housing property, rather it encourages money laundering, corruption and other criminal activities. Hence, a set of specific recommendations have been submitted to effectively deal with the prevention of generation of black money instead of allowing them to be invested in properties with impunity. Research limitations/implications The discussions are concentrated on the legality of offering amnesty to black money holders and the impact of such indemnities on the housing market in Bangladesh; hence, it does not consider impacts on other economic sectors. It is expected that the publication of this paper will stimulate the government of Bangladesh to discontinue the disputed amnesty in Bangladesh, and other nations having similar problems with black money will be encouraged to follow suit. Practical implications It is anticipated that the implementation of the recommendations furnished in this paper will contribute to significantly decreasing money laundering, corruption and other offences involving money in Bangladesh and in other countries. Social implications Prevention of corruption and other financial crimes. Originality/value This paper represents its originality in its critical analysis of frequent offerings of the opportunity for whitening black money and their unfair impacts on honest taxpayers and resultant stimulation for engaging in money laundering, corruption and other felonies. It evidently justifies the assumption that such amnesties to wrongdoers are contrary to the national constitution, anti-corruption and anti-money laundering legislation and they wound the sense of ethical behaviour of human beings. Moreover, it proves the hypothesis that such opportunities being offered to black money holders have no positive contribution towards creating additional demands in the country’s property markets.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVENESS IN POLAND FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CHANGES IN THE FOOD CHAIN

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
Jarosław Gołębiewski ◽  
Nina Drejerska
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Food Supply Chains ◽  
Contemporary Management

A food supply chain integrates three important economic sectors: agriculture, food processing, and distribution sectors. Integration processes are one out of different ways of efficiency’s improvement of supply chains; they are also the key challenges of contemporary management in the global economy. Common activities of partners in a supply chain can take different forms, starting from general agreements in supply operations, common forecasting and planning of production to cooperation in the field of design and implementation of new products. The aim of the study is to investigate an economic role of agricultural cooperatives in Poland from a perspective of changes in food supply chains. In order to realize it, data of the General Agricultural Census 2010, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development as well as the ranking of the top 500 companies in Poland by “Rzeczpospolita” (2017, 19th edition) were applied. Research results show that a significant number of cooperatives stopped their activities or limited their scale or range after 1989. However, some cooperatives have been developing and as for example dairy cooperatives belong to the top 500 companies in the Polish economy. There is also an increasing trend of establishment of agricultural producer groups, often in a form of cooperatives, that have been observed recently.

Building boundary capabilities at the base of the pyramid

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Mezias ◽  
Mohamad Fakhreddin
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Base Of The Pyramid ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
For Profit

Purpose – Over the last 15 years, articles about the base of the pyramid (BOP) have begun to appear in scholarly business journals. Although attention was driven initially by claims that corporations could earn a fortune selling to these consumers, it became clear that this is difficult. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – To move beyond this difficulty, the authors emphasize the iterative boundary capabilities built by local, for profit enterprises as the key to creating markets at the BOP. Findings – The authors argue that the evolution of the business models to permit firms to earn profits and have positive social impact requires building iterative boundary capabilities and support this claim by reviewing two cases of community based non-profits. Research limitations/implications – Future research should demonstrate that the process the authors observed in these two cases applies in other contexts. Scaling social impact will require sharing knowledge about iterative boundary capabilities and developing best practices that can help effective allocation of patient capital to share best practice and guide public policy. Practical implications – Social entrepreneurs can conceptualize their own enterprises in terms of iterative boundary capabilities. Social investors can use the framework to assess and advise enterprises in which they may or have invested. Policy makers can enact laws and other legal actions to facilitate the formation of iterative boundary capabilities. Social implications – The authors see the framework as part of a broader move toward business models that pursue both positive social impact and profits. Originality/value – The authors link a structuring approach with an institutional perspective to enhance business models that pursue profit and create positive social impact in BOP communities.

scholarly journals Study on E-Commerce Adoption in SMEs Under the Institutional Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almaaf Bader Ali A ◽  
Jian-Jun Miao ◽  
Quang Dung Tran
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Governmental Support ◽  
Institutional Forces ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Infant Stage

This article investigates and discusses the institutional factors influencing decisions of e-commerce adoption in Saudi small and medium enterprises (SMEs) from the temporal view. This article has been conducted in two phases: a full survey in 2013 and the follow-up targeted interviews in 2016. The analysis results demonstrated that there is a clear difference between initial e-commerce adoption and institutionalization in SMEs in terms of institutional predictors. When e-commerce was at its infant stage, governmental support and well-defined legal and regulations system were instrumental and served as mainly institutional forces to encourage firms to adopt e-commerce. As time went on and e-commerce became more business-driven, these effects become less important, even insignificant; instead of these, perceived market forces and perceived social awareness of e-commerce emerges as critical contributions to push SMEs to engage in e-commerce more sophisticatedly.

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