scholarly journals Public Health and Health Sector Crisis Leadership During Pandemics: A Review of the Medical and Business Literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 107755872110392
Author(s):  
Abi Sriharan ◽  
Attila J. Hertelendy ◽  
Jane Banaszak-Holl ◽  
Michelle M. Fleig-Palmer ◽  
Cheryl Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Leadership Behaviors ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Leadership Competencies ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Crisis Leadership ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines ◽  
Task Oriented

The global scale and unpredictable nature of the current COVID-19 pandemic have put a significant burden on health care and public health leaders, for whom preparedness plans and evidence-based guidelines have proven insufficient to guide actions. This article presents a review of empirical articles on the topics of “crisis leadership” and “pandemic” across medical and business databases between 2003 (since SARS) and—December 2020 and has identified 35 articles for detailed analyses. We use the articles’ evidence on leadership behaviors and skills that have been key to pandemic responses to characterize the types of leadership competencies commonly exhibited in a pandemic context. Task-oriented competencies, including preparing and planning, establishing collaborations, and conducting crisis communication, received the most attention. However, people-oriented and adaptive-oriented competencies were as fundamental in overcoming the structural, political, and cultural contexts unique to pandemics.

Executive Summary: IDSA Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis in Children and Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 1041-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony W. Chow ◽  
Michael S. Benninger ◽  
Itzhak Brook ◽  
Jan L. Brozek ◽  
Ellie J. C. Goldstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Executive Summary ◽  
Initial Management ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines ◽  
Public Health Epidemiology

Abstract Evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and initial management of suspected acute bacterial rhinosinusitis in adults and children were prepared by a multidisciplinary expert panel of the Infectious Diseases Society of America comprising clinicians and investigators representing internal medicine, pediatrics, emergency medicine, otolaryngology, public health, epidemiology, and adult and pediatric infectious disease specialties. Recommendations for diagnosis, laboratory investigation, and empiric antimicrobial and adjunctive therapy were developed.

scholarly journals The Case for Using Evidence-Based Guidelines in Setting Hospital and Public Health Policy

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross H. Francis ◽  
Jordan A. Mudery ◽  
Phi Tran ◽  
Carol Howe ◽  
Abraham Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines

Epistemological deliberation: the challenges of producing evidence-based guidelines on lifestyle habits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Lagerlöf ◽  
Teun Zuiderent-Jerak ◽  
Morten Sager
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Lifestyle Habits ◽  
National Board ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines ◽  
Based Medicine

Background: Promotion of healthy behaviour is increasingly highlighted worldwide as a way to improve public health, prevent disease incidence, and decrease long-term costs for healthcare. In Sweden the National Board of Health and Welfare (NBHW) used the well-established format of national guidelines to facilitate a more widespread use of approaches for promotion of healthy lifestyle habits in healthcare.Aims and objectives: The aim of this case study was to explore the tensions between public health knowledge and the tenets of evidence-based medicine (EBM) in the creation of national guidelines on lifestyle habits.Methods: Based on data from interviews with guideline professionals and the collected documents of the national guidelines, we examine how NBHW negotiated the conflicts between public health knowledge and the format of national guidelines. An analytical model based on approaches from the sociology of standardisation is used to explore the ramifications of these negotiations.Findings: In line with findings in the sociology of standardisation, we show how conflicts between public health knowledge and the format of national guidelines result in both having to yield on certain points. This, we claim, results in compromise, but perhaps also compromised notions of validity and causality.Discussion and conclusion: This case offers important learning about the general compatibility of public health and currently dominant methods of EBM. Important crossroads are outlined, concerning how validity and causality are configured in public health guidelines and how these require extensive epistemological deliberation.<br />Key messages<br /><ul><li>Epistemological commitments on validity and causality within public health have been compromised to fit the format of national guidelines;</li><br /><li>Similarly, the format of national guidelines has been subordinated to the public health valuation of risk assessments;</li><br /><li>Integrating public health into an EBM format requires extensive epistemological deliberation.</li></ul>

scholarly journals Improving maternal healthcare in Georgia

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Skhvitaridze ◽  
A Gamkrelidze ◽  
T Lobjanidze
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Birth Registry ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Medical Birth Registry

Abstract Improvement of reproductive health is a worldwide priority. Maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity are frequently used as measure of quality of the healthcare. Thus, reduction of maternal morbidity and mortality are important goal for the SDGs. Hence, maternal and new-borns health are crucial to report accurately. The key requirement for progress is to have as much precise data as it is possible. Several tools are developed for quality surveillance; among them is the medical birth registry. Georgia is a developing country which recently had healthcare in transition. Over the last decade, Georgia’s health sector has improved quality and embraced evidence-based medicine. Transformation and progress attributed reproductive healthcare. Country elaborated strategic plan and set achievable target for maternal and children’s mortality ratios for 2030. Georgia developed national maternal surveillance system. However, country has been lacking precise, comprehensive, and longitudinal data dealing with the reproductive health. Thus far, data on associated health services mainly derived from the sporadic on-demand surveys. Routine info on mortality and morbidity were available as aggregated data with a lack of epidemiological analysis. In order to provide proper reproductive health profile, Georgia created a nationwide medical birth registry (GBR). GBR has made it possible to create a precise epidemiological analysis and to ensure the evidence-based reporting. To improve epidemiological research capacity, PhD projects were implemented a year after the GBR started operation, in the frame of cooperation of Norwegian and Georgian Universities. Moreover, universities initiated tracks for master students to have internship and graduate thesis in GBR related topics. Overarching goals of the GBR are numerous. Although compilations of statistics and ensuring scientific bases for advice through generated researches are beneficial for universities and country as well. Key messages Studies, based on transparency of highly accurate medical statistics gives possibility for effective implementation of evidence-based public health interventions. Recommendations provided by registry based studies have a pivotal role in formulation and revision of relevant public health strategies.

LGBTQ Intimate Partner Violence

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam M. Messinger
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Policy Practice ◽  
The Past ◽  
Victim Services ◽  
Public Health Threat

Many nations today recognize intimate partner violence (IPV) in romantic-sexual relationships as a major public health threat, yet not all victims are treated equally. Contrary to myths, lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans*, and queer (LGBTQ) people are more likely to experience IPV than heterosexual-cisgender people. Unfortunately, LGBTQ victims face major barriers to reaching safety in a world that too often stigmatizes their identities and overlooks their relationships when forming victim services and policies. Offering a roadmap forward, LGBTQ Intimate Partner Violence: Lessons for Policy, Practice, and Research is the first book to synthesize nearly all existing research from the past forty years on this pressing issue. At once highly organized and engaging, it provides evidence-based tips for academic and nonacademic audiences alike.

Cases of social innovations implemented in the public health sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1600-1621
Author(s):  
E.V. Molchanova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Demographic Challenges ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Innovations ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Year

Subject. The article discusses medical and demographic processes in Russia and Finland. Objectives. I evaluate cases of social innovations implemented for the preservation and strengthening of public health in Finland under the auspices of The Global Burden of Disease Study. Methods. Methodologically, the study relies upon the ideology of the GDB Project, which rests on the DALY (the Disability Adjusted Life Year). Results. I analyzed the morbidity and mortality rates, DALY in Russia and Finland, determined what mainly triggers the risk (environmental, behavioral, metabolic) fueling some public health degradation. The article provides the insight into the efficiency of some social innovations implemented in Finland and suggests what should be done to outline medical and demographic programs in Russia. Conclusions and Relevance. The medical and demographic situation in Russia requires new tools to find innovative solutions for the social policy and, inter alia, the use of the GBD technique, which proved to be effective. Referring to evidence from Finland, demographic challenges in Russian can be handled through a systems approach, i.e. socio-economic actions, improvement of the healthcare and social security, wellness propaganda.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document