Pediatric Home Tracheostomy Care: The Importance of Knowledge Assessment

2021 ◽  
pp. 108482232110617
Author(s):  
Wicharn Boonjindasup ◽  
Kusuma Syananondh ◽  
Prapasri Somboon ◽  
Suchada Sritippayawan

Assessment of caregiver knowledge is an essential part of home healthcare education for pediatric tracheostomy care, however, there is a paucity of evidence in long term. This study aims to determine how caregiver knowledge and misconceptions, as assessed by our knowledge test, changed over a 12-month period following our educational program and whether the test score was associated with any demographics of the caregivers and children with tracheostomy. A prospective cohort study was undertaken to evaluate the knowledge at 3 timepoints after tracheostomy education: baseline (T1), 6 months (T2), and 12 months (T3). Test scores were analyzed for trend and relationship with demographics. Items for which less than 80% caregivers gave correct responses at T1 were considered common misconceptions. Fifty-four caregivers were enrolled. Out of a maximum score of 25, the median (IQR) scores were 22 (21-23), 23 (22-24), and 23 (22-25), at T1, T2, and T3, respectively. The scores at T2 and T3 were significantly higher than at T1 ( P ≤ .01). One common misconception “how to manage when suction got less secretion than expected” was found at all timepoints. Caregivers of children with >2 comorbidities scored slightly higher than those of children with 0 to 2 comorbidities ( P = .01). In conclusion, our caregivers achieved high knowledge scores which increased over the 12-month study period potentially because of repeated assessment and practical experience. Common misconceptions and a factor associated with the knowledge were also identified. These advantages highlighted the importance of knowledge assessment for quality improvement.

Author(s):  
V.G. Galonsky ◽  
N.V. Tarasova ◽  
E.S. Surdo ◽  
A.V. Gradoboev

The article is devoted to the issue of early orthopaedic rehabilitation of youngest preschool children with ectodermal dysplasia and congenital edentulism. The essence and details of children’s psychophysiological development at this age are revealed, as well as main pedagogical tools making it possible to adapt the children to the specific environment of the dental clinic and motivate them for undergoing long-term multistage orthopaedic dental treatment. Clinical approaches and peculiarities in the dentist’s work with children of different psychological types as well as particular aspects in their adaptation to removable dentures are described. Two clinical cases of effective orthopaedic rehabilitation of 3-years-old children with ectodermal dysplasia and congenital edentulism using full removable lamellar dentures.


Author(s):  
Tat’yana A. Markelova ◽  

The paper deals with the search and application of effective methods of memorizing foreign language vocabulary, based on integrative and personal development approaches within the framework of modern linguodidactics. The Internet era, which maximally simplifies the process of searching for and translating foreign words, engender among students a false idea that there is no need to form special skills of memorizing foreign language vocabulary. In this regard, the development of new ways how to activate memory for educational purposes is of particular relevance, as well as the study of such mental processes of memory as memorizing, preserving, reproducing and forgetting. The author refers to some aspects of linguodidactics’ and mnemonics’ historical evolution, foreign and Russian experience of using mnemonic techniques in the process of studying and teaching foreign languages. Memorizing based on mnemonic encoding into images (when objects are linked with existing information in the memory) contributes to the process of mastering foreign language vocabulary, it becomes faster and easier, and it results in a long-term memorization of the material. In the paper, the author shares the practical experience of applying and teaching mnemonic techniques at English classes. The latter include phonetic associations, visual images, pictures, kinesthetic representations. In conclusion, the author makes an inference that it is advisable to teach students the technique of mnemonics as one of the effective ways to facilitate the process of memorizing new vocabulary.


1976 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 286-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. D. Daykin

1. It seems to be a common misconception outside the actuarial profession that those within that illustrious body are mysteriously able to peer into their crystal balls and come up with prophetic answers about the future progress of pension funds, insurance companies and other allied matters. The appearance of an actuarial report with its air of finality and disclosure of a definite surplus, deficiency, bonus declaration or whatever it may be, only endorses the impression that the actuary is reporting on the unique and unquestionable answer to the problem in hand.


Author(s):  
Abdul Rahman Saad Al-Shihri

    The most interesting in electronic games by children let psychologists and experts to study these games and their impact on their users from different perspectives. It has two sides of effects. They have positive aspects that appear in many aspects of the child's life. Besides the education that the child acquires through increasing the concepts، information and skills development، they develop intelligence and speed of thinking. Many games contain puzzles and need mental skills to solve them. On the planning and initiative، and saturation of the imagination of the child in an unprecedented manner، and increase its activity and vitality، and become a high knowledge of modern technology، and good to deal with and use and dedicated to his benefit. It also encourages children to devise creative solutions to adapt to and adapt to the conditions of the game، and extend their impact to the practical reality; it enables him to apply some of the skills he gained through playing on the ground in real life. But on the personal level it develops the child's violence and the sense of crime because the large proportion of these games depends on the child's amusement and enjoyment of killing others، and teach adolescents methods and methods of committing the crime and tricks، As they develop in their minds violence and aggression through the frequent exercise of such games، the result is a violent and aggressive child. These games also make the child live in isolation from others، and the ultimate goal is to satisfy his desires to play. Thus، the child's self-centered personality، self-love and introversion are formed and affected the communities that are widespread. The rate of murder and theft has increased As well as moral crimes، and these games have also been shown to affect the general health of the child in the long term; it leads to the injury of many health diseases and mental disorders، and playing for long periods of the child has the behavior of alcoholism Aloswasi.    


2021 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Alevtina Balakina ◽  
Yury Lempl

This article is devoted to the detailed analysis of modern requirements for finishing materials, used in the interiors of inpatient facility ward units. The authors have studied a number of regulatory normative documents acting in the territory of the Russian Federation and analyzed the practical experience of interior decoration of ward units at the health care capital construction facilities. The authors highlight and describe the main requirements for the finishing materials for the inpatient facility ward units and point out the peculiarities of solutions in the interiors. A classification of modern finishing materials (with an indication of their technical characteristics) used in the decoration of interiors of long-term care units is made on the basis of the practical experience studied by the authors taking into account the functional purpose of the premises as well as the variants of visual design of interiors of inpatient facility ward units.


Author(s):  
O. Yarmoliuk ◽  
О. Hubaryk ◽  
Т. Savanchuk ◽  
О. Dmytrenko ◽  
N. Khomiak

Abstract. The information demands of a globalized society are forcing businesses to produce financial statements that meet the requirements of all stakeholders. The purpose of the article was to assess what information entities disclose in the financial statements prepared in accordance with IAS and IFRS, and what conflicts arise. Theoretical and methodological aspects of the results of scientists prove the importance of information disclosure in the financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS. At the same time, the issue of disclosure of information in the financial statements remains open, taking into account the needs of current activities of enterprises. In view of this, there is a need to: study the provision of users of financial statements with information, the disclosure of which provides for international standards; testing hypotheses about the need to study the differences between the types of financial statements provided for in IFRS and IAS and reviewing the long-term liability in the event of early repayment. Based on the analysis, it is established that the information required for disclosure in the financial statements determines the type of financial statements. The conducted research testifies to the presence of gaps in IFRS in the order of compilation and information content of the combined reporting. It is proposed that the combined financial statements be prepared by entities that for one reason or another do not meet the requirements of IFRS 10. It is established that an important condition for reliable reflection in the Statement of financial position information on long-term credit is the need to analyze during the year. It is proposed to consider part of the long-term loan in the form of payments, which must be repaid within twelve months from the date of reporting, as a current liability. This approach requires reclassifying existing credit from long-term to current liabilities, which will lead to further changes in cash flow estimates, adjusting the carrying amount of liabilities. The results of the study can be used by practitioners in various sectors of the economy in the formation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS. Keywords: financial statements, IFRS reporting, financial results, enterprise, standards, accounting, IFRS, IAS. JEL Classification M40, M 41, M 48 Formulas: 0; fig.: 1; tabl.: 1; bibl.: 19.


2020 ◽  
pp. 449-494
Author(s):  
Alexandra Dimitrova

Over the past 20 years acupuncture has been rapidly gaining in popularity both in clinical practice and in research. New evidence for the benefits of acupuncture in various disorders is emerging seemingly every week, and recent large-scale systematic reviews and meta-analyses have suggested that acupuncture’s benefits in pain conditions can be maintained long term. At present the strongest evidence for acupuncture in the treatment of neurological disorders is in the fields of migraine, tension headaches, diabetic neuropathy, carpal tunnel syndrome, and Bell’s palsy. Recent trials suggest that acupuncture may be used as an adjunct in stroke rehabilitation and in improving the quality of life in patients with Parkinson’s disease and dementia. Despite recent mechanistic research advances, much remains unknown about acupuncture’s mechanism of action and there are common misconceptions about the origins of modern-day acupuncture. As acupuncture is being rapidly integrated into mainstream medical practice and increasingly being sought by patients, healthcare providers and neurologists in particular need to be educated about its applications and benefits for various neurological disorders. Our hope is that this chapter will serve toward this educational goal.


2015 ◽  
Vol 1124 ◽  
pp. 209-218
Author(s):  
Pavel Svoboda ◽  
Karl Heinz Winter

Reinforced and pre-stressed concrete have been used increasingly for various kinds of complex structures in the past decades. The structures assembled from panels belong into this group. The current design methods rely on linear elastic analyses based on empirically derived material laws assuming homogeneous and isotropic material. Practical experience and various investigations however have indicated that majority of structures and structural elements are in fact stressed beyond the range of linear elastic behavior. In addition, long term effects may have a significant influence on the structural behavior of this category of structures and structural members.


2002 ◽  
pp. 43-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Amber Lo ◽  
Joobin Choobineh

Database design process is a knowledge intensive task that requires expertise, practical experience, and judgment. It is not surprising, therefore, that over the last few years many research prototype database design expert systems have been reported in the literature. This paper is a survey of such tools. These tools are compared with respect to four major aspects: database design support, tool flexibility, expert system features, and implementation characteristics. This study reveals that, in general, there is lack of 1) support for all the phases of the design, 2) support for group database design, 3) graphic support, 4) empirical verification of effectiveness of the tools, 5) long-term maintenance of the tool and database schemata, and 6) specialized knowledge representation schemes, inference, and learning techniques.


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